临时校园，英国

2020-12-26建筑设计柯尔拉图雷勒黑德建筑事务所

世界建筑 2020年12期

建筑设计：柯尔-拉图雷勒-黑德建筑事务所

1 马诺菲尔德小学临时校园帐篷外景/Exterior view of the pop-up school's tent at Manorfield Primary School

英国柯尔- 拉图雷勒- 黑德建筑事务所（CLTH）发布了一个新概念，旨在帮助疏通学校内部受限的交通流线，并在学校重新开放时保证学生和教职员工之间必要的社交距离。根据CLTH 团队的初步研究和分析，该临时措施将有助于疏通学校内部现有的学生流线，对空气流通的促进也有助于个人健康。建筑师将此视作一个未曾设想的、以非传统方式利用公共或大型户外空间的契机。

CLTH 的理念呈现为一系列临时性的帐篷状构筑物，每一个构造物的布置都能满足学生间2m 的社交距离要求，并能适应不同种类的教室功能。在疫情期间，户外节庆活动中使用的如帐篷、可移动盥洗设施等资源可能处于闲置状态，建筑师建议重新利用它们。在适当的情况下，现场还能以光伏发电系统和太阳能真空集热管为热水供暖提供可再生能源。鼓励以顺时针方向移动于构筑物内外，像佛教转经筒那样，以避免个体间的交错。这一概念简单且适应性强，可以应用于从足球场到步行区和邻近的公园等不同户外环境。

第一个临时校园方案落成于伦敦陶尔哈姆莱茨区的马诺菲尔德小学，以优化学生和教职工间的社交距离。帐篷的尺寸为6m×18m，由来自坎布里亚郡的帐篷专家Original Marquees 公司供应。这座临时构筑物被用作教室和学生午餐区，能提供的社交距离超出学校现有能力至少25%。建筑师力图证明在新冠肺炎疫情施加的限制下，仍有可能创造一个既能安全容纳更多学生，又能满足社交距离要求的环境。

CLTH 目前正与英国内外的其他学校洽谈，旨在将这一概念进一步推广至更广泛的领域。除Original Marquees 公司外，建筑师们还与国际临时构筑物供应商Veldeman 合作，生产可以满足全年段团体需求的临时住宿设施，并配有讲演设备、冷暖空调。

马诺菲尔德小学的临时帐篷预计将持续使用到当前学期结束。（潘奕译）

2 临时校园帐篷内景效果/Rendering interior view of pop-up school's tent

3 临时校园帐篷外景效果/Rendering exterior view of pop-up school's tent

British architecture firm Curl la Tourelle Head Architecture (CLTH) has released a new concept to help mitigate restricted circulation routes within schools and maintain the necessary social distancing among pupils and staff when schools reopen. Based on initial research and analysis carried out by the team at CLTH, this temporary provision will help liberate existing internal school space taking the pupil load off circulation areas, but also enhance air-flow contributing to individuals' wellbeing. The architects see this as an opportunity to utilise public or large outdoor spaces in unconventional ways that might not be thought of previously.

CLTH's idea sees a series of pop-up, tent-like structures, each of which is arranged to follow the two-metre social distancing rule between pupils, with the adaptability to host different classroom setups. The architects propose reusing resources such as marquees and portable bathroom facilities from outdoor festivals that would otherwise be dormant during the current pandemic. Where appropriate, renewable energy sources can also be provided on site in the form of PV arrays and solar evacuated tubes for hot water heating. Clockwise movements within and outside the structures will be encouraged, in a similar approach to Buddhist Mani wheel to avoid crossing over between individuals. Simple and adaptable, the concept can be applied to different outdoor settings; from football pitches to pedestrianised areas and neighbouring parks.

The first pop-up school proposal at Manorfield Primary School in Tower Hamlets, London to optimise social distancing among pupils and staff. The tent measures 6 m by 18 m and is supplied by Cumbria-based marquee specialist, Original Marquees. The temporary structure has been used to host classrooms and as a lunch area for pupils, delivering at least 25% more socially distanced capacity than what the school currently offers. The architects aim to demonstrate that under the constraints imposed by COVID-19, it is still possible to create an environment that can safely accommodate more pupils but also allow the social distancing rules to be observed.

CLTH is currently in discussion with other schools across the country and overseas, with the aim of rolling out the concept further and wider. In addition to Original Marquees, the architects are partnering with global temporary structure provider, Veldeman, to produce pop-up accommodation that can cater for full year groups and be lit with lecture theatre equipment, heating and air conditioning.

The pop-up tent at Manorfield Primary School is expected to stay until the end of the current school term.

项目信息/Credits and Data

地点/Location: 全英国/UK-wide

客户/Client: 英国各学校/Various UK Schools

主持建筑师/Principal Architects: Curl la Tourelle Head Architecture

合作/Collaborators: Archineers, Original Marquees, TT Tents

绘图/Drawings: Curl la Tourelle Head Architecture, Darcstudio

摄影/Photos: Killian O'Sullivan, Brahim Kanoute