Unit 2 Exploring English

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

基础训练

单词拼写 根据首字母或汉语提示，用本部分所学单词的正确形式填空。

1. The city filled with u _____________buildings is a city for lovers of history and food.

2. As you are a high school student now， you should be responsible for you b _____________.

3. I usually get up as soon as my a_____________ clock goes off in the early morning.

4. The t_____________of the book gives readers important information about the main idea of it.

5. His writing is so c_____________ that it is difficult to make out what he wants to express.

6. Your facial expression has _____________ （反映） your real feelings.

7. These exchange students begin to feel_____________（想家的） after they have been here for a week.

8.Picasso produced more than 20，000 pieces of art， and he did not just paint， but made _____________ （雕塑） and worked with all kinds of media.

9.The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world and is _____________（可見的） from outer space.

10.I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to learn from _____________（有创造力的） people.

选择填空 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。

wind up burn up fill in speak of in ones free time

1. Judy says she often goes swimming with her friends_____________ .

2. _____________ the part-time job， I think its important for college students to do it during holidays.

3. If you choose to walk home， your body will _____________100 calories.

4. Please_____________ this form， giving your name， phone number and address.

5.And you dont always _____________ with the right answer or wrong answer， but just different points of view.

课文语法填空

Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble1（learn） English？ I hadnt， until one day my five-year-old son asked me2there was ham in a hamburger. This3（get） me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn.

Even the smallest words can be4（confuse）. You also have to wonder at the unique5（mad） of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns6 ， in which you fill in a form by filling it out， and in which7alarm is only heard once it goes off！

English8（invent） by people， not computers， and it reflects the9（creative） of the human race. That is why when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights are out， they are10（visible）. And that is why when I wind up my watch， it starts， but when I wind up this passage， it ends.

1._____________  2._____________   3._____________  4. _____________  5. _____________

6. _____________  7._____________   8. _____________  9. _____________  10._____________

閱读理解

Part of the reason that English has grown as a world language is that it easily adjusts to change. However， this means that what one was taught as a child in school may be out of date many years later. When words or phrases change， it can make speakers feel “wrong” because they were taught that something else was “right”.

One example of this is a term connected to school itself. Today， it is common for people to say that they “graduated” high school or college. The word “graduate” has two common meanings. One is to mark off a series. The other meaning is closely related. As you move through school， you cross off a series of achievements： grade school， middle school， high school， and college. So， in a way， school itself is “graduated”.

So， when people used to speak of getting a degree， they said they “graduated from college”. “To graduate college” would have meant to mark it off by year—the first year， the second year， etc. Similarly， “to graduate to college” would have meant to complete high school and move up to the next level.

But as happens often in English， when people understand your meaning， smaller words can disappear. “I graduated college” is now easy to say. This may distress people who were taught that you had to use “from” to be correct. But this is not the first time this phrase has been simplified. It used to be that you said， “I was graduated from college，” instead of， “I graduated from college.”

You cant know what English will keep and what it will lose. Who could imagine that we would still say we “dial” a phone number when we now push buttons on our cellphones？ Yet we know what it means.

1. What do we know about the word “graduate” from the text？

A. It has two similar meanings. B. It is changing in its meanings.

C. It had nothing to do with school at first. D. It got another meaning during its development.

2. Which of the following is the newest usage of “graduate”？

A. I was graduated from college. B. I was to graduate to college.

C. I graduated from college. D. I graduated college.

3. What does the underlined word “distress” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？

A. Change. B. Correct. C. Worry. D. Hurt.

4. What is the best title for the text？

A. Right or Wrong？ B. Words Come and Go in English

C. English Is a Very Changeable Language D. How Should English Be Taught in School？

阅读七选五

What are magic words？ Words like “thank you” “please” and “sorry” can work wonders in our daily life. 1 People with good manners always communicate with others well by using these magic words.

What should you do when you receive a gift for your birthday？ 2 The words “thank you” are very important and used very often. We say them when someone hands us a letter， passes us a book， offers us a drink， or lends us an umbrella.

3 It is not polite to ask someone for help without saying “please”. We are supposed to use it when we ask for something， too. It may be a book， a pen， or more milk. It may be in the classroom， at home or at the bus stop.

We should learn to say “sorry”， too. If we have hurt someones feeling， we will have to say “sorry”. 4 Sometimes we have forgotten something or broken a promise， so we need to explain with the word as a beginning. “Sorry” is such a word that can make people forget wrongs.

Why are these words magic？ They can give you warmth and strength. They even can encourage people to lead a more meaningful life.

5 Man said them long ago. We use them now. So will our kids.

A. You can make good friends with them.

B. “Excuse me” is another important expression.

C. Youd better sit down and write a thank-you note.

D. “Thank you！ Please！ Sorry！”—these words are simple but useful.

E. “Please” is another important word， but many people forget to use it.

F. When we have told a lie and regretted it， the same word should be used.

G. These expressions are used every day—among strangers， friends and families.

1._____________   2._____________   3._____________   4. _____________  5. _____________

Section Ⅱ Using language

單句语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1. Most of the food for the homeless is provided by an international _____________ （organize）.

2. She grew many unusual types of plants that were_____________（familiar） to me.

3. Have you kept in contact _____________ any of your friends from college？

4. The fog is so heavy that the cars are_____________（visible） even 30 meters away.

5. There are various_____________（type） of books， and you can choose whatever youre interested in.

6. At twenty years old he was not as strong， as fast， _____________ he is now.

7. This is a fine book which is a worthy _____________ （add） to the series.

8. She said she had came_____________an old friend in the street whom she hadnt seen for years.

9. For_____________（creative） to have a chance， the brain needs to get out of its own way.

10.The traffic problem in this city is _____________ （likely） to be solved in a short time. Theres still a long way to go.

單元语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据上下文语境，结合本单元所学语法完成短文。

Surfing is an1（interest） activity of riding on waves while a person is standing on a board called a2（a long narrow board used for surfing）. It is a perfect opportunity for people to get fit and stay3（health）. It can not only make you4（excite） but also offer a number of health benefits. Whether youre a free5（surf） or a competitive one， Im sure youre always trying to improve your surfing. Here are some tips that can help you have a better surfing6（perform）. First of all， you need to practice as often as possible. Second， you should learn to pick the right board. For a7（begin）， the bigger， the better. Some people may like to jump on smaller and8（short） boards， but a large one will help you catch more waves in the early stages. Last but not least， if possible， you can surf with your friends together. It is not only safer， but it also forms a healthy

9（compete）. It pushes you to surf better and try out10（differ） skills.

1._____________   2._____________   3. _____________  4. _____________  5. _____________

6. _____________  7._____________   8. _____________  9. _____________  10. _____________

完形填空

I spent many childhood afternoons looking at airplanes passing over my house. I1what the pilots were doing in those silver2 . I hoped to fly an airplane one day， but people said that was only mens3 .

After earning my drivers license， I drove to a local4 . For twenty dollars， I took an introductory flying lesson and flew up into the sky with an instructor （教练）.

Such lessons were5 ， though. I was only a student. Then， I had an6 . I applied to the school headmaster to7for them in exchange for flying lessons. He8 . Soon， I was busy behind the front desk after school， working hard to9my time in the air. Flying airplanes made me feel alive in a way I never knew was10 . But away from the airport， I was so afraid of being11that I kept my flying lessons a secret.12 ， everyone knew girls couldnt be pilots; it would be13to even try.

I fell in deeper love with flight with every14into the sky， but that joy was not what15allowed me to break free from both the16and self-imposed （自己规定的） limits I had long

17 . What freed me to believe I could do anything was the way I was18at the airport. There， I was surrounded by people who believed in me and supported me， and for the first time I believed in myself， too.

One simple19to the airport led me to the unexpected journey to become a woman20 ， whose number is small in the man-charged airline industry.

1. A. experienced B. noticed C. imagined D. recorded

2. A. systems B. machines C. spaceships D. gardens

3. A. hope B. lesson C. job D. style

4. A. supermarket B. park C. factory D. airport

5. A. expensive B. valuable C. common D. difficult

6. A. interest B. idea C. achievement D. application

7. A. fight B. perform C. work D. cheer

8. A. forgot B. failed C. stopped D. agreed

9. A. earn B. spend C. save D. manage

10. A. free B. easy C. possible D. familiar

11. A. given up B. turned down C. left behind D. laughed at

12. A. In fact B. After all C. By the way D. As a result

13. A. silly B. hard C. unique D. impolite

14. A. look B. trip C. step D. change

15. A. personally B. usually C. equally D. finally

16. A. cultural B. physical C. natural D. social

17. A. dreamed B. accepted C. passed D. broken

18. A. treated B. welcomed C. questioned D. trained

19. A. way B. door C. guide D. drive

20. A. instructor B. headmaster C. pilot D. supporter

语法填空

Long ago in the 1700s， “home” was used as a verb，1（mean） “to be guided to a destination”. So， when you home in on something， you get2（close） to your target （目標）. That is also where we get homing pigeons—pigeons that can find3（they） way home after being released （释放）.

4today， “home” is more often used as a noun. And it has a very emotional5（connect） with American English speakers. You can remember the meaning of the word by the expression “home is     6the heart is”. That expression means home is anywhere you feel love and comfort. In other words， “home” is not7（simple） a building where you live—thats a house.

The writer， Thomas Wolfe，8（write） a book You Cant Go Home Again in 1940. This title has worked its way into the English language. We use it to mean that the ideas and feelings you had as9 child often change when you are an adult. So， even if you return to the place where you grew up， time and distance （距离）10（change） your view.

1. _____________  2. _____________  3. _____________  4._____________   5. _____________

6._____________   7._____________   8._____________   9. _____________  10._____________

短文改錯

Dear Mr Chen，

Im very happy to have you as our English teacher. I knew English is very important for us， so master English means we can see the world through a new window.

To be honesty my English is just OK. There are two mainly problems in my English study. First， I feel difficult to learn words by heart. However， I often feel nervous when spoken English. It would be a great if you could give me some good advice on how to memorize new words. Another suggestion is to give us more chance to practice speaking English in class. Im certain that we can make much progress in English under your help. Thank you.

Li Hua

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

基础训练

单词填空 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Although there are more and more people _____________ of the importance of protecting wild animals， we still try to raise the_____________of the whole society. （aware）

2.Written language is generally used in_____________language， while _____________ language can be used in spoken language. （form）

3.They_____________me by asking so many _____________ questions. I was totally _____________， not knowing what to do. （confuse）

4.My father once said to me that hard work can change your life because youre the only_____________of your own life， but the_____________of people also needs_____________minds. （create）

5.My little sister_____________so well in the school that my parents praised her good _____________at dinnertime. （behave）

6.With the _____________ of becoming rich and famous， more and more people _____________ to take part in TV shows. （intend）

7.No matter what his _____________ words were，_____________ ， I dont believe it. （actual）

8.Joe had changed so much that I didnt _____________ him at first. As a matter of fact， age changed him beyond_____________ . （recognise）

9.“Hard” is the _____________ of “soft”， but “hardly” and “softly” are not the_____________pair. （opposite）

10. _____________ ， their savings only meet_____________costs of living. So they choose a simple lifestyle， _____________ on the little money they have. （base）

单句表达 根据括号内提示翻译句子。

1. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位作家。（not only位于句首引起部分倒装）

2. 我期待着把礼物放到Julie桌上时，她会喜笑颜开。（look forward to）

3.  我在公共汽车站等车时，对向驶过了三辆公共汽车。（while引导时间状语从句）

4. 它们让我想起我在伦敦生活的日子。（remind sb of）

5. 这座建于300年前的剧院已成为著名的旅游景点。（过去分词作后置定语）

提示写作

选用所给词汇或句型造句并组成一段连貫的短文（80词左右）。

remind intend stay with look forward to to ones astonishment

I wasnt sure that... I was really surprised when... It turned out that...

阅读理解

A

Do you think the United Kingdom and the United States are alike？ Winston Churchill once joked that the people of Britain and the people of America are separated only by their language. Do you think that is true？ The British and the Americans both speak English as the official language. However， each uses some different words. We Americans are similar to the British. After all， our country was once owned by the UK， so we have a lot in common. But there are many differences between us.

The UK has a king or queen， and the leader of the government is the Prime Minister. The US has no kings or queens. Our leader is the President.

Both the British and Americans use pounds and ounces， pints， quarts， and gallons. Both use miles， yards， and feet. Our money is different， though. The British use pounds and pence. Americans use dollars and cents.

Driving in a car is very different in the UK. They drive on the left side of the road. We drive on the right. What we call the hood （引擎盖） of the car， the British call the “bonnet”. British cars run on “petrol”， which we call “gasoline”.

In our everyday life， we do many of the same things as the British. But we describe them differently. A young mother here might push a baby in a baby carriage. A British mum pushes a “pram”. The British watch “telly”， while we watch TV. We like to eat French fries， but the British call them “chips”. Millions of Americans drink coffee， but most British prefer tea.

So we are different in many ways. But we stay friendly anyway.

1. What can we learn about the UK and the US from Winston Churchills joke？

A. They are very similar. B. Their people are the same.

C. Their languages are the same. D. They are familiar with each other.

2. The British and Americans both use .

A. miles and dollars B. pints and pence C. gallons and feet D. yards and cents

3. Which of the following is used by the British？

A. TV. B. Pram. C. Hood. D. French fries.

4. What is the best title for the text？

A. We Stay Friendly B. A Common Language？

C. English as the Official Language D. Differences Between the UK and the US

B

Harris Academy， a school in south London， stopped its students from using slang （俚語） words， such as aint. The move led to an argument over whether it is necessary to control the way students speak.

The creation of slang is one way languages change. Slang， or informal language， usually changes more rapidly than standard language. For example， the word groovy， meaning “great”， used to be very popular in the 1960s and 1970s. But by 1980s， people had stopped using it.

One important reason we use slang is to show others that we belong to a group. Another is to communicate an idea in a more colorful or humorous way. For example， the phrase “jump ship” creates a stronger image （形象） than the more standard “leave an organization”. While in the Internet age， slang expressions are created faster than ever. Often， Internet slang words are created to make messages faster and easier to type.

Some people are strongly against the use of slang. Teachers at Harris Academy were worried that slang would prevent their students from learning how to read， write， and express themselves correctly. They thought this might cause problems for them when they finally went on to apply to universities or companies.

However， some people think differently. Linguist Tony Thorne sees slang as a way for speakers of a language to show their creativity and humor. And， unlike what some believe， slang is not a new phenomenon. As Thorne explains， “Slang has not become more popular， simply more public.” In todays highly connected world， slang has become more noticeable because of better tools to see language change.

Perhaps the worries mentioned above can be solved by making people understand when to use certain forms of language. As long as people use slang properly， there is no need to completely avoid it.

5. The author mentioned the word “groovy” to show .

A. how languages change B. slang changes fast

C. slang was popular in the 1960s D. how standard language forms over time

6. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？

A. Why people use slang. B. How people use slang.

C. Different types of slang. D. The development of slang.

7. What can we infer about slang from Tony Thornes words in Paragraph 5？

A. It takes time for it to develop. B. It has been accepted by the public.

C. Its increasingly known to the public. D. Its getting more and more popular.

8. What is the authors attitude towards Harris Academys decision on slang？

A. He is against it. B. He is in favor of it.

C. He is doubtful about it. D. He is uninterested in it.

完形填空

Cairistiona Flatley has always been an animal lover. So when she1a social media post about a two-legged cat in need of a（n）2 ， she had a feeling that she was the3person to take Rexie Roo in.

Rexie Roo is a young cat who was rescued （救援） to a shelter in Utah. Both of his front legs were4hurt when he was found， and his rescuers guessed that hed been5by a car. Whats worse， the cats legs couldnt be cured. Their only choice was to6his front legs to give him a second7of life. Despite his pain and having to get around on his8legs， Rexie Roo was always loving everyone around him.

The only9was whether they could find someone who was10to take in a pet with special needs. Thats when Cairistiona came to the11 . She adopted （收養） Rexie Roo and made him feel at home. She quickly12that hes very food-motivated （驱使）， so she used cat food to13him to do his at-home “physical exercise”.

“When people tell me Im so14for adopting a special need cat and that he is lucky to have me， I can only think about how15I am to have him in my life，” Cairistiona said. “I

16him so much， and he has brought me a lot of17and peace. I think he can18people a lot about patience and love，” she added. “My life is19because he is in it. I tell everyone he is the20of my life.”

1. A. saw B. wrote C. chose D. spread

2. A. organization B. family C. judge D. operation

3. A. outgoing B. honest C. special D. perfect

4. A. badly B. completely C. mostly D. nearly

5. A. taken away B. turned away C. knocked down D. put down

6. A. cut off B. try on C. look over D. fix up

7. A. reason B. honor C. impression D. chance

8. A. front B. short C. back D. hurt

9. A. opinion B. problem C. way D. suggestion

10. A. thankful B. rich C. willing D. creative

11. A. madness B. check C. agreement D. rescue

12. A. discovered B. announced C. reminded D. imagined

13. A. force B. encourage C. promise D. wait

14. A. calm B. cool C. brave D. kind

15. A. lucky B. regretful C. upset D. nervous

16. A. respect B. trust C. love D. miss

17. A. pressure B. eagerness C. joy D. pain

18. A. prepare B. teach C. question D. require

19. A. freer B. quieter C. easier D. better

20. A. engine B. light C. challenge D. truth

Writing

話题表达指导

话题介绍

话题：英语探索。要求通过学习课文能口头和书面分享一则有关语言误解的故事或学习英语的一次特别经历。

建议体裁：记叙文。

注意事项：突出故事的发生、发展，交代清楚记叙文写作的基本要素（事件、时间、人物、地点、原因、结果）。见下表：

话题 英语探索

体裁 记叙文

人称 第一人称（描述自己的经历）;第三人称（描述他人的经历）

常用时态 一般过去时（记述发生在过去的故事或经历）

题例导学

题目

假设你是李华，今天你和朋友参加了“北京外语节”（Beijing Foreign Language Festival）。请用英语写一篇短文记述当天的活动，内容包括：

1. 概括介绍事件背景;

2. 这一天的活动（听讲座、参加英语角等）;

3. 你的感受。

注意：

1. 词数100左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

思路引导1 要点分析

1. 背景：与谁一起去，交通方式、现场情景等;

2. 活动：活动项目（如讲座、英语角、购买英语书籍等）;

3. 感受：对活动的评价、活动带来的好处、你对下一次活动的期待等。

思路引导2 本单元语言知识运用

根据汉语意思及提示翻译句子。

1. 我们骑自行车到那里，而一些学生是乘地铁去那里。（while）

_________________________________________________________________

2. 首先我们参加了一个讲座，讲座的主题是“如何学好英语”。（how + 不定式）

_________________________________________________________________

3. 演讲者回答了我们学习中的一些令人困惑的问题。（confusing）

_________________________________________________________________

4.我们去了英语角，在那里我们和其他学生交换了学习英语的方法。（where; exchange... with）

_________________________________________________________________

5. 我期待着参加更多像这样的活动。（look forward to）

_________________________________________________________________

思路引导3 连句成篇

范例展示

Today I took part in the “Beijing Foreign Language Festival” with my friend Wang Wei. We arrived there by bike while some students went there by subway.

First we attended a talk whose topic was “How to learn English”. The speaker answered some confusing questions in our study. Then we went to the English Corner where we exchanged the methods of learning English with other students. We joined them with great interest. Before leaving， we bought some books and dictionaries.

The festival gave me a good chance to practice English， as well as confidence and encouragement for my study. Im looking forward to taking part in more activities like this.

话题表达

假设你是李华，你班的交换生Jack喜欢中国的小吃，于是你请他品尝当地名小吃叫花鸡、老婆饼。听到名称他很疑惑，但他品尝之后才知道不能从字面意思去理解。请用英语写一篇短文记叙这件事。内容包括：

1. 邀请Jack品尝叫花鸡、老婆饼;

2. 他的反映;

3. 他吃后的感慨。

注意：

1. 词数100左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：老婆饼sweetheart cake;叫花鸡Jiaohua Chicken

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短语与句型回顾

短语

1. _____________ 偶然发现

2. be unfamiliar_____________对……不熟悉

3. _____________ 除此之外;另外

4. remind..._____________使……想起

5._____________说到;谈到

6.make comments_____________对……做出评论

7. be based _____________ 以……为基础

8. _____________ 意识到;察觉到

9. _____________ 在某人的空闲时间

10._____________结果是

11. _____________ 发生

12._____________烧毁;烧尽

13. _____________给（机械）上发条;使（活动、会议等）结束

14. reflect _____________ 反思

15. _____________contact与…… 保持/失去联系

16. _____________in ones throat（尤因喉咙痛）说话困难

17. _____________ 谨慎行事

18._____________让某人惊讶的是

句型

1. have trouble （in） doing sth

Have you ever asked yourself why people often_____________（在学习英语时遇到困难）？

2. make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语

This _____________ （使我意识到） that theres no egg in eggplant either.

3. neither位于句首引起部分倒装

_____________（既没有） pine _____________ apple in pineapple.

4. It/This/That is why...

_____________（那就是为什么） when the stars are out， they are visible…

5. speaking of作评注性状语

And _____________ （谈到家）， why arent homework and housework the same thing？

6. 过去分词作后置定语

The origin of “hamburger” was a hard beef steak _____________ （称为）“Hamburg steak”， _____________ （被吃） without bread.

7. the other way round

Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs， or _____________ （反过来亦是如此）.

8. as... as...

Its not_____________（看上去那么令人困惑）： usually people from the two countries can understand each other from the context.

9. here等副詞位于句首引起全部倒装

_____________（这里有一些我们最喜欢的）， to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！

10. spend some time （in） doing sth

I_____________（花数日进行准备和撰写） my first English paper.

请根据提示，运用本单元核心知识就“如何学好英语”的话题，谈谈你的看法。

提示：需用以下句型。

1. At first， we can…

2. I think its a good idea to…

3. Another thing I would suggest is…