新高考读后续写初探

新高考对于师生来讲都是新形势，在新高考的英语考试中，“读后续写”是新题型，也是重点题型，考查学生的综合语言运用能力。既有阅读，又有写作。首先要求是要读懂所给材料，然后根据材料进行续写，所以“续写”是读和写的统一，考查学生的阅读能力、总结概括能力，语言组织能力，需要大量练习。如何做好“读后续写”这种题型，拿得高分，这其中有一定技巧。教师在教学中，也应把此类题型值得深入探究，掌握规律，进行教学引导。

一、读后续写的具体要求

读后续写，一般是提供一段350词以内的语言材料，要求学生依据该材料内容、所给段落开头语或所标示关键词进行续写，将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接，情节和结构完整的短文，续写单词在150 词左右。

二、读后续写中学生常出现的问题

首先会出现上下文的连贯性差的问题，段落与段落之间没有衔接; 错词错句多，单词应用错误，出现句子语法错误，好词好句少; 没有丰富和生动的细节推动情节的发展;与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度差;没有猜到主旨，对材料阅读不细致、不理解，过度想象或偏离主题。 还有的就是书写潦草，卷面涂改。

三、如何做好读后续写

我们举例来说明。

1.阅读下面短文，根据所给情節进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

On Christmas Eve， seventy-three-year-old George selected his food carefully. Skim milk was $2.99 white bread，89 cents with a 10cent discount Leaving the cashier， he calculated that he had saved 80 cents today. At the exit， the wind reminded him of his gloves.“Where are they？”Not in the coat pockets. Not in the grocery bag either. He was sure he was wearing them when he entered the store. He clearly remembered putting them into the pocket of this coat. George made a second thorough search of all his pockets， again including the grocery bag. Now he was sure they must have been dropped somewhere inside the store. Old George had bought the black leather gloves at a 25% discount， for just $35.00， ten years ago. They were soft and warm and very durable. He had taken care not to let a drop of water or rain touch his expensive gloves， so they looked like new. Losing this favorite possession was almost like losing a child to him.

George，calm on the outside but nervous inside， reentered the store. He followed the same route he had walked before， starting at the bread counter， to the milk section， the corner where salt and sugar were placed， then the rest of the store. Several minutes of anxious searching turned out to be in vain. He asked the customers whether they saw a pair of black leather gloves， but they said no. Then he went over to the cashier without hesitation to ask if she had received any lost gloves， but only received the same answer. His heart grew heavier.“Society has changed，people have changed”， he murmured to himself.“Years ago，if somebody picked up something lost， they would give it back. Now a good action is lost.”

Yet he did not give up hope. He started to stare at anybody wearing black gloves to see if they looked like his. The first two persons he saw did wear gloves，but one was women's and the other not black.

Paragraph 1：

Suddenly， he found a man looking like a lawyer， wearing black leather gloves.

Paragraph 2：

During the whole holiday， he was always thinking whether to buy a new one.

2.如何构思续写的内容。

Step1 Read for elements

Who： Old George，Cashier，a man （looking like a lawyer）

When： On Christmas Eve

Where： In a store

What：  lost a pair of gloves

Step 2 Read for plots

Beginning （G in a store on Christmas Eve）--- Process （lost his gloves and found nothing）---- Climax （高潮部分）（to buy a new pair or not？）

——ending（how to solve the problem/ how things end up）

Step 3 Gather ideas

Setting

（time / place） Time：  On Christmas Eve

Place： A grocery store

Characters Old George ，Cashier，a man（ looking like a lawyer）

Plot Geroge finished shopping and wanted to leave

Problem At the exit，  George couldn't find his gloves.

Ending ？

3.信息整理。

體裁：记叙文

时态：一般过去时

原文核心信息解读：“Old George去杂货店购物，在清点物品要离开时，发现心爱的一副手套不见了，他四处寻找问询无果，开始抱怨社会中人们善良的消失，但他仍没有放弃寻找那副手套……”

Step 4 Make predictions

Para. 1：   Suddenly， he found a man looking like a lawyer， wearing black leather gloves. （续写部分，可详细描写和这个男士寻找手套的细节过程和结果，此处注意必须结合第二段首句的含义，做好推测衔接）

Para. 2： During the whole holiday， he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair..

（续写部分，可写George去买手套，会发生什么情况，围绕主题手套丢失，可以推测失而复得的可能性或其他情况，最后对于情感的总结升华。）

4.确定写作思路。

Old George在杂货店购物结账后，发现心爱的手套找不到了，四处问寻无果，正当不知道是否该再买一副的时候，……，要求写的是后面怎么样。

5.确定构思的理由。

中出现cashier（收银员）这个人物，这是可以用的信息，因为就算他再去杂货店买手套，收银员也会再次出现，所以合理利用收银员来发展情节是比较简单合理的。

One possible version：

Paragraph 1：

Suddenly， he found a man looking like a lawyer， wearing black leather gloves. Abrupt as it might seem， George came up without hesitation and asked if they were his， but there came a disappointing answer. On second thought， he realized nobody would be so foolish as to wear them right inside the store. He had no alternative but to ask the cashier to keep them in case the lost gloves were found. Then he dragged his legs towards the exit.

Paragraph 2：

During the whole holiday， he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair. After all， in deep winter， he could not do without gloves. Finally poor George decided to buy another pair of leather gloves. With the last ray of hope， he stepped into the store again. No sooner had he opened the door than the cashier told him there was indeed one such pair as he lost.After examining them carefully， he was wild with joy， expressing sincere gratitude and saying to himself that a good action was never lost.

四、获得读后续写高分的写作技巧

主要有这样几方面：故事要围绕着主要人物展开;确保第二段和第一段的衔接有逻辑;使用恰当的衔接词，修饰词以使故事更有连贯性; 选用恰当的句型以文章更加生动、高级;详细刻画角色及其情感升华; 做到首尾呼应以使故事更加有条理。

所以，在平时教学中，教师也要从这几方面入手引导学生，进行大量练习，让学生吃透材料，提升综合运用语言的能力，从而在考试中取得高分。

【作者简介】李志英，河北省张家口市第四中学。