掌握优美句式，提升续写质量

杜小兰　杨亚欣

要提高读后续写的语言表达能力，仅仅强调词汇和语法学习是远远不够的。我们除了掌握读后续写常用的一些词语外，在平时的学习中还要注意积累一些常用句式，并晨读背诵、默写、仿写，最后做到运用自如。以下是笔者积累的一句常用句子，供同学们熟读仿写。

一、with复合结构

结构：with + 宾语 +补语（形容词、介词短语、非谓语动词）

例句：Feeling ashamed， I hugged my father with tears of regret welling in my eyes. 感到非常羞愧，我眼睛里充满了眼泪，拥抱我的爸爸。（well u.涌出）

With his head lowered， he floated in an ocean of despair. 他垂下头，沉浸在绝望中无法自拔。（despair n.绝望）

She quickly brought me some solid food and then led us to the back of their truck with loads of fruits in it. 她迅速给我一些固体食物，然后把我们带到卡车后面，卡车上装满了水果。

二、分词结构

句型1：句子，分词短语

例句：My mother told Harry off， fuming with rage. 冒著怒火，我母亲把Harry训斥了一顿。（fume vi.发怒）

句型2：分词短语，句子

例句：Hearing the good news， I felt a keen sense of joy which I had never experienced before. 听到这个好消息，我感受到一种从未体验过的极致快乐。

三、独立主格结构

句型1：独立主语+分词，句子

例句：The Spring Festival approaching， Chinese people are occupied with various of preparation work.春节快到了，人们忙于各种各样的春节前的准备工作。

句型2：句子，独立主语+分词

例句：My heart ached， tears streaming down my cheeks. 我感到心痛，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。

四、As引导的时间和让步状语从句

句型1：As引导的时间状语从句

例句1：As she was struggling about what to wear， she spotted a red summer dress， which she wore that night in Barcelona. 当她在挣扎着该穿什么衣服时，她看到了一条红色的夏裙，在巴塞罗纳的那个晚上，她就是穿着这条裙子。

句型2. As引导的让步状语从句

例句1：Filled with her favorite dishes as the menu was， yet she had no appetite for anything at all. 尽管菜单上都是她最喜欢的菜肴，但是她一点胃口也没有。

五、On+doing（=As soon as...） 一……就……

例句1：On seeing my parents coming back（=As soon as my parents came back）， I told them that a fox must have caught Timothy， running away. 一看到父母回来，我就告诉他们一定是一只狐狸抓走了蒂莫西，逃跑了。

六、非限制性定语从句

句型：主句，which /who引导的非限制性定语从句

例句：Even after so many years， the sight of my fathers back is still deeply engraved（刻）in my mind， which always reminds me that honesty is what I can never give up. 即使过了很多年，我爸爸的背影依然刻在我的脑海里，这让我觉得诚实是我永远不能放弃的东西。

七、倒装句

句型1：so +adj. /adv. 位于句首的部分倒装句

例句：So ashamed was he that he could feel the blood rush to his face. 他感到如此惭愧以致到满脸通红。

句型2：否定词开头的部分倒装句

例句：Never had I felt so frightened that I held my breath， with my mind blank. 我从来没有如此恐惧，以致于我屏住呼吸了，头脑一片空白。

句型3：only +状语开头的部分倒装句

例句：Only then did Jack realize that Mark was teaching him an important lesson in a gentle and wise way.直到那时，Jack才意识到Mark正以一种温柔睿智的方式教给他人生的重要一课。

句型4：not only ... but also ... 连接两个句子时，前句的部分倒装

例句：Not only can I obtain more information about traditional culture but also have a better understanding of our country through the courses. 通过这些课程，我不仅能获得更多传统文化信息，也能更好地了解我们的国家。

句型5：地点状语置于句首时的部分倒装

例句：Inside the grand building was an exhibition of the most advanced technology of the 21st century. 这栋高大的建筑物里展出了21世纪的最先进的技术。

八、强调句

句型：It is /was +被强调部分+ that + 句子的其余部分

例句1：It was then that I realized how disappointed my mother was at our behaviour. 正是在那时候，我才意识到妈妈对我们是多么的失望。

例句2：It was because of her inspiration that he determined to spare no efforts to study hard and become a respectable and considerate teacher like Mark. 正是因为她的鼓励，他才下决心竭尽全力学习，努力成为一名像Mark一样受人尊重，细心体贴的好老师。

仿写

请根据汉语提示，运用上述句型写出相应的英语表达。

一、独立主格结构

1. 呼吸中透出沮丧和害怕，冰冷的水像针一样穿透我的皮肤，我迫不接待地想自己爬出寒冷的冰窟。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

二、非谓语结构

2. 看见Mark把手伸进每一个人的口袋里，失望和恐慌像汹涌的海浪般拍打Jack的脸颊。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. 听到这个消息，她悲伤得失去知觉，不能开口说话。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

三、With伴随结构

4. 双眼全是泪水，我启动车，我想我将永远不会忘记这次援助，将来一定尽力帮助有需要救助的人。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

四、As引导的状语从句。

5. 当她猜想时，心里布满了某种震惊和失望。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

五、On+doing句式

6. 听到这首曲子，他情绪高昂，好像站在世界之巅。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

六、非限制性定語从句

7. 他几乎不受控制地走向这位穿着浅绿色套装，衣服上嵌着玫瑰的女士。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

七、倒装句

8. 尽管很累，但因为所有辛勤的劳动都得到了回报，所以我们感到很快乐。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. 令我惊讶的是，袋子里装着我刚才给那位母亲的20美元。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

八、强调句

10. 有时候正是小小的善举，给别人带来巨大的影响，让这个世界更美好。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. 正是这个年轻女孩精彩的表演博得了满堂喝彩。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. 正是这个池塘使我意识到有时候我们应该第一时间向他人说“不”。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

1. Dismay and scare beat me out of breath， icy water pierced my skin with needle-like chill， I was anxious to climb out by myself.（dismay气馁; pierce穿透;chill寒冷）

2. Spotting Mark reached his hand to everyones pocket， despair and panic swept through Jack like a fierce wave.

3. Upon hearing the bad news， she， numb with grief， had difficulty in speaking.（numb失去知觉的;grief悲伤）

4. With tears in my eyes， I started a car， thinking that I would never forget such an aid and determined to offer a hand to whoever needed help in the future.

5. As she imagined， some kind of shock and disappointment spread through her heart.

6. On hearing the song， he was in high spirits， and felt like being on the top of the world.

7. Almost uncontrollably he made his way to the woman， who was wearing a rose in her pale green suit.

8. Tired as we were， we felt delighted as all the hard work paid off.

9. To my surprise， inside the bag was the $20 bill I gave to the mother just now.

10. Sometimes， it is even a small act of kindness that can make a great difference to others， which makes the world better.

11. It was the young girls wonderful performance that brought the house down.

12. It was the pond that made me understand at times we should say“NO”to others in the first place.

責任编辑 蒋小青