英文内容提要

ABSTRACTS

01 The Post-COVID-19 Situation of the World and China’s Response,by Gao Fei,Vice President of China Foreign Affairs University,and professor at the Department of Diplomacy and Foreign Affairs Management,China Foreign Affairs University; and Wang Dong,doctoral student at the Department of Diplomacy and Foreign Affairs Management,China Foreign Affairs University.Currently,the world is amid “changes unseen in a century”,in which the trend of globalization is met with a counter current,the balance of international power is changing constantly,major-country game and geopolitical contest are intensifying,and global multilateral cooperation is facing severe challenges.The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide has magnified the existing contradictions in the international community,accelerated the evolution of “changes unseen in a century”,and exerted all-round impacts on the international political and economic order.In the post-COVID-19 era,competition and cooperation of multilateral cooperation mechanisms will be constantly strengthened,global hot spots will shift,the situation of strategic competition among major powers will change,both challenges and opportunities will take on new looks,and the international situation will become more complex.In responding to such a situation,China should maintain its strategic focus; correctly understand the changes,scientifically respond to the changes,and actively initiate changes; and seize and shape the period of strategic opportunities by turning disadvantages into advantages,seeking opportunities amid crises,and opening up a new situation in the changing situation.

18 A Retrospect and Prospect of Japan’s Policy on China in the Context of Biden’s Election,by Xu Wansheng,professor at Information Engineering University and Guest Researcher of CPDS;and Ding Haomiao,graduate student at Information Engineering University.Japan’s policy on China has always been influenced and restrained by the Japan-US alliance,American China policy,and the interactions among China,the US and Japan.During the Trump administration,the Japanese government took a limited cooperative stance on China’s Belt and Road Initiative,promoted the improvement of China-Japan relations through exchange of visits by heads of state among others,and both strategic autonomy and two-sidedness grew in Japan’s policy on China.After Biden came into off ice,the US will attach greater importance to relations with its allies,be concerned with global issues and incline to rejoin multilateral international cooperation,while emphasizing the leading role of American democratic values,and opposing f ierce tariff wars and full “decoupling”from China.As Japan’s foreign policy orientation overlaps more with Biden’s,mutual trust and coordination between Japan and the US will be strengthened,and Japan’s policy on China will also be linked with that of the United States.For this,Japan will attach more importance to institutional containment on China on the basis of its alliance with the United States or more vigorously hype up “China threat” and issues related with Hong Kong and Xinjiang among others,while adopting a more cautious attitude toward China to ensure the “safety of the industrial chain”.

37 The Participation of the SCO in Global Public Health Governance:Motivation,Dilemma and Path,by Dr.Zhang Xinping,professor,doctoral supervisor,and Dean of the School of Marxism,Lanzhou University; and Dai Jiawei,doctoral student at the School of Marxism,Lanzhou University.Since its expansion,the SCO has been active in participating in global governance,which has become a new trend of its development.The worldwide outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has exposed many defects in global public health governance at current stage,which calls urgently for cooperation under new ideas and thinking.Participation in global public health governance is the only way for the future development of the SCO.Cooperation on public health governance within the SCO has experienced the process from germination to maturity.Participation in global public health governance will be conducive for the SCO to cope with regional challenges in public health,build its international image,and offer new ideas and solutions for global public health governance.Meanwhile,institutional deficiencies of the SCO,politicization of public health issues,and insufficient global public health governance mechanisms have posed challenges to the participation of the SCO in global public health governance.Given this,in the process of participating in global public health governance,the SCO should emphasize agenda setting,improve its own institutional building,strengthen cooperation with the existing global governance mechanisms,and take the building of an“SCO community with a share future” as a starting point and goal.

57 Transformation of Russia’s National Security Concept in the Post-COVID-19 Era,by Dr.Zhang Jian,lecturer at the Department of Diplomacy and Foreign Affairs Management,China Foreign Affairs University.Faced with severe challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic,Russia’s national security concept has undergone a major transformation,which is demonstrated by its introduction of a series of new measures: actively responding to geo-security,emphasizing economic security,maintaining an international strategic balance,safeguarding its culture and values,and building a national biosecurity system among others,all of which are intended for coping with security risks and improving national governance capabilities.Through analyzing Russia’s national security concept,this paper expounds that this transformation is embodied in horizontal expansion and continuous enrichment of denotation,which has made Russia more conservative about security.The paper also looks into the causes that incite such a transformation from the perspectives of Russia’s strategic culture and political system,the impact of the epidemic,and Russia’s sense of threats.In the end,this paper evaluates the impacts of such a transformation upon the trilateral interactions between China,the US and Russia as well as on geopolitical landscape.In the post-COVID-19 era,Russia’s concepts on the world order and international cooperation that guide its foreign policy will feature in the main challenge,confrontation and seeking for cooperation.As a major military power of the world,Russia is likely to further expand the scope of its military operations,and its military actions outside its territorial boundaries deserve attention.

79 A Review of US-India Defense Trade and Technical Cooperationin the New Century,by Dr.Hu Erjie,lecturer at the College of International Studies,National University of Defense Technology.In the new century,with the development of US-India defense partnership,defense trade and technical cooperation between the two countries has seen rapid development,which has become one of the important areas of US-India security and defense cooperation.The continuous advance of such a cooperation is driven by their respective considerations on strategic,military and economic levels: the US is trying to work with India to contain China,facilitate “interoperability” of defense systems,and capture India’s defense market to rake in a fat prof it,while India is trying to leverage the US to address its security challenges,update the weaponry of its military forces,and build its own defense industry capacity to help realize its major power dream.As a result,the two sides have achieved strategic alignment and converging interests to a certain extent.Although such cooperation is fruitful,and the US has become a major source for India to attain advanced defense equipment and technology,there remain quite a few restraints that include India’s quest for strategic autonomy,differences in arms sale/procurement procedures of the two countries,and difficulties in implementing technical transfer,to mention just a few.Looking ahead,US-India defense trade and technical cooperation is expected to grow continuously amid disagreements.

94 A Retrospect of the Situation on the Korean Peninsular in 2020and Its Prospect,by Yang Xilian,senior advisor of CIISS.In 2020,the COVID-19 pandemic racked the Korean Peninsular,and both North and South Koreas adjusted their respective strategic orientations due to the Indo-Pacif ic strategy pursued by the Trump administration; the DPRK-US and DPRK-ROK dialogue mechanisms were at a standstill,and the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsular was frozen in a state of “dual suspension”; and relations between North and South Koreas remained largely calm without military conflicts,crises or positive progress.South Korea was committed to promoting “autonomous national defense”,seeking to improve military sovereignty,building a national defense against “all-dimensional security threats” and developing an external-oriented combat ideology,while North Korea established a military strategy highlighting “self-defense” and developed an idea of asymmetrical warfare.The unsynchronized military buildup on the Korean Peninsular continued to increase the military imbalance on the Peninsular.The US and South Korea worked together to consolidate their military alliance and maintain the stability of the US-ROK joint combat system.China-ROK cooperation in nontraditional security f ield made headways though their disagreements in traditional security f ield remained.Currently,the COVID-19 pandemic remains on the Korean Peninsular,an arms race is brewing,and the new US administration’s policy toward the Korean Peninsular will bring uncertainties to the security situation on the Peninsular.

109 Russia-China Economic Cooperation: Complementarity and Interdependence,by Sergey Ulyevich Glaziev,Advisor to the Russian President,Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences,and Russian economist and statesman.Presently,the development of Russia-China cooperation is at its best since the end of the Cold War.However,in terms of trade and investment,it is not satisfactory,mainly due to such “bottleneck” issues as Russia’s recession,sharp drop of investment,limitations of bilateral cooperation model,and low cooperation level in high-tech f ield.For these problems,the following advices are proposed: f irst,eliminate trade barriers on certain products,and establish a mutual trade loan mechanism and a bilateral mechanism against monetary and financial risks; second,establish a mutual investment fund and a banking system,and encourage the opening of financial markets to each other; third,establish a supranational consortia,strengthen the development of transport corridors,finance by issuing bonds,and attract investments from major banks; fourth,establish a joint aircraft manufacturing company,and build joint production,operation and investment networks composed of energy,grain and chemical enterprises with great growth potentials; and f ifth,establish a strategic center for science cooperation to serve highlevel requirements,propose cooperation programs,boost strategic interactions,and enrich the contents of cooperation.

114 Dilemma of the Arab World and Its Efforts to Find a Way Out in 2020,by Tang Tianbo,assistant research professor at the Institute for Middle East Studies,CICIR.In 2020,the Middle East was hit hard not only by the severe COVID-19 pandemic,but also by the ultralow oil prices,which fully exposed the weak spots of the Arab world in governance.Economically,both oil and non-oil economies of these countries were worse hit,while economic reform in oil-producing and oil-importing countries faced great challenges.Politically,Lebanon,Iraq,Algeria and Sudan among others that experienced regime change in 2019 had difficulties in their respective transition and transformation.In terms of security,gunfire was still continuing in Syria,Yemen and Libya,while external interference made their peace prospect more complicated.In the regional pattern,the Arab world was simultaneously buffeted and squeezed by three non-Arab powers----Turkey,Iran and Israel.In the face of such a situation,Saudi Arabia and UAE among others,after weighing pros and cons,chose to improve relations with Israel to counter-balance Turkey and Iran,and f ind a way out for self-rescue.As a result,UAE and Bahrain established diplomatic relations with Israel.This is the f irst time in nearly 30 years that Arab states entered diplomatic relations with Israel that resulted from the drastic changes taking place in the geopolitical landscape in the Middle East,which will trigger a new round of adjustment of relations between Saudi Arabia,Turkey and Iran as well as realignment of relations among the three camps led respectively by them.The US played an important role in promoting Arab-Israel diplomatic relations,which indicated that the US still remained the dominant force in the region despite the fact that it was shrinking in the Middle East.