反身代词用法讲解

王化清

反身代词又称自身代词，它是一种表示反射或强调的代词。它由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称代词宾格词尾加self或selves构成：

单数 myself yourself himself herself itself

复数 ourselves yourselves themselves

一、作及物动词或介词的宾语，表示动作返回到主语本身。如：

I want to build myself a country house. 我想给自己建一座乡间别墅。

You should take good care of yourselves. 你们应该照顾好你们自己。

但在表示位置的一些介词之后常用代词宾格代替反身代词。如：

I looked around me. 我环顾四周。

He closed the door after him. 他随手关上了门。

二、作主语或宾语的同位语，常置于与之同位的词后面，也可在句末。如：

I myself opened the windows. / I opened the windows myself. 我自己开的窗。

Do you see the teacher himself？你見到老师本人了？

三、反身代词有时可以用作主语或表语。如：

Both my sister and myself wanted to go and work there. 我妹妹和我自己都想去那儿工作。

That’s herself. 那就是她自己。

四、一般不用作定语。如：

那些是他们自己的自行车。

错误：Those are themselves bikes.

正确：Those are their own bikes.

Those are bikes of their own.

当one指人时，其相应的反身代词通常用oneself，在美国英语中也可用himself。如：

One should not live for oneself（himself）alone. 一个人不应该只为自己活着。

五、反身代词常和某些动词连用。如：enjoy，help，teach，learn，look after，hurt，dress等。

enjoy oneself玩得开心 have a good time玩得开心 help oneself to...（招待用语）随便吃……

teach oneself / learn by oneself自学…… look after oneself   照顾自己

hurt oneself伤着自己 dress oneself   自己穿衣服