翠雀花属一新种和一新变种
2021-12-17王文采
王文采
(中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室,北京 100093)
最近,作者在整理毛茛科植物标本过程中,发现了翠雀花属一新种和一新变种。
毛梗伊犁翠雀花(新变种)
Delphinium iliense Huth var. pubipes W.T.Wang,var.nov.
A var. iliensi differt pedicellis pubescentibus. In var.iliensi,pedicelli glabri sunt.
新疆(Xinjiang):昭苏县,康苏沟(Zhaosu Xian,Kangsugou),alt. 2 200 m,花蓝色(fls.blue),1985-07-30,徐文友等(W.Y.Xu et al.)466(holo⁃type,PE,标本条形码号00500379);同地(same locality),铁里木克山,马克希,alt.2 410 m,山坡,花蓝紫色(on slope,fls.blue-pubrple),1974-07-28,林有 润(Y. R. Lin)74-507(PE,标 本 条 形 码 号00500377);同地(same locality),苦都(Kudu),alt.1 680 m,干山坡,花紫色(on dry slope,fls.purple),1974-08-02,林有润74-698(PE,标本条形码号00500382)。
此变种与模式变种的区别只在于其花梗被柔毛。在模式变种,花梗无毛[1~2]。
华山翠雀花 图1
Delphinium huashanicum W.T.Wang,sp. nov.Fig.1
(Sect.Delphinastrum DC.subsect.Grandiflora W.T.Wang)
Ob caules simplices,folia basalia nonnulla praescentia 3-secta,inflorescentias racemosas,sepala calcari sepalino longiora species nova haec est affinis D.pseudothibetico W. T. Wang & M. J. Warnock,a quo caulibus et foliorum laminis utrinque puberulis,staminodiorum limbis suborbicularibus apice 2-lobulatis ventre albo-barbatis differt. In D. pseu⁃dothibetico,caules patule hispidi,foliorum laminae strigosae,et staminodiorum limbi obovati 2-lobati ventre flavo-barbati sunt.
Perennial herb,ca.55 cm tall.Stem near base 2 mm across,simple,densely retrorse-appressed-puberulous(with hairs 0.10-0.25 mm long),2-leaved.Basal leaves ca. 5,long petiolate;blades papery,cordate-pentagonal,1-4.5 cm × 1.6-7 cm,3-sect,central segment rhombic or narrow-rhombic,3-lobed to 3-parted,with lobes lobulate or dentate,lateral segments flabellate,unequally 2-parted,with lobes twice lobed and with ultimate lobes triangular or narrow-ovate;surfaces adaxially and abaxially densely minutely puberulous(with hairs less than 1 mm long);petioles 6-19 cm long. Cauline leaves similar to basal ones;lower cauline leaf with petiole 4 cm long and blade 3 cm broad;upper cauline leaf subsessile,with blade 3 cm broad. Raceme terminal,ca. 22 cm long,8-flowered;basal bract with petiole 2 mm long,and with blade 2 mm × 2 mm,3-sect,with lobers linear,puberulous,other bracts sessile,lanceolate-linear or narrow-linear,2.5-3 mm × 0.2-0.5 mm,puberulous,undivided or near apex 1-lobulate;pedicels 1.5-4 cm long,densely puberulous,below or above 2-bracteolate;bracteoles alternate,linear,2-2.5 mm×0.3 mm,puberulous.Flower:Sepals blue,adaxially glabrous,abaxially sparsely puberulous,upper sepal broad-ovate,14 mm × 10 mm,spur subulate,near apex slightly recurved,12-14 mm long,at base 3-3.5 mm across,densely puberulous,lateral sepals elliptic,16 mm × 8 mm,lower sepals obovate or narrow-obovate,12-14 mm ×5-7 mm. Petals 2,yellowish,glabrous,apex obtuse.Staminodes 2;limbs along margin blue,else-where white,suborbicular,ca. 7.0 mm × 6.2 mm,on apex 2-lobulate,on the middle densely and long whitebarbate;claws white,5.5 mm long,at base minutely 1-appendiculate. Stamens ca. 25,glabrous;anthers dark-blue or brown,broad-elliptic,1 mm × 0.5-0.6 mm;filaments white,5-6 mm long,below lanceolate-linear,above filiform.Carpels 3;ovaries narrowoblong,2.5 mm×0.8 mm,densely appressed-puberulous;styles 1.5-1.8 mm long,glabrous.
陕西(Shaanxi):华阴市(Huayin Shi),华山,青柯坪之下,山坡(Hua Shan,below Qingkeping,on slope),1952-09-22,王献溥(X.P.Wang)20564(Ho⁃lotype,PE,标本条形码号01566868)。
本种的茎不分枝,具数枚3 全裂基生叶,花序总状,萼片比萼距稍长,因此也与具上述形态特征的拟澜沧翠雀花(D.pseudothibeticum W.T.Wang &M.J.Warnock)有相近的亲缘关系;与后者的区别在于本种的茎和叶片两面均被短柔毛,退化雄蕊瓣片近圆形,顶端2 微裂,腹面被白色髯毛。在拟澜沧翠雀花,茎被开展糙硬毛,叶片两面均被糙伏毛,退化雄蕊瓣片倒卵形,2 浅裂,腹面被黄色髯毛。[1]