选择性必修1第1单元同步检测题

彭荣华

第一部分：听力部分 （15分）

第一节：

听下面五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A， B， C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（5分）

1. Whats the probable relationship between the speakers？

A. Doctor and patient.        B. Teacher and student.            C. Shop assistant and customer.

2. Where will the woman go for her holiday？

A. Mountain.                  B. Building.                     C. Beach.

3. What does the woman want to buy for her birthday party？

A. Dress.                           B. Shoes.                            C. Cake.

4. How does the man go to the train station？

A. By motorbike.             B. By car.                      C. By bike.

5. When will the man be home？

A. At 10：00.                       B. At 11：30.                  C. At 12：00.

第二節：

听下面两段对话，每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A， B， C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（5分）

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Whats the job of the man？

A. He is a conductor.         B. He is a taxi driver.         C. He is a bus driver.

7. How long does it take to get to the Grand Hotel？

A. Less than 30 minutes.     B. More than 30 minutes.   C. 30 minutes.

听第7段材料，回答第8—10题。

8. What kind of business does the man want to start？

A. A coffee shop.             B. A fruit shop.               C. A shoe shop.

9. Where did the man find the information about his future business？

A. On the Internet.            B. From a magazine.         C. From a newspaper.

10. Why is the man thinking of buying a business thats already operating？

A. Its in good condition.  B. It can save money and time.  C. Its in a good location.

第三節：

听下面一段材料，将第11—15题的信息补充完整，每小题不多于3个单词。（5分）

[Who is Sue Walter？ She is a _11_ in court and a _12_.     What is Sues suggestion for people with difficulties？      _13_.    In Sues eyes， what is the best part about her job？  _14_ in decision-making. What does Sue think happiness is？     _15_.    ]

第二部分：笔试部分 （135分）

I. 单词填空：用所给单词的正确形式填空。（10分）

1. Tu Youyou was ____ （award） for her discovery of artemisinin.

2. Huang Danian ____ （commit） himself to his research in geophysics.

3. Lu Xun ____ （acknowledge） as one of the greatest modern writers in China.

4. The writer has become one of the greatest ____ （novel） in the world.

5. ____ （apparent）， it is impossible for her to finish the task in such a short time.

6. He always puts many of his ____ （theory） into practice in society.

7. Apart from his remarkable ____ （achieve）， the text tells us about Einsteins life.

8. It is not easy for him to make a ____ （distinct） between the two flowers.

9. With the ____ （object） of discovering a new cure for this disease， a team was formed.

10. A genius for invention， Thomas Edison obtained scores of ____ （patent）.

II. 短语填空：选用方框中所给短语的正确形式完成句子。（10分）

[come to power， be quite distinct from， in conclusion， throw light on，

play a key role， wear and tear， sum up， lead to， take up， commitment to]

1. When the new ruler ____， he made peace with all his former enemies.

2. Mr. Smith left a career in teaching to ____ a position with the Arts Council.

3. As far as Im concerned， rock music ____ North American jazz or blues.

4. Apart from fair ____， the car is in excellent condition.

5. The new system may be more economic but will ____ a decline in programme quality.

6. ____， parents have to change some of their belief about how children should be raised.

7. She doesnt want to make a big emotional ____ Steve at the moment.

8. Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation ____ how children learn.

9. Mei Lanfang ____ in bringing Beijing Opera to the world， leading to the international status.

10. The teacher asked us to ____ the main point of the lesson in three sentences.

III. 語法练习：选用who， whose， whom， which， when， where适当填空。（10分）

1. He drew on his life experiences to write this famous novel， ____ was published after his death.

2. These principles were inspired by Lincoln， ____ he admired， and were developed.

3. When he was travelling overseas， ____ he went to find support for his country.

4. Einstein， ____ was Jewish， found the doors of academic institutions closed to him.

5. That same year， ____ was recorded as a miracle year in science， he published 4 physics papers.

6. Afterwards， Einstein had to flee Germany， ____ Hitler came into power.

7. There is nothing we can do to help Linda， ____ circumstances are beyond our control.

8. This is an exciting moment for us， ____ our astronauts successfully landed on Mars.

9. That was the hardest time for our family， ____ there were seven brothers and sisters.

10. He is the first to win such a big prize， ____ father was out of work at that time.

IV. 阅读理解。（30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

The Shearer

By Pat Ritter

Price： $2.79. Words： 37，370. Language： Australian English. Published： January 7， 2014.

In 1891， Australian history changed forever because of “The Great Shearers Strike of 1891” when shearers from across the country went on strike for better working conditions and wages. Joy Ray was one of those shearers. This is his history.

The Invisible Boy

By Daniel Glasser

Price： $0.99. Words： 5，240. Language： English. Published： January 7， 2014.

The Invisible Boy is an action adventure story about Jeffrey Mach， a high scholar who tries to save the world from the Evil Power Group， led by the Shadow Keeper. Jeffrey must pass three tests to get the power he needs to face the enemy. Will Jeffrey succeed？

Long Way to Dodge

By Bryan Davidson

Price： $2.89. Words： 85，570. Language： American English. Published： January 6， 2014.

22-year-old Thomas Bertram wants nothing more than to get home to Mississippi. With a lot of open country to cross， two children to look after， Indians and outlaws （歹徒） on their trail， and a price on his hand put there by someone from his hometown， his chances on reaching his destination arent looking too good.

Pirates of the Storm

By Fletcher Best

Price： Free. Words： 70，540. Language： English. Published： January 10， 2014.

Jeff Greene is enjoying his vacation on the Western Caribbean island of Roatan when a strange storm transports him back in time to the 17th century. Jeff takes up with a band of pirates led by the infamous Captain John Coxen as he searches for a way back to his own time in this roller-coaster ride of high seas adventure， bloody fighting， secret romance， and mysterious forces of nature.

1. In The Invisible Boy， Jeffrey Mach is described as a boy ____.

A. of unusual courage                         B. with much experience

C. of great honesty                            D. with excellent leadership

2. Pirates of the Storm is different from other books in that ____.

A. it uses a special painting technology        B. its written in a different language

C. people can get it free of charge            D. its published earlier than the other books

3. To achieve his goal， Thomas Bertram has to ____.

A. overcome many difficulties                  B. make use of the forces of nature

C. seek help from another person             D. discover one secret after another by himself

B

Oscar Wrigley， a two-year-old child with the same IQ as Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking， has become the youngest boy in Britain to be accepted into Mensa.

A leader at the Gifted Childrens Information Centre said Oscar， with an IQ of at least 160， is one of the brightest children they have ever come across.

Oscars father Joe， 29， an IT specialist， said， “He is always asking questions. Every parent likes to think their child is special but we knew there was something very unusual about Oscar. Im fully expecting the day to come when he turns around and tells me Im an idiot.”

Mother Hannah， 26， told The Daily Mail， “He surprises everyone. We knew at 12 weeks he was quite bright. He was unusually quick in mind. The other day he said to me， ‘Mummy， sausages are like a party in my mouth. His vocabulary is surprising. Hes able to make complex sentences.”

Dr Peter Congdon， who tested Oscar， said he was a “child of very superior intelligence （超常智力）”. He showed outstanding ability. “Oscar shows a great gift. Changing that gift to success is the challenge for his parents and we are pleased that they have chosen to join Mensa Club for support，” he said. Exactly speaking， Oscar was accepted at the age of two years， five months and 11 days.

The youngest British girl to join Mensa is Elise Tan Roberts， from Edmonton， North London， at two years， four months and 14 days， with an IQ of 156.

4. Why was Oscar Wrigley accepted into Mensa？

A. Because he is cleverer than Albert Einstein.

B. Because he has very superior intelligence.

C. Because he is the brightest child in Britain.

D. Because his father is an IT specialist of Mensa.

5. We can infer Mensa is probably the name of ____.

A. the cleverest boy in the world

B. the brightest adult in Britain

C. a club for people with superior intelligence

D. a family with superior intelligence

6. According to the passage， its not easy for his parents to ____.

A. change his gift to success                    B. answer his questions

C. test his gift                                   D. know him well

7. The main purpose of the passage is to ____.

A. tell us a family with the cleverest child

B. give us some ways to have the same IQ as Albert Einstein

C. explain how Oscar becomes a clever child

D. tell us a boy with the same IQ as Albert Einstein

C

The year 2019 began with two pieces of exciting space exploration news. On Jan. 3， China landed a spacecraft， Change-4， on the moons far side—the side we cant see from Earth—for the first time in human history. And according to a report published on Jan. 9 in Nature， scientists from the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment （CHIME） detected repeated radio signals from a galaxy 1.5 billion light years away， possibly sent by intelligent aliens.

However， whats even more exciting than the news is the fact that whenever speaking of space exploration， we forget our political and cultural differences—the things that so obsess us.

“When you go into space， you become part of this overall collective called ‘Humanity， ” Ken Liu， Chinese American sci-fi writer and translator， told Quartz website. “Youre no longer Chinese， American， Russian... Your culture is left behind. Youre now just ‘Humanity with a capital ‘H. ”

This magic has worked all the way along our journey into space. When US astronaut Neil Armstrong（1930-2012） became the first human to set foot on the moon in 1969， for example， he told the world： “Thats one small step for a man， one giant leap for mankind.” Now， with Change-4 touching down on new moon territory， Chinas aim is to help scientists from around the world find out more about Earths only satellite. And with the discovery of the CHIME astronauts， were one step closer to answering a common question in science： “Are humans alone in the universe？”

Its true that we are a curious species. But instead of being curious about the “unknown”， perhaps were really more eager to “push further” our own human “boundaries” and “limits”.

8. Which of the following is the discovery of the CHIME scientists？

A. A galaxy with intelligent aliens.

B. Repeated radio signals sent by intelligent aliens.

C. Repeated radio signals from a distant galaxy.

D. Radio signals from a galaxy several years ago.

9. Why does the author quote Ken Lius words？

A. To introduce the famous writer， Ken Liu.

B. To show that in space we are just humanity.

C. To emphasize that culture is not important.

D. To introduce the things that obsess us very much.

10. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 6？

A. Further confirm his opinion.                B. Add some background information.

C. Summarize the previous paragraphs.            D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.

11. Whats the main idea of the text？

A. China takes the lead in space exploration.

B. Humans are not alone in the universe.

C. Space exploration is a common cause of mankind.

D. Humans desire to push the boundaries of scientific limits.

D

The world has lost one of its brightest stars. British physicist Stephen Hawking dies on March 14， 2018， at the age of 76.

Hawking is probably the worlds most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He is an expert on black holes and the Big Bang Theory. He has devoted his whole life to digging into the beginning （and the end） of the universe. His 1988 book A Brief History of Time， which contains his understanding of the universe， is one of the biggest-selling science books of all time.

“My goal is simple，” Hawking once said. “It is to completely understand the universe， why it is as it is and why it is there at all.”

Hawkings achievements are even greater if you think about his disability. When he was 21， Hawking caught a bad illness that slowly stopped him from moving or talking. For a period of time， he had no way to communicate except by blinking （眨眼）. Later he sat on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate， he moved two fingers to control the computers mouse. He selected his words from the screen， which were then spoken by a voice synthesizer （語音合成器）.

“I have had the disease for most of my life，” Hawking once said. “Yet it has not stopped me from being successful at my work.”

Though Hawking was a disabled man， he made great achievements. He received many awards and prizes for his work during his lifetime. This included winning the Albert Einstein Award， which stands for the highest achievement in theoretical physics.

Despite the fact that hes no longer with us， his legacy will surely live on. As Sajid Javid， a UK government minister， put it， “A brief history on Earth; an eternity in the stars.”

12. What is the black holes and the Big Bang Theory about？

A. The physics.      B. The stars.        C. The universe.           D. The time.

13. What does the underlined pronoun “it” in the third paragraph refer to？

A. The universe.           B. The earth.        C. The goal.                D. The black hole.

14. According to the text， which of the following statements is TRUE？

A. Hawking received many awards and prizes except the Albert Einstein Award.

B. The illness kept him from moving and talking.

C. He communicated with others by speaking.

D. The illness stopped him from being successful.

15. What can we know about Hawking from Sajid Javids words？

A. The history of the earth is too short.

B. The stars in the universe are eternal.

C. His book A Brief History of Time is too short.

D. His spirit and achievements will live on forever.

V. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（10分）

Last week the electricity in my flat went out. _1_ My typical evening is spent watching TV and scrolling （滚动） through social media. That night this wasnt possible. My roommate and I werent prepared with candles and matches. We just rely on electricity.

So for me it was an early night. _2_ That night， losing our electricity felt like losing a basic necessity， as basic as running water. But really， electricity is a luxury that weve grown to take for granted. I use electricity all the time， even when its not really necessary. _3_ And as Im writing this， I have my lights on， even in the middle of the day when I dont really need them.

_4_ It contributes to global warming. It is harming our environment and we need to do what we can to stop it. Not only that， but if we continue to use the same large amount of energy， we will soon run out of it.

How would we survive in a world without electricity？ Our daily lives go around it. We wouldnt be able to function. _5_ So， shouldnt we start preparing for it now？ Cutting down on our use of electricity would save energy resources so that they could last for longer. And if everyone does it， we can make a big difference.

A. Yet we know one day we will run out of it.

B. Our overuse of electricity is a big problem.

C. This left me in complete darkness the whole night.

D. It is a real problem to cut down on the use of electricity.

E. I know for sure I could cut down on my use of electricity.

F. I couldnt help but think， do we rely too much on electricity？

G. I turn on the TV in the background even when Im not watching it.

VI. 完形填空。（20分）

閱读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I recently heard a story about a famous research scientist who had made several very important medical breakthroughs. What set him so far apart from others？

He _1_ that， in his opinion， it all came from an _2_ from his mother that happened when he was about 2 years old. He had been trying to _3_ a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he lost his _4_ on the slippery bottle and it _5_， making its contents pouring all over the kitchen floor.

When his mother came into the kitchen， instead of _6_ at him， giving him a lecture， or punishing him， she said， “Robert， what a _7_ and wonderful mess you have made！ I have _8_ seen such a huge pool of milk. Well， the damage has already been done. Would you like to _9_down and play in the milk for a few minutes _10_ we clean it up？”

Indeed， he did. After a few minutes， his mother said， “You know， Robert， _11_ you make a mess like this， you have to clean it up at last and _12_ everything to its proper order. So， how would you like to do that？ We could use a sponge （海绵）， a towel， or a mop. Which do you _13_？” He chose the sponge and together they _14_ the milk.

His mother then said， “You know， what happened just now is a _15_ experiment in how effectively to carry a big milk bottle with two _16_ hands. Lets go out in the backyard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can _17_ a way to carry it without dropping it.” The little boy _18_ that if he held the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands， he could carry it without dropping it.

This scientist then _19_ that it was at that moment that he knew he didnt need to be afraid to make _20_. Wouldnt it be great if all parents would respond the way Roberts mother responded to him？

1. A. added                B. advised             C. responded               D. commented

2. A. experience      B. accident       C. experiment       D. inspiration

3. A. send                 B. cool                C. bring              D. remove

4. A. hold                  B. control              C. balance           D. way

5. A. fell                    B. rolled                     C. turned                   D. burst

6. A. crying                 B. staring                   C. shouting            D. laughing

7. A. powerful                  B. great               C. touching            D. moving

8. A. shortly           B. always         C. already          D. rarely

9. A. put                        B. get                  C. take                    D. lie

10. A. when                B. until           C. before                   D. after

11. A. however            B. whatever      C. wherever           D. whenever

12. A. recover                  B. restore                   C. recollect            D. replace

13. A. like                 B. prefer         C. take                D. decide

14. A. cleaned up          B. swept off           C. sucked out              D. took apart

15. A. finished                  B. shared                   C. failed               D. valued

16. A. tiny                 B. clever                    C. smooth          D. wet

17. A. invent                    B. discover        C. imagine           D. make

18. A. knew           B. thought             C. convinced               D. learned

19. A. argued                   B. sensed                   C. remarked           D. criticized

20. A. mistakes            B. faults               C. decisions                D. differences

VII. 语法填空。（10分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

On May 18， it was announced that China _1_ （achieve） success in drilling fire ice， a frozen mixture of water and natural gas， from the South China Sea. _2_ （official） known as methane hydrates （甲烷水合物）， fire ice produces a high amount of energy when it is burnt and its chemical reaction produces nothing but dioxide and water.

Fire ice， both clean and energy-intensive， _3_ （consider） the fuel of the future. But， the Chinese team succeeded in _4_ （extract） fire ice for nearly eight successive days， which is a big breakthrough. However， it is too early _5_ （say） a new energy source has been found. The worlds total fire ice reserve is about 21，000 trillion cubic meters， _6_， if extracted， could meet the worlds energy need for 1，000 years. But the _7_ （success） test drilling of fire ice does not mean it can be extracted for _8_ （industry） use. China has to solve many problems _9_ it can use fire ice as a source of energy.

Its thought that only by 2025 at _10_ earliest might people be able to look at realistic commercial options.

VIII. 短文改错。（10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I am fond the summer holiday. Last summer， I go to Hawaii for my holiday. I often had a walk along the beach after the supper or had a swim in the afternoon. They sky was blue， and the air was fresher. Whenever you went， you could saw the green trees and the colorful flowers. The food in Hawaii was delicious and the people was friendly， too. The holiday was really wonder. I will never forget the days when I spent in Hawaii. I enjoy travel across the world. I hope I can meet different people and visit different place of interest some day in the future.

IX. 書面表达。（25分）

假如你参加驻英国大使馆（Embassy of China in the UK）举办的“科学周”活动，请你写一篇英语短文，向英国当地人进行报道。内容包括以下要点：

1. 活动目的和意义;

2. 内容（列举一至两个科学家）;

3. 你的看法。

注意：词数100左右，短文可适当增加细节内容，使行文连贯。