透过广西“两会”发展规划，听见中国—东盟开放合作强音

钟霜霞

一湾相挽十一国，良性互动东中西。沿海、沿江、沿边的广西是中国唯一一个与东盟国家陆海相连的省区，在这个中国对接东盟的前沿和窗口，你可以看见广西描绘的美好发展蓝图，听见全方位开放发展的强音。

2022年新年开局之际，加强中国—东盟合作再次成为广西未来发展规划的重点任务之一。在1月16日至20日召开的广西壮族自治区第十三届人民代表大会第五次会议以及广西壮族自治区政协十二届五次会议（以下简称“两会”）上，代表委员们热力聚焦中国—东盟各领域合作优异的“成绩单”，热切期盼中国—东盟合作奋楫扬帆再出发。

高质量引领广西开放发展

近年来，广西面向东盟合作成果风生水起逐浪高。

2020～2021年，东盟连续2年成为中国最大贸易伙伴，特别是2021年中国和东盟贸易保持高速增长，总额达8782亿美元，同比增长28.1%。可以说在新冠肺炎疫情重创全球经济的背景下，中国—东盟经贸合作的良好态势为稳定地区发展树立了全球典范，为世界经济摆脱复苏困局给出了一个值得参考的答案。

这份优异的“成绩单”来之不易，中国—东盟合作提质升级的每一步脚印也都有迹可循。在地处中国南疆、毗邻东盟，区位优势得天独厚的广西，可以看到其敞开大门对东盟全方位开放合作的身影。

广西壮族自治区主席蓝天立在2022年的广西“两会”上作《政府工作报告》时介绍：“2021年，广西狠抓重大平台建设，西部陆海新通道建设取得突破，北部湾港开启通航30万吨级巨轮的历史，集装箱吞吐量突破600万标箱，海铁联运班列突破6000列。”

北部湾畔崛起国际门户港。2021年，北部湾港集装箱及货物吞吐量增速在全国前10名的沿海港口中继续保持领跑地位。作为西部陆海新通道的重要节点，广西北部湾港在建设成为联通中国内陆腹地进入东盟国家的重要国际门户港过程中，已然驶向了快车道。

敞开大门谋发展，勇立潮头再争先。位于中国—东盟空间枢纽位置的中国（广西）自由贸易试验区也为构建中国—东盟命运共同体作出了新的贡献。蓝天立在《政府工作报告》中提到，2021年，中国（广西）自由贸易试验区改革试点任务实施率95%，入驻企业超5.6万家。南宁、崇左跨境电商综合试验区进出口额分别增长2.6倍、10倍。

中国—东盟合作则是中国（广西）自由贸易试验区最独具一格的特色。其中，位于钦州港片区的中国和马来西亚“两国双园”2021年再次打开开放合作的新格局，交出了一份令人可喜的答卷。根据钦州港片区发布的2021年经济发展综述显示，2021年，中马产业园构建了全国首条中国—马来西亚燕窝跨境产业链;获得中国人民银行批复同意将跨境人民币双向流动便利化政策在广西自贸区全面推广，境外项目贷款政策从马来西亚关丹产业园区推广到东盟全域。

对于广西这个边疆省区来说，全球最大自贸协定《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）的正式生效，更是为广西带来了全方位开放发展的历史新机遇。根据协议，RCEP生效后，已核准成员国之间90%以上的货物贸易将最终实现零关税。南宁海关统计数据显示，2021年，广西外贸规模再创历史新高，进出口达5930.6亿元，同比增长22.2%。其中，对RCEP其他成员国进出口占比达到3209.1亿元，同比增长18.9%。

加速对接RCEP 谋篇布局向海经济

“广西发展的潜力在开放、后劲在开放、未来在开放。”蓝天立说。

未来，广西将如何抢抓RCEP实施机遇，高水平共建西部陆海新通道，主动服务构建中国—东盟命运共同体，推动更高水平开放？在广西“两会”上提出的2022年发展目标和重点任务可以看到，广西正为助力中国—东盟合作谋篇布局，而来自代表委员们的真知灼见也让广西高水平开放路线图愈加明晰。

在2022年的工作计划中，广西明确了加速对东盟全方位合作的具体方向：“广西将务实对接RCEP实施，推动中国—东盟博览会、中国—东盟商务与投资峰会升级发展，加快建设中国—东盟进出口大宗商品交易平台、中国—东盟数字经济产业园等项目。”蓝天立说。

广西政协委员，广西国际博览事务局局长，中国—东盟博览会秘书处秘书长王雷在“两会”上接受记者采访时表示，“第19届东博会也一定在服务RCEP上迈出新步伐。” 王雷透露，东博会将密切关注RCEP落地实施情况，进一步提升RCEP展区质量，邀请更多新优质企业参展参会，并举办面向RCEP成员国的企业经贸活动，推动东博会升级發展，助力中国和东盟的经济提质升级。

RCEP的生效实施将给广西带来多重发展机遇，广西如何加快对接国际经贸新规则，推出一批高质量实施RCEP规则的“广西经验”？广西人大代表，广西商务厅厅长杨春庭对此谈到，未来，广西将高质量推动RCEP 701项约束类义务落地，发挥RCEP项下广西货物贸易潜力商品清单和服务贸易优势领域清单引导作用，推广使用广西企业RCEP货物贸易智能服务系统，进一步扩大与贸易伙伴经贸往来。

值得一提的是，《政府工作报告》中还提出，广西计划2022年开工建设平陆运河、黄桶至百色铁路等重大项目。这无疑是广西建设中国—东盟国际大通道的重大举措，将有力支撑广西向海经济的发展。

向海而兴，向海图强。谋划打造向海经济是2022年广西工作计划里最为突出工作内容之一。拥有西江黄金水道、出海港口和中越边境通商口岸的广西，建设高水平的西部陆海新通道，提高与东盟国家合作水平、积极融入“一带一路”大格局势在必得。

对此，广西人大代表、广西北部湾国际港务集团董事长李延强称，将全力建好港口，支持地方建设产业园，做大做强临港产业，共同培育和发展向海经济。广西人大代表、钦州市市长王雄昌亦表示，钦州将建好国际门户港，发展向海经济产业集聚区，力争“十四五”末，海洋经济总产值占据全市GDP的半壁江山。

在2021年出台的《广西向海经济发展战略规划（2021-2035年）》中，深化与东盟国家海洋交流合作，积极探索构建互利共赢的蓝色伙伴关系，助力共建中国—东盟海洋命运共同体也成为广西未来发展向海经济的定位之一。可以期待的是，广西出海通边、对接东盟的全方位开放新格局即将逐步显现。

Guangxi is the only region in China that connects ASEAN countries by land and sea and surrounding provinces by rivers thus earning the reputation of “linking eleven countries with one gulf and being able to promote the positive interaction between the east， central， and west of China”. Here in Guangxi， China’s frontier and window to ASEAN， you can see the promising future of all-round opening and development in the blueprint it depicted.

At the beginning of the new year 2022， strengthening China-ASEAN cooperation again becomes one of the priorities in the development plan of Guangxi. In the fifth session of the 13th People’s Congress of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the fifth session of the 12th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference （CPPCC） Guangxi Committee （Two Sessions） held from January 16 to 20， members centered on the achievements made in China-ASEAN cooperation and looked forward to both sides setting sailing again for better scores.

China-ASEAN cooperation with remarkable achievements

ASEAN became China’s largest trading partner in two consecutive years from 2020 to 2021， especially in 2021， bilateral trade grew rapidly， with the total amount reaching US$ 8，782， a year-on-year increase of 28.1%. Under the severe situation of global economy being fatally hit by the COVID-19 pandemic， China-ASEAN economic and trade cooperation has developed in a good momentum， setting an example for stabilizing regional development around the globe and providing a solution for the world to emerge from the economic crisis.

These outstanding accomplishments were not easily attained. China-ASEAN cooperation has left traceable footprints on its way to realize quality improvement and upgradation. In Guangxi， a region with the geological advantages of locating in the south of China and adjacent to ASEAN， one can see the door it has opened for all-round cooperation with ASEAN.

When Lan Tianli， Governor of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region， made a report on the work of the government in the 2022 Two Sessions， he said that in 2021， Guangxi conscientiously promoted the construction of major projects， with breakthroughs made in the New Western Land-Sea Corridor. For example， Beibu Gulf Port was navigable for 300，000-ton ships， achieved a container throughput of over 6 million TEUs， and put into operation more than 6，000 sea-rail combined trains.

Along the Beibu Gulf， an international gateway rose. In 2021， Beibu Gulf Port continued to take the lead in the growth rate of container and cargo throughput among the top 10 coastal ports in China. As the major node in the New Western Land-Sea Corridor， Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port has made rapid progress in building itself an important international gateway to connect inland China and access ASEAN countries.

Upholding the principle of “Opening doors wider for development and gaining a strong foothold in the strong tide of competition”， China （Guangxi） Pilot Free Trade Zone （GXFTZ） which locates in the critical position in China-ASEAN region also made new contributions to building China-ASEAN community of a shared future. Lan Tianli mentioned in the Report on the Work of the Government that in 2021， GXFTZ completed 95% of its tasks in pilot reform， with more than 56，000 enterprises making presence in the GXFTZ and an increase of 2.6 times and 10 times in the import and export volume in Nanning and Chongzuo Cross-border E-commerce Comprehensive Pilot Zone respectively.

China-ASEAN cooperation is the most distinctive feature reflected in GXFTZ. What is worth mentioning is that in 2021， a new pattern of opening and cooperation was taken shape in the “Two Countries， Twin Parks” cooperation between China and Malaysia in Qinzhou Port Area， achieving results that satisfy the people. According to the Summary on 2021 Economic Development released by Qinzhou Port Area， in 2021， China-Malaysia Qinzhou Industrial Park formed the first China-Malaysia cross-border industrial chain of raw bird’s nest in China and received the approval from People’s Bank of China to implement the cross-border RMB two-way flow facilitation policy in GXFTZ and loan policy for overseas project from Malaysia-China Kuantan Industrial Park to the whole ASEAN region.

For Guangxi， a border region， the entry into force of the world’s biggest free trade agreement — Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership （RCEP） agreement has brought it historic new opportunities for all-round opening and development. According to the agreement， after its entry into force， more than 90% of the trade in goods will realize zero tariff among ratified member states. Statistics from Nanning Customs showed that in 2021， the scale of foreign trade in Guangxi hit a record high， with the total volume of import and export reaching RMB 593.06 billion yuan， a year-on-year increase of 22.2%. Among them， the volume of import and export to RCEP member countries except ASEAN accounted for a high proportion， up to RMB 320.91 billion yuan， a year-on-year increase of 18.9%.

Accelerating the docking with RCEP to make well-crafted plans and arrangements for seaward economy

“Guangxi’s potential lies in opening， momentum lies in opening， and future lies in opening，” said Lan Tianli.

What measures will Guangxi take to seize the opportunities brought by the RCEP， build the New Western Land-Sea Corridor at a high level， and serve the China-ASEAN community with a shared future， so that to achieve higher-level opening？ From the development goal and major tasks in 2022 put forward in the two sessions， one can see that Guangxi has made detailed plans and arrangements to promote China-ASEAN cooperation. Valuable insights from deputies and members also made the blueprint of Guangxi’s high-level opening more clear.

According to Lan Tianli， in the 2022 work plan， Guangxi made clear the direction of all-round cooperation with ASEAN that is to adapt to the RCEP， upgrade China-ASEAN Expo and China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit， and accelerate the implementation of projects such as China-ASEAN commodity trading platform and China-ASEAN digital economy industrial park.

Wang Lei， Member of CPPCC Guangxi Committee， Director-General of Guangxi International Expo Affairs Bureau， and Secretary-General of CAEXPO Secretary， said in an interview during the two sessions： “The 19th CAEXPO will take new measures in serving the RCEP.” He also said that the CAEXPO would closely follow the implementation of RCEP， further improve the RCEP exhibition hall， invite more high-level enterprises to participate in the CAEXPO， hold economic and trade activities facing RCEP member countries， and upgrade the CAEXPO， thereby promoting China and ASEAN to achieve a better-quality and upgraded economy.

The entry into force of RCEP will bring many development opportunities to Guangxi. How will this region align with the new international economic and trade rules and sum up its experience in effectively implementing RCEP rules for others to replicate？ Yang Chunting， Deputy of Guangxi People’s Congress and Director-General of Department of Commerce of Guangxi， said Guangxi would promote the landing of 701 binding obligations of RCEP， give play to the guiding role of the List of  Potential Goods in Guangxi’s Trade in Goods and the List of Advantageous Areas in Guangxi’s Trade in Services under RCEP， popularize the intelligent service system on trade in goods within RCEP for Guangxi enterprises， and further expand economic and trade exchanges with trading partners.

It is worth mentioning that in the Report on the Work of the Government， Guangxi plans to start the construction of major projects like Pinglu Canal and Huangtong-Baise Railway. This is undoubtedly Guangxi’s major step in building the China-ASEAN International Channel， which will give a strong support to the development of seaward economy in Guangxi.

Developing seaward economy is one of the major tasks in Guangxi’s 2022 work plan. Guangxi， boasting the Wijiang Golden Waterway， ports accessing to sea， and China-Vietnam border port， no doubt will achieve the goal of building the New Western Land-Sea Corridor at a high level， improving the cooperation level with ASEAN countries， and integrating into the Belt and Road.

Li Yanqiang， Deputies of Guangxi People’s Congress and Chairman of Guangxi Beibu Gulf International Port Group， said the Group would construct ports well support the construction of local industrial parks， and expand and strengthen port industries， to foster and develop seaward economy. Wang Xiongchang， Deputies of Guangxi People’s Congress and Mayor of Qinzhou City， said Qinzhou would complete the task of building an international gateway port， develop an industrial agglomeration area for seaward economy， and strive to make the total output value of seaward economy account for half of the city’s GDP by the end of the 14th Five-Year period.

In the Guangxi Seaward Economy Development Strategic Plan （2021-2025） issued in 2021， we can found that deepening maritime economic exchanges and cooperation with ASEAN countries， actively exploring and building a mutually beneficial and win-win blue partnership， and promoting the construction of a China-ASEAN maritime community with a shared future were also the development direction of Guangxi’s seaward economy. It is expected that a new pattern of all-round opening to seaward and border economy and ASEAN will appear in our sights soon.

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