广西北部湾港：以“一流的技术”攀登港口建设新高峰

黄昀昀

在广西北部湾港钦州港区北部湾外理集装箱智能理货中心，每名工作人员同时面对着4台电脑屏幕，他们专注、敏捷地操作着智能理货系统，仅用时20多秒，就能实现对集装箱的高效管理。而过去，他们须赴码头，才能完成相同的操作。这样的转变，源于广西北部湾国际港务集团有限公司（以下简称北部湾港集团）对先进技术的追求。

2017年，中国国家主席习近平视察广西北部湾港时，要求以“一流的设施、一流的技术、一流的管理、一流的服务”，把广西北部湾港口建设好、管理好、运营好。因此近年来，北部湾港集团积极引入先进技术，以此赋能港口发展，以期在国际贸易中扮演好“节点”“门户”等重要角色。

智慧港口建设，势在必行

2020年，中国货物进出口总额在新冠肺炎疫情的影响下仍达到约32.2万亿元，同比增长1.9%，GDP占比达30%以上。2021年，中国货物贸易总额更是高达39.1万亿元，同比增长21.4%。而港口作为国际贸易的重要门户，在其中发挥的作用不言而喻。

為了与愈发蓬勃的中外贸易需求相适应，近些年中国各大港口正向“建成智慧港口”的目标进发。据了解，智慧港口以云计算、大数据、物联网等新一代信息技术与运输业务深度融合为核心，能在更高程度上满足多层次、高品质等港口运输服务的要求。广西北部湾港则紧跟时代步伐，加快技术布局港口进程，为智慧港口建设打下根基。

“十三五”期间，广西北部湾港就此取得了一系列成就：运用人工智能、大数据、5G、激光扫测等前沿技术的钦州港区大榄坪南7#—10#泊位全自动化集装箱码头项目相继开工建设;创新服务模式，建成统一客户服务平台“北港网”，实现了“一站式接待、一站式办单、一站式结算、一站式信息服务”;各港区智能闸口建设进度加快，实现了闸口管理、安防、海关数据的全面对接……

据悉，广西北部湾港智慧港口的建设主要围绕港口智能运营、危险品精细管理、供应链互联协作、物流区域协同、服务敏捷保障、业务开放创新等6 个方面开展建设，推进智慧港口在港口作业效率、供应链上下游协作、信息互联互通、港口生态圈建设等方面的提升，是广西北部湾港提质增效的重要路径。

用技术攀登港口建设的“珠峰”

2021年是中国“十四五”规划的开局之年。在这一年里，北部湾港集团在引进“一流的技术”方面也有不少新动作。其中，钦州港区大榄坪南7#—10#泊位全自动化集装箱码头是其中的重点。而自动化集装箱码头的建设被称为港口建设中的“珠穆朗玛峰”。

据了解，该全自动化集装箱码头整体通过能力260万标箱，是全球首个采用“U”型工艺方案的全自动化集装箱码头，也是中国首个海铁联运全自动化集装箱码头。为攀此“高峰”，2021年里，北部湾港集团借助与上海振华重工等达成的伙伴关系，加快引入工业4.0、物联网、大数据、云计算等技术。

其中7#、8#泊位改造工程为该项目的一期工程，上海振华重工集团为它带来了5台自动化双小车岸桥、16台自动化轨道吊、30台智能导引车等先进设备。以智能导引车为例，为给智能导引车导航测试提供保障，首批2500枚磁钉被敷设于7#泊位前沿区域。据现场工作人员介绍：“磁钉就像一张张埋在地下的身份证，每张都存储着唯一的‘身份信息’——即独立的位置坐标。安装在智能导引车上的磁钉天线，等同一个移动式读卡器，在移动的过程中实时读取扫过的‘身份信息’，并将信息反馈至后台系统，保证智能导引车‘不跑偏’。”

2021年，在努力、智力、财力的共同推动下，北部湾港集团完成了该项目一期工程的码头结构升级改造工作，三大自动化设备与智能控制系统之间的联机联调测试工作也有条不紊地开展着。

广西北部湾港还迎来了提升实力的先进信息系统与设备。如2021年9月，防城港港区的关港协同智能闸口管理系统完成升级，将闸口车辆通行时长从4分钟左右压缩至30秒，为防城港港区提前58天实现年货物吞吐量突破1亿吨大关提供了有力支持;同年12月，搭载了自动化系统，应用了5G网络技术的2台轮胎式集装箱龙门起重机在北海港区正式启用;尤值得一提的是，2021年12月13日，国内新建规模最大的数字化散货堆场完成首次重载调试，为散货专业化中心堆场的全面投产奠定了坚实基础，为北部湾港推动“四个一流”港口建设迈出了新步伐。

未来，北部湾港集团又将如何升级技术，提升港口效能呢？该集团董事长李延强称，“十四五”时期将对标国际一流港口全力加快智慧码头、智能船舶和智慧航道建设，加快建成4个10万～20万吨级全自动化集装箱码头，改造一批万吨级以上码头，努力实现“便捷顺畅、经济高效、绿色集约、智能先进、安全可靠”的智慧港口目标。

港口发展起源于贸易需求，腾飞于先进技术。锚定了建设智慧港口目标的北部湾港集团，正在风雨兼程地前行。

技术牵引，助海铁联动

“智慧港口”正成为广西北部湾港弯道超车的重要引擎，而北部湾多式联运示范工程即国际陆海贸易新通道（以下简称陆海新通道）海铁联运更犹如一脚加速的油门，助力广西北部湾港货源的增长。2021年，陆海新通道海铁联运班列开行突破6000列，较开行首年2017年增长近33倍，成为近年来中国增速最快的国际班列。

据悉，北部湾多式联运示范工程经北部湾港集团联合中外运广西有限公司、广西沿海铁路股份有限公司申报，已获得中国多式联运示范工程项目殊荣。而先进技术在此过程中功不可没。

技术的应用使该示范工程的信息化建设水平越来越高。在北部湾港集团与各方的努力和协调之下，陆海新通道海铁联运信息平台实现数据互联共享，全程物流节点信息可跟踪查询;实现平台之间数据互通、码头系统互联互通、全程箱动态查询三大功能。

技术的应用使钦州铁路集装箱中心站成为中国铁路首家实现远控自动化装卸的铁路智慧化示范场站。2021年，6台陆海新通道全线技术最先进的远程自动化门吊，在钦州铁路集装箱中心站投入使用，使集装箱起落、运行、堆场内箱位整理等环节均可实现全自动化作业。这一龙门吊群横跨集装箱火车装卸线，待智能扫描识别系统成功扫描并传输相关货物信息后，便探出“爪子”，精准捕捉集装箱，吊至指定位置上，显著增强了钦州港区港航物流服务能力。

揚鞭催征马蹄疾。先进技术加快布局广西北部湾港，将使其在新一轮港口智能化、自动化竞争中更具底气，以实现健康和可持续的发展。而于整个广西而言，这也将助推广西积极融入“一带一路”倡议、参与陆海新通道建设，实现广西“门户、支点、通道”的角色升级。

In the intelligent container tally center of Qinzhou Port Area along the Beibu Gulf， staffs facing 4 computer screens at the same time run the intelligent container tally systems attentively and adroitly. In only 20 seconds， they can achieve the efficient management of containers. However， in the past， the same operation required workers’ on-site presence. Such change is credited to Guangxi Beibu Gulf International Port Group’s pursuit of cutting-edge technologies.

In 2017 when Chinese President Xi Jinping inspected Guangxi’s Beibu Gulf Port， he proposed that the Port should be well constructed， managed， and operated by adopting first-class facilities， technologies， management， and services. Therefore， in recent years， the Beibu Gulf Port Group actively introduced advanced technologies to develop the Port， so as to fulfill its role of “node” and “gateway” in international trade.

It is imperative that smart ports are constructed

In 2020， the total volume of China’s import and export of goods reached about RMB 32.2 trillion yuan despite the COVID-19 pandemic， a year-on-year increase of 1.9%， equivalent to more than 30% of the GDP. In 2021， the total amount of China’s trade in goods was reached an impressive RMB 39.1 trillion yuan， a year-on-year increase of 21.4%. As important gateways of international trade， it is self-evident what contribution the ports have made.

To adapt to the increasingly prospering domestic and foreign trade， major ports in China have marched towards the goal of “building smart ports” in recent years. With deep integration of transportation and the new generation of information technologies such as cloud computing， big data， and IoT as the core， smart ports can better meet the demands of multi-level and high-quality transport services. Following the trend of the times， Beibu Gulf Port Group accelerated the introduction of technologies in the Beibu Gulf Port to lay foundations for building smart ports.

During the 13th Five-Year Period， Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port Group has made the following achievements： The full-automatic container terminals of the berths numbered 7 to 10 of at the South Dalanping Operation Area of Qinzhou Port， which used AI， big data， 5G， and laser scanning，  started construction one after another; The Group itself innovated the service models and established a service platform for customers named “BBW PORT”， achieving one-stop reception， handling of formalities， currency settlement， and information service; Construction of smart gates in relevant port areas was accelerated， and management， security， and customs data of the gates in each port area realized information sharing .

The smart port construction of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port centers around the smart operation of ports， precise management of hazardous goods， connectivity and coordination of supply chains， regional coordination of logistics， timely guarantee of services， and business opening and innovation. All these aim to improve smart ports in operation efficiency， upstream and downstream coordination in supply chains， information connectivity， and port ecosystem， serving as important ways for Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port to improve quality and efficiency.

Scaling to the heights of port construction through technologies

2021 marked the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan. This year witnessed new measures taken by Beibu Gulf Port Group to introduce first-class technologies， among which the key were the full-automatic container terminals of the berths numbered 7 to 10 at the Dalanping South Operation Area of Qinzhou Port， the construction of which is known as “the Mt. Everest” in port construction.

The full-automatic container terminal is the first terminal to adopt a U-shaped design around the world and also the first featuring sea-rail combined transportation， with an overall throughput capacity of 2，600，000 TEUs. To complete the project， Guangxi Beibu Gulf sped up the introduction of technologies such as Industry 4.0， IoT， big data， and cloud computing in cooperation with Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industries and other companies.

Phase I of the project was to reconstruct berths numbered 7 and 8. Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industries prepared for it 5 automatic double trolley quay cranes， 16 automatic rail-mounted gantry cranes， and 30 intelligent guided vehicles （IGV）. Take IGV as an example， to provide guarantees for its navigation tests， 2，500 magnetic markers were set at the front of the No. 7 berth. According to the staff on-site： “Every magnetic marker stores information of a location. The antenna installed on the vehicle  receives the information in real time and feeds back it to the backstage management system so that the car ‘does not deviate’”.

In 2021， Beibu Gulf Port Group reconstructed and upgraded the terminal. The online debugging between the three automatic equipment and the intelligent control system was also carried out as planned.

Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port introduced advanced information systems and equipment to improve its strengths. In September 2021， the customs-port coordination smart gate management system was upgraded， shortening the time for vehicles to pass the gate from 4 minutes to 30 seconds and providing strong support for Fangcheng Port to exceed the annual cargo throughput of 100，000，000 tons 58 days early; In December of the same year， automated systems were available and 2 rubber tire container gantry cranes applied with 5G technology were put into operation in Beihai Port; What’s worth mentioning is that on December 13， 2021， the largest digital storage yard for bulk cargo completed its first debugging， providing a solid foundation for the operation of the specilized center storage yard for bulk cargo and marching a step forward in building Beibu Gulf Port into a port with first-class facilities， technologies， management， and services.

What measures will the Beibu Gulf Port Group take to update technologies and improve port efficiency？ According to Li Yanqiang， Chairman of the Group， during the 14th Five-Year Period， it will accelerate the construction of smart terminals， ships， and channels aligning with the standard of world first-class ports， sped up the building of 4 full-automatic container terminals of 100，000-200，000 tons， and upgrade a batch of terminals above 10，000 tons， striving to achieve the goal of building a convenient， unhindered， economic， efficient， green and safe smart port.

Port development originates from trade and takes off with the application of technologies. With the goal of developing smart ports， Beibu Gulf Port Group will brave the way ahead.

Technology promotes sea-rail combined transportation

The smart port has become an important driver for Guangxi Beibu Gulf to overtake others， and its multimodal demonstration project， namely the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor sea-rail combined transportation， serves as an accelerator to boost the sources of goods in Beibu Gulf Port. In 2021， sea-rail combined transport trains along the New Land-Sea Corridor exceeded 6，000， nearly 33 times higher than that in 2017， becoming the fastest-growing international trains in China in recent years.

The New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor sea-rail combined transportation has been awarded the multimodal demonstration project in China after the application of Beibu Gulf Port Group， Sinotrans Guangxi Co.， Ltd.， and Guangxi Coastal Railway Company. Technology plays a vital role in this process.

Technology enables a higher informatization level of the demonstration project. With efforts and coordination of Beibu Gulf Port Group and relevant parties， the New Land-Sea Corridor sea-rail combined transportation information platform realized data connectivity and sharing， and traceable logistics information.

Technology helps Qinzhou Railway Container Center Station to become the first intelligent railway station that realized remote-controlled automated loading and unloading. In 2021， 6 long-distant automatic gantry cranes with the most advanced technology were put into operation in Qinzhou Railway Container Center Station， the automatic lifting， landing， and sorting of the container thus have been featured. The gantry crane， arching across the container loading and unloading line， accurately recognized the container and lifted it to the designated place with its “claws” after the smart scanning and recognition system scanned and transmitted the information of goods， significantly enhancing the logistics service capacity of the Qinzhou Port.

Accelerating the application of advanced technology in Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port will make it more competitive in the new round of intellectualization and automatization race among ports， so as to achieve healthy and sustainable development. It will also be conducive to Guangxi to integrate into the Belt and Road Initiative， take part in the New Land-Sea Corridor， and upgrade its role of “gateway， pivot， and corridor”.

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