佳木斯市艾滋病抗病毒治疗患者生存率及影响因素分析

胡俊华 胡艳秋 许红霞 周迪

[关键词] 艾滋病;抗病毒治疗;生存率;影响因素

[中图分类号] R512.9          [文献标识码] A          [文章編号] 1673-9701（2021）19-0010-04

Analysis of survival rate and influencing factors of AIDS patients treated with antiviral therapy in Jiamusi City

HU Junhua1   HU Yanqiu2   XU Hongxia1   ZHOU Di1

1.Department of Quality Management， Jiamusi Center for Disease Control and Prevention， Jiamusi   154007， China; 2.School of Pharmacy， Jiamusi University， Jiamusi   154007， China

[Abstract] Objective To understand the survival rate of HIV/AIDS patients （HIV/AIDS） treated with antiretroviral therapy（HAART） in Jiamusi City and analyze the influencing factors. Methods A retrospective cohort study was used to collect general data of HIV/AIDS HAART patients admitted to Jiamusi Center for Disease Control and Prevention from June 2009 to July 2019 through the "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System". The survival rate was calculated using the life table method. The multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the factors affecting survival time. Results A total of 1986 HIV/AIDS HAART patients were enrolled， of which 48 died of HIV/AIDS-related diseases （2.42%）. The 1， 3， 5， and 10-year cumulative survival rates of HIV/AIDS HAART were 98.44%，97.84%，97.47%， 96.29%， respectively. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model analysis results showed that blood-infected HIV （HR=3.125）， age 30～（HR=4.518） at the start of treatment， age 50～（HR=15.897）at the beginning of treatment， HIV/AIDS HAART patients with missed medication （HR=5.647） were at greater risk of death. The HIV/AIDS HAART patients with high school education and above（HR=0.264）， baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte count>350/μL （HR=0.183） had a lower risk of death. Conclusion From June 2009 to July 2019， the survival rate of HIV/AIDS HAART patients in Jiamusi City is relatively high. Blood infection，older age at HAART，and missed medication are risk factors for the survival of HIV/AIDS HAART patients. High school education and above， baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte count>350/μL are protective factors for the survival of HIV/AIDS HAART patients.

[Key words] AIDS; Antiviral therapy; Survival rate; Influencing factors

流行现状显示，截至2017年底，全球现存活艾滋病病毒感染和艾滋病患者（Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome，HIV/AIDS）病例数约为3 690万，当年新发感染者达180万例，为全球重大公共卫生问题之一[1-2]。当前，高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（Highly active antiretroviral therapy，HAART）能够明显抑制HIV病毒复制，减缓患者疾病进展，降低病死率，延长生存时间[3-4]。但因不同地区间医疗实力存在差异及个体差异，HIV/AIDS HAART患者的生存率不尽相同，且关于佳木斯市HIV/AIDS接受HAART者的生存状况如何，尚未见报道。据此，本研究拟对佳木斯市2009年6月至2019年7月开始接受HAART的HIV/AIDS患者的生存状况进行研究，并探索分析其影响因素，为该地区制订针对性的防治措施提供依据，现报道如下。