Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications

词汇短语园地

1. contain  vt.  包含;包括;装有;容纳

The book contains twenty pictures.

这本书含有20幅图。

The classroom can contain 60 people.

这个教室可容纳60人。

比较：contain和include的区别

（1）contain侧重所含的量与成分。

The basket contains a variety of fruits.

这个篮子里装有各种水果。

This drink doesn’t contain any alcohol.

这种饮料不含任何酒精。

（2）include侧重于对比整体与部分，指某整体包含或容纳某部分。

The money I gave you included Xiao Zhang’s.

我给你的钱里包括了给小张的钱。

This dictionary is 100 yuan， postage included.

这本词典连邮费共一百元。

（3）include常以including（名词或代词前）或included（名词或代词后）的形式出现在短语中，用来举例、解释或补充说明。

There are ten of us here， including three girls.

= There are ten of us here， three girls included.

Everybody has something to say， me included.

= Everybody has something to say， including me.

2. design  vt. & n.  设计

The experiment is designed to test the new medicine.

实验的目的是试验新药。

Who designed the Water Cube？

谁设计了水立方？

This building is a bad design.

这栋楼是一个失败的设计。

design for  为……设计

be designed for/to do  专为……而做（设置）

by design  故意地;有意地

3. create  vt.  创造;发明

An artist should create beautiful things.

一名艺术家应该创造美丽的东西。

The government plans to create more jobs for young people.

政府计划为年轻人创造更多的就业机会。

比较：discover，create，invent和find的区别

discover指发现，发现的事物是本来存在但没人知道的;create指创造，创造新的事物;invent指发明，通过研究制造出从前没有的东西;find指找到、发现，强调找到某物的结果，不强调过程。

4. shorten  vt.  缩短

The days shorten in November in this country.

在这个国家，白天在十一月会变短。

Smoking can shorten your life.

吸烟会缩短你的寿命。

5. breakdown  n.  故障;失敗;（身体）垮掉

I don’t know how to deal with the network breakdown.

我不知道如何处理网络故障。

He couldn’t work after his breakdown.

他病倒以后，就不能工作了。

break down  出故障;坏掉;失败;垮掉;把……分成若干部分;分解

The machine has broken down.

这台机器出故障了。

Our car broke down on the motorway.

我们的汽车在高速公路上抛锚了。

Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.

双方谈判失败了。

Each lesson is broken down into several units.

每一课都分成几单元。

Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.

糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。

6. disadvantage  n.  不利因素;障碍;不便之处

There are disadvantages to the plan.

这个计划有诸多不利因素。

What is the disadvantage of using water power？

使用水能有何弊端？

常用搭配：

to one’s disadvantage  对某人不利

7. defence  n.  保护;防御;保卫

defence后接入侵者或造成危害者用against;若其后接被保护者用of。

A thick coat is a good defence against the cold.

一件厚外套足可以御寒。

People used to build strong walls round their towns as a defence against enemies.

人们从前在城镇四周修筑城墙来抵御敌人。

This fort was once the main defence of the island.

这座堡垒曾经是这个岛上的主要防御设施。

常用搭配：

in defence of  保卫……;为……辩护

They fought in defence of their country.

他们为保卫祖国而战。

Hundreds of people gave their lives in defence of freedom.

千百人为了自由献出了自己的生命。

8. average  adj.  平均的;一般的;普通的

（1）average表示“平均的”，通常只能放在名词前作定语，不用作表语，且没有比较级。

What was the average temperature yesterday？

昨天的平均气温是多少？

The average age of boys in this class is 15.

这个班男生的平均年龄为15岁。

（2）average表示“一般的;普通的”，可用作定语，也可用作表语。

He is just an average student.

他只是一个普通的学生。

There was nothing special about the film—it was only average.

这部电影没什么特别的，只是一部普通的电影。

average  n.  平均

above/below average  平均水平以上 / 以下

on （an/the） average  平均而言;根据平均标准

the average of  ……的平均数

an average of  （跟数词）平均有

注意：the average of作主语，谓语动词用单数，意为“……的平均数”;“an average of + 复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。

9. independent  adj.  独立的;有主见的;分开的

Mozambique became independent in 1975.

莫桑比克于1975年独立。

My elder sister has moved away from home and is now independent.

我姐姐已经搬出去住了，现在她独立了。

常用搭配：

be independent of  与……不相关的;不受……影响的

I am old enough to be independent of my parents.

我年纪足够大了，可以不依赖父母了。

10. consist of  由……組成

consist of常用整体作主语，表示“整体由部分组成”，引申为“包含有”，不能用于被动语态。

This necklace consists of gold and diamond.

这条项链由黄金和钻石组成。

The city consists of five districts.

这个城市有五个区。

11. as well  也

as well多用于口语中，语气较轻。通常用于肯定句或疑问句，一般不用于否定句，且通常放在句末。

I’ll come to London， and my sister will come as well.

我会来伦敦，我的妹妹也会来。

Are they coming as well？

他们也来吗？

12. concentrate on  聚精会神;集中思想

其后可直接接名词或动词-ing形式。

I can’t concentrate on my studies.

我无法集中精神学习。

Right now we should concentrate on doing some things for our plan.

现在我们应该集中精力为我们的计划做些事。

13. compared with  与……相比

Compared with our small apartment， our uncle’s house seemed like a palace.

跟我們的小公寓比起来，叔叔的房子就像宫殿。

How does life in Britain compared with life in the United States？

与美国的生活相比，英国的生活如何？

compare...to...  把……比作……

compare...with...  把……和……做比较

14. become/be known as  作为……而出名;叫作……;

被称为……

She was known as an excellent dancer.

她作为一名优秀的舞蹈家而闻名。

These chocolate bars are known as something else in the US.

这种巧克力棒在美国有别的叫法。

（1）be known for  因……而众所周知

He was known for his frankness.

他以坦率著称。

（2）be known to  为……所知

He’s known to the police because of his previous criminal record.

他因以前的犯罪记录而为警察所知。

15. go down  倒下;（船等）下沉，沉没，下降;

（将食物、饮料）吞下，咽下，喝下;（物价等）下跌;（温度等）下降;（日、月）落到地平线下，落下

She stripped and went down with a bump.

她绊了一下，重重地倒在地上。

The ship went down with all on board.

这条船连船带人都沉没了。

A glass of wine would go down very nicely.

能喝一杯葡萄酒就太痛快了。

The price of eggs is going down.

蛋价正在下降。

The color of the sky deepened as the sun went down.

夕阳西下，天空的颜色渐趋深暗。

16. come up with  提出;赶上

We weren’t able to come up with any new suggestions.

我们提不出任何新建议。

We came up with a group of tourists.

我们赶上了一群旅游者。

名言警句

The most important thing in communication is hearing what isn’t said. By Peter F. Drucker

与人沟通，最重要的是能听出言外之意。 ——彼得·F·德鲁克

跟踪导练（一）

阅读理解

A

All around the world， an increasing number of people are spending their time taking part in online volunteering projects. What encourages them to help strangers without expectation of money or even thanks？

Radha Taralekar helped teach Imelda how to protect herself from HIV， though the two have never met， and neither knows the other’s name. Taralekar received no payment for the job. For Taralekar， the project gave her the chance to use her professional experience. “I want to serve people with my medical knowledge，” she said. For some， the inspiration to volunteer online was far more personal. After losing his wife to cancer， Tony Selman spent many hours online helping Cancer Research to collect information on the illness. “Seeing how painful she was when my wife was dying， I decided to help scientists find a way to treat cancer，” he said.

Interests and hobbies are also one of the reasons. Sam Luk joined other online volunteers to try to help the police solve murder cases. The police posted them online， calling for volunteers to help them to make sense of the messages. “I am interested in this and I love Sherlock Holmes，” said Luk.

For writer Clay Shirky， some large online volunteering projects help millions of people， giving him a sense of achievement. He helps write Wikipedia， the world’s biggest encyclopedia （百科全書）， which is written by people willing to use their professional knowledge.

1. We can infer that Radha Taralekar may be a ___ .

A. teacher B. doctor

C. writer D. policewoman

2. Why did Tony Selman decide to help Cancer Research？

A. His wife died of cancer.

B. He had much time to spend online.

C. He saw many people die of cancer.

D. He was a member of Cancer Research.

3. Sam Luk volunteered to help the police because of ___ .

A. his interests and hobbies

B. a sense of achievement

C. the money in return

D. his duty of work

4. How many reasons are mentioned why people help strangers online？

A. Two. B. Three.

C. Four. D. Five.

B

You have probably heard the saying， “When life gives you lemons， make lemonade.” Since lemons are considered bitter and lemonade is considered sweet， the saying tells you to make the best out of a bad situation.

Unfortunately， when something bad happens， its not uncommon for most people to talk about it to anyone who’ll listen， and complain （抱怨） about life， “Why me？” That’s like getting a bag of lemons， putting them down， and thinking， “Lemons taste bad！ I’d rather have chocolate！” If you don’t make anything with the lemons， they will go bad. But what if you did something with them？ What if you made lemonade？ Isn’t it possible to do something similar with a bad situation？

Here’s an example. Let’s say you’re about to go to the movies， but you discover you have a flat tire （瘪胎）. You consider this a terrible thing. After all， you are really looking forward to spending some time with Ryan Gosling and Emma Stone. Now you’re all stressed out， hating the tire， the car， and your life. But what if you called AAA， got your tire fixed or got caught up on things that you’d been meaning to do？ What if you did some reading， or had coffee with a friend instead？ A negative experience can be turned into something positive. Almost everything can work itself out into something better. You can’t change what has happened. So make the best of it. I’m not saying it will be easy. The easy thing to do is complain about your bad situation and not consider what it could be turned into.

Next time when some unfortunate things happen， stop and think， “How can I turn this around？ How can I make it a positive experience？” You needn’t fear difficulties. As long as you keep on changing it， you will see the benefits at last.

5. What can we say about the saying in Paragraph 1？

A. It is encouraging. B. It is attractive.

C. It is negative. D. It is funny.

6. What do most people usually do when something bad happens？

A. Accept it. B. Complain about it.

C. Ask others for help. D. Find out the reasons.

7. The author uses the example of seeing a movie to tell us ___ .

A. how to deal with tire flat

B. it doesn’t matter to make mistakes

C. meeting film stars is a very exciting thing

D. how to turn something bad into something good

8. According to the text， what is the best way to deal with a bad situation？

A. Trying hard to solve it.

B. Laughing your way through it.

C. Thinking more about its benefits.

D. Turning it into a positive experience actively.

跟蹤导练（二）

完形填空

My daughter was three years old. She was going to a playschool， which had day boarding facilities （寄宿设施）. After ， the kids would sleep for 2 to 3 hours. So she was very  and active in the evening and always wanted to  till midnight. By that time， I was totally  after a whole day’s work in the office and at home.

One day， as usual she was not  to go to bed. She was crying aloud， “I want to play more. No  time now.” I held her in my arms and wiped her tears. She stopped crying. I told her， “If you  happily without crying， a beautiful  will come to you in your sleep.” While I was  the beauty of the angel， she lowered her  to my shoulder and she was asleep in a few minutes.

Many days passed. She still slept late， but  cried again while going to sleep.

One day， when coming back in the evening， I  she was feeling sleepy. Soon I cooked something for her and made her . That day， she slept early.

I went to the  and prepared the dinner. Then， I also thought of going to bed early. Suddenly I saw a  smile on her face. Soon， she started  quietly. That was very . Never had it happened like this. It lasted for a few . Soon she was deep in sleep.

The next morning she  early. Sitting up in bed， she called me， “Mama， an angel had come to me yesterday. She

me on my forehead and her face was just like yours.”

1. A. school B. class C. games D. lunch

2. A. small B. fresh C. clever D. strong

3. A. play B. read C. rest D. walk

4. A. pleased B. worried C. tired D. disappointed

5. A. patient B. full C. sure D. ready

6. A. washing B. sleeping C. drinking D. writing

7. A. sleep B. wait C. listen D. study

8. A. flower B. bird C. angel D. girl

9. A. sharing B. checking C. enjoying D. describing

10. A. hand B. head C. foot D. leg

11. A. never B. sometimes C. always D. often

12. A. heard B. noticed C. forgot D. hoped

13. A. run B. smile C. eat D. stand

14. A. window B. bed C. bathroom D. kitchen

15. A. sweet B. sad C. shy D. polite

16. A. thinking B. watching C. laughing D. moving

17. A. important B. special C. lucky D. difficult

18. A. seconds B. hours C. days D. weeks

19. A. set out B. came back C. got up D. sat down

20. A. struck B. felt C. hit D. kissed

語法填空

Are you facing a situation  makes you feel upset？ To be honest， I am.

I usually start the morning by checking the social networking website Facebook， only  （see） that I’ve already fallen behind. A workmate has written a new book. Two of my  （hero） have completed a big project. One of my old college friends has posted a video for an online program she  （take） at the moment. She looks  （success）， shiny and charming while I’m still in bed， bleary-eyed.

Am I really falling behind？ Did these people post any of these things to make me feel bad？

The answer is no. It’s  （terrible） easy to see social media as a reminder of all the things I’m not doing and dreams I’m not fulfilling. It is not a social problem but a comparison problem. All these years I  （learn） one thing： Don’t compare your insides  someone else’s outsides. You have no idea  it took for other people to get where they are. Don’t act like it was effortless or pure luck. It’s much  （easy） to look at someone “up there” and be curious about what they have than to be happy for them and make yours better.

1.                2.                3.                4.                5.

6.                7.                8.                9.                10.

跟踪导练（三）

阅读理解

A

Samuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall， England. He never studied the piano. However， he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago， he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata（奏鳴曲） by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.

Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly， his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable. They say his ability is very rare， but Samuel doesn’t even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents， but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now， he studies law and music.

Samuel can’t understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago， I suddenly decided to start playing the piano， without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me—I hear the note and can bear them in mind—each and every note，” says Samuel.

Recently， Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can’t play it. Samuel says confidently， “It’s all about super memory—I guess I have that gift.”

However， Samuel’s ability to remember things doesn’t stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy， Samuel heard someone read a story， and then he could retell the story word for word.

Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn’t know what he wants to do in the future. For now， he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.

1. What is special about Samuel Osmond？

A. He has a gift for writing music.

B. He can write down the note he hears.

C. He is a top student at a law school.

D. He can play the musical piece he hears.

2. What can we learn about Samuel from Paragraph 2？

A. He chose law against the wish of his parents.

B. He planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.

C. He thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.

D. He studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.

3. Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he ___ .

A. could play the piano without reading music

B. could play the guitar better than his father

C. received a good early education in music

D. played the guitar and the piano perfectly

4. What can be the best title for the text？

A. The Qualities of a Musician

B. The Story of a Musical Talent

C. The Importance of Early Education

D. The Relationship Between Memory and Music

B

Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse according to doctors. I feel there are a number of reasons for this.

Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded （包圍） by shops selling unhealthy， fatty foods， such as fried chicken and ice cream， at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were fewer of these restaurants， then probably children would buy less take-away food.

There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree with this， because good eating habits begin early in life， long before children start to visit fast food shops. If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food， or are always allowed to choose what they eat， they will go for sweet and salty foods every time， and this will carry on throughout their lives.

There is a third reason for this situation. Children these days take very little exercise. They do not walk to school. When they get home， they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computer games. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime （消遣）， it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food. What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.

The above are the main reasons for this problem， and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active， as well as steering them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.

5. What is the main reason for children’s overweight according to Paragraph 2？

A. They can’t choose what to eat.

B. They are too busy to go out and play.

C. Their parents often cook meals for them.

D. There are too many fast food shops around.

6. People may eat more unhealthy food if they often ___ .

A. take exercise

B. walk to school

C. watch television

D. have meals at home

7. What does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean？

A. Forcing. B. Guiding.

C. Driving. D. Moving.

8. What is the main purpose of the text？

A.To tell a story. B.To provide facts.

C. To give advice. D.To compare opinions.

跟蹤导练（四）

阅读七选五

The jobs of the future have not yet been invented.  By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.

1. Curiosity

Your children need to be deeply curious.  Ask kids， “What ingredients （配料） can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better？ What could we try next time？

2. Creativity

True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.  There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.

3. Personal skills

Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head， but what about others？ Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. “Why do you think she’s crying？” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？” “If someone were to do that to you， how would you feel？”

4. Self-expression

There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music， acting， drawing， building， photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.

A. Encourage kids to cook with you.

B. And we can’t forget science education.

C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.

D. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.

E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.

F. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist？

G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.

1.                  2.                  3.                  4.                  5.

完形填空

In a small village， there lived a potter （陶工） who had a donkey. Every day his donkey would carry soil from the field to his house. Because the 1 was quite far off， the potter would 2 under a tree midway， 3 his donkey nearby.

One day， the potter 4 to take the rope with which he tied the donkey every day. When he reached the 5 ， he thought， “How do I tie this donkey today？ He might run away if I 6 .” The potter decided to lie down holding the donkey’s 7 while sleeping.

But this way， neither the donkey nor the potter was able to take a rest. A saint （圣人）， who 8 to be passing by， saw the potter holding on to the donkey’s ears. When the potter told the saint what the 9 was， the saint said， “Take the donkey to the place where you tie him every day. 10 to tie him using an imaginary rope. I 11 you he won’t run away.” The potter did what the saint had said.

He left the donkey and went to take a nap. When he woke up， to his 12 and relief， he found the donkey standing in the 13 place.

Soon the potter prepared to leave for 14 . But the donkey didn’t 15 . “What is wrong with this donkey？！” 16 the potter in frustration.

17 ， the potter saw the wise saint again. He told him about the donkey’s 18 behavior. The saint said， “You tied up the donkey， but did you untie him？ Go and pretend to untie the rope.” The potter 19 the saint’s advice.

Now the donkey was ready to leave for home. The potter understood that his donkey was a bonded （被束縛的） donkey. He thanked the wise saint and went home 20 with his donkey.

1. A. distance B. tree C. field D. village

2. A. stand B. rest C. sing D. dance

3. A. training B. walking C. feeding D. tying

4. A. forgot B. decided C. wanted D. agreed

5. A. stone B. tree C. bridge D. house

6. A. work B. leave C. sleep D. stop

7. A. ears B. nose C. legs D. tail

8. A. failed B. tried C. happened D. managed

9. A. animal B. problem C. place D. result

10. A. Learn B. Consider C. Wish D. Pretend

11. A. promise B. believe C. warn D. remind

12. A. anger B. surprise C. regret D. interest

13. A. different B. special C. same D. wrong

14. A. home B. ground C. factory D. town

15. A. stand B. move C. run D. understand

16. A. laughed B. cheered C. replied D. cried

17. A. Similarly B. Luckily C. Finally D. Normally

18. A. funny B. foolish C. common D. strange

19. A. offered B. followed C. refused D. thanked

20. A. sadly B. bravely C. seriously D. happily

跟踪导练（五）

阅读理解

In order to help cope with the vast number of student questions in the online class， Knowledge-Based Artificial （人工的） Intelligence， Professor Goel developed an artificially intelligent teaching assistant. This online course is a core requirement of Georgia Tech’s online Master of Science in Computer Science program. Professor Goel already had eight teaching assistants， but that wasn’t enough to handle the vast number of daily questions from students.

Many students drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching support. When students feel isolated or confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered， their motivation to continue begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to do something to remedy this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson， which is based on the IBM Watson platform.

Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums. At first the virtual assistant wasn’t too great. But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all the 40，000 questions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. Then they began to fed Jill with the questions and answers. After some adjustment and ample （足夠的） time， Jill was able to answer the students’ questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn’t know she was a computer. The students who were studying artificial intelligence， were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn’t tell it from a real human being. Goel didn’t inform them about Jill’s true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.

The goal of Professor Goel’s virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the questions posed by students on the online forum. The name Jill Watson will， of course， change to something else next semester.

1. What do we learn about Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence？

A. It’s a robot that can answer students’ questions.

B. It’s a course designed for students to learn online.

C. It’s a computer program that aids student learning.

D. It’s a high-tech device that revolutionizes teaching.

2. What does the underlined word “remedy” in Paragraph 2 mean？

A. Explain. B. Improve. C. End. D. Fit.

3. What do we learn about Jill Watson？

A. She turned out to be a great success.

B. She was unwelcome to students at first.

C. She got along pretty well with students.

D. She was released online as an experiment.

4. What does Professor Goel plan to do next with Jill Watson？

A. Upgrade her intelligence to the level of top scientists.

B. Encourage students to interact with her more freely.

C. Assign her to answer more of students’ questions.

D. Launch different versions of her online.

阅读七选五

Five Ways to Stay Healthy in Winter

Feeling the cold？ The following tips can keep you active as the winter coldness comes.

If you train in the afternoon or evening， plan your day ahead so you don’t have to go home before visiting the gym. It’s really difficult to leave the house once you get home and become comfortable.

Make the most of every moment.

Look for ways to connect exercise with your activities. At lunch time， go for a 20-minute walk.  These breaks will warm you up and are a great way to refresh your mind and get you ready for a productive （高效的） afternoon.

Don’t let a cold cancel your habit.

If you do catch a cold， try gentler activities to keep good habits. Keeping your habit will make it easier to get back into your regular program.

Book an active midwinter escape.

A short trip to a sunny place can help you beat the winter blues and offer an excellent chance to get active as well. Try fun activities such as snorkelling or mountain biking. For those a little more daring， how about trying a cycling tour or hiking adventure？

Be positive.

Most important of all is to approach your winter exercise habit with a positive mind.  Winter is an ideal time to lose weight as your metabolism （新陳代谢） naturally speeds up to help keep you warm.

A. The possibilities are endless！

B. Go straight to the gym after work.

C. Make exercise part of your daily life.

D. Try a lunchtime boxing or yoga class.

E. Taking regular exercise in winter keeps you away from illness.

F. Illness is a common problem in keeping a winter exercise habit.

G. After all， there are some excellent advantages of exercising in winter.

1.                  2.                  3.                  4.                  5.

跟踪导练（六）

选词填空

用方框里单词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。有两个词是多余的。

compare definite defence permission short independent

invention contain average frequent design disadvantage

1. This library ____ a large number of books in foreign languages.

2. The computer is one of the most important ____ in the world.

3. You can’t take photos here without ____ .

4. The book ____ to be used in two ways.

5. The washing machine has two serious ____ .

6. He comes to visit me ____ ， usually three or four times a week.

7. A week ago you made a（n） ____ promise.

8. In China farming is no longer completely ___ on the weather.

9. My teacher asked me to ____ the report to one page.

10. I’m quite a patient person， ____ with him.

句子翻译

1. 委员会由十人组成。（consist of）

2. 油价正在下跌。（go down）

3. 开车时驾驶员的注意力要集中在路上。（concentrate on）

4. 人们都认为那是市内最危险的地段。（be known as）

5. 我想你错了。你应该拿出更好的想法。（come up with）

短文改错

Dear Editor，

Now many students have iPods and regard them as their most favorite. Use an iPod， we can listen to music， download a lot of learning materials and read it on the screen. Certainly， it is great help to our study， especially to our English listening.

Some students， however， bring their iPods to classroom and listen to music with earphones， which make the teacher and other students angrily. What’s bad， some of them even waste precious time in class play video games.

In my opinion， the classroom is a place that students should concentrate in study. What’s more， some rules should be made to guide the students to use iPods properly.

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

书面表达

假定你是李华，最近你的美国网友James写了封邮件和你讨论“不文明网络用语”的话题。请你就此给他回封邮件，内容包括：

1.简述现状及危害;

2.你的建议。

注意：

1.词数：100左右;

2.邮件的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

Dear James，

How are you going？ I miss you very much. I’m writing to you to talk about the uncivilized words used on Internet.           

Yours，

Li Hua

Father of World Wide Web

万维网之父

Tim Berners Lee is the man who wrote the software program that led to the foundation of the World Wide Web.

Britain played an important part in developing the first generation of computers. The parents of Tim Berners Lee both worked on one of the earliest commercial computers and talked about their work at home. As a child he would build models of computers from packaging material. After graduating from Oxford University he went on to the real thing. In the 1980s， scientists were already using a primitive version of email. While working at a laboratory in Switzerland Tim Berners Lee wrote a program which let him store these messages.

In 1990 he wrote the HTTP and HTML programs which form the basis of the World Wide Web.  The next year his programs were placed on to the Internet. Everyone was welcome to use them and improve them if they could. Programmers used his codes to work with different operating systems. New things like web browsers and search engines were developed. Between 1991 and 1994 the number of web pages rose from 10 to 100，000.

In 1994 Tim Berners Lee formed the newly formed World Wide Web Consortium or W3C. More than 200 leading companies and laboratories are represented by W3C. Together they make sure that everyone can participate equally on the Web.

蒂姆·伯納斯·李写的软件程序奠定了万维网的基础。

在发展第一代电脑中，英国发挥了重要作用。蒂姆·伯纳斯·李的父母都为最早的商业电脑公司工作，他们常在家里谈论工作。还是孩子的时候，蒂姆·伯纳斯·李就会用包装材料建立计算机模型;从牛津大学毕业后，他就开始真正着手关于电脑方面的东西。在20世纪80年代，科学家们已经使用了原始版本的电子邮件。当在瑞士一个实验室工作时，蒂姆·伯纳斯·李写了一个程序，有了这个程序他就能保存这些消息。

1990年，他写的超文本传送协议和超文本标记语言的程序构成了万维网的基础。第二年，他的程序被放置到互联网上，每个人都可以使用并能够改善这些程序。程序员使用他的编码在不同的操作系统上运行。网页浏览器和搜索引擎这类新事物被开发出来。在1991年到1994年，网页数量从10个上升到十万个。

1994年，蒂姆·伯纳斯·李成立了新的世界万维网联盟或称W3C。W3C代表200多家领先公司和实验室。他们共同确保每个人都能平等地参与网络。

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