必修4第4单元同步检测题
2020-10-29彭凯琳
彭凯琳
第一部分：听力部分 （15分）
第一节：
听下面五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A， B， C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（5分）
1. How will the man go to Shanghai？
A. By plane. B. By train. C. By car.
2. When will the woman probably get back？
A. At 2：00 a.m. B. At 2：00 p.m. C. At 3：00 p.m.
3. How much will it cost if the man rents a room for two weeks？
A. 230 yuan. B. 430 yuan. C. 400 yuan.
4. Where does this conversation most probably take place？
A. On a train. B. At a railway station. C. At a hospital.
5. What does the man want to be in the future？
A. A musician. B. A traveler. C. A professor.
第二節：
听下面两段对话，每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A， B， C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（6分）
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman think of her new working place？
A. Good. B. Far. C. Dirty.
7. How does the man go to work？
A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot.
听第7段材料，回答第8—11题。
8. How does Jo teach English？
A. Through TV. B. Through the Internet. C. Through the radio.
9. Where has Jo stayed for three years？
A. In the UK. B. In Greece. C. In Australia.
10. What changed Jo's plan in London？
A. She was attracted by local cultures. B. She was welcomed by her friends.
C. She got a good job.
11. What can we know about Jo？
A. She is having a job interview. B. She likes making friends.
C. She grew up in Australia.
第三节：
听下面一段材料，将第12—15题的信息补充完整，每小题不多于3个单词。（4分）
第二部分：笔试部分 （135分）
I. 根据句意和所给汉语意思写出该单词的正确形式。（10分）
1. It's very ____ （可能） that my mother will ring me tonight.
2. He is a ____ （好奇的） boy who is always asking questions.
3. I woke up and was ____ （招呼） by bird song.
4. The letters UN ____ （代表） the United Nations.
5. His remarks showed that he ____ （误解） my position on the question.
6. They built a robot capable of understanding ____ （说） commands.
7. He stood silently， tears rolling down his ____ （臉颊）.
8. An ambulance ____ （俯冲） to the scene of the accident within ten minutes.
9. As the New Year ____ （临近）， people are buying presents for their family and friends.
10. We are working in ____ （联合） with local companies to raise money for the homeless.
II. 用所给动词的正确形式填空。（10分）
1. He sat there ____ （think）， with his head on his hand.
2. ____ （knock） at the door before entering， please.
3. The ____ （visit） Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks.
4. Not ____ （have） seen the film， I can't tell you what I think of it.
5. The men ____ （work） for extra hours got an extra pay.
6. ____ （see） from the top of the hill， we find the city more beautiful.
7. Generally ____ （speak）， facial expressions are helpful communications， too.
8. “Can't you read？” the man said， angrily ____ （point） to the notice on the wall.
9. The stranger said something in ____ （frighten） voice and the little girl was much frightened.
10. European football is played in 80 countries， ____ （make） it the most popular sport in the world.
III. 选择方框内适当的短语填空。（10分）
1. The risk of affection hasn't decreased—____， it has increased.
2. ____， food poisoning happens during summer.
3. I was wondering why you seemed to want to keep everybody ____.
4. One of the men suddenly ____ a hand and grabbed my arm.
5. Steps are being taken to ____ the city ____ attack.
6. It was getting dark. We had to ____ in the forest for the night.
7. Animals are ____ fond of eating and moving in company.
8. When he failed to beat his opponent he felt he had ____ with his friends.
9. It is a timid animal but will fight like a tiger ____ its young.
10. The mother felt ____ after being informed that her children were safe.
IV. 单项选择。（10分）
1. Though British and American English have some differences in spelling and pronunciation， they have much ____.
A. in general B. in common C. in place D. in words
2. What annoyed your father was not what you said， but the way ____ you said it.
A. by which B. which C. in what D. that
3. We're all ready to put it into operation， ____， we're going to take action as fast as possible.
A. on the whole B. in general C. in conclusion D. in other words
4. —Have the peace talks broken down？
—Yes. Armed conflict is ____ to break out between the two countries.
A. likely B. possibly C. probably D. gradually
5. To handle the financial crisis， the new government has to work more ____ with other nations， especially， the less affected ones.
A. formally B. smoothly C. carefully D. closely
6. Smoking is one of the ____ causes of cancer， killing millions of people each year.
A. major B. similar C. commercial D. chemical
7. The important point is that we should be able to ____ our computer against new viruses when we save important data.
A. defend B. stop C. fight D. keep
8. The Russian rocket designer has died. For many years， he ____ as an important assistant to the father of Soviet space program.
A. serves B. was serving C. served D. has served
9. Mr. Smith often stays up， ____ lessons， books spread all over the desk.
A. preparing B. prepared C. to prepare D. prepares
10. —The man has great determination and never gives up halfway.
—____.
A. So do you B. Neither do you C. So is with you D. It is the same with you
V. 完形填空。（20分）
閱读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“I hate it when others gossip about me，” said Mandy Miraglia， 16， a high school student from California， “but to be _1_， gossip with my close friends makes me feel I am trusted and _2_ to the group.” Miraglia is not the only person who _3_ like that.
Gossip has long been _4_ on as little more than nonsense and bad _5_. But recent research showed that gossip has many positive _6_ on your social life.
“_7_ has been a trend among people to _8_ gossip，” said David Sloan Wilson， a professor from the State University of New York in Binghamton， US. “_9_ gossip appears to be a very important form of _10_ in a group of friends， defining their group membership.”
For 18 months， Kevin Kniffin， from the University of Wisconsin， US _11_ the behavior of 50 people. He found that gossip levels _12_ the top when a sports team included a lazy person， someone who _13_ missed practices or showed up late. Other members of the team would soon start to _14_ about the lazy persons' weaknesses behind his back， because they think they are _15_ for the whole team.
Gossip about the mistakes of senior members helps newcomers rebuild their _16_ after a failure. It also helps _17_ social and professional anxiety. Long-term studies show that people around the world _18_ from a fifth to two-thirds or more of their _19_ conversation to gossip， and men appear to be just as _20_ for gossip as women. It is hard to judge gossip， but it is more powerful than you think.
1. A. kind B. honest C. loyal D. sorry
2. A. belong B. lead C. add D. adjust
3. A. sounds B. gives C. thinks D. feels
4. A. looked down B. turned down C. taken down D. handed down
5. A. ways B. manners C. methods D. measures
6. A. functions B. works C. results D. effects
7. A. There B. As C. It D. What
8. A. admire B. appreciate C. dislike D. disappoint
9. A. And B. But C. So D. Or
10. A. action B. conversation C. behavior D. touch
11. A. researched B. developed C. checked D. tested
12. A. held B. found C. seated D. reached
13. A. regularly B. commonly C. possibly D. patiently
14. A. smile B. joke C. laugh D. talk
15. A. nice B. bad C. weak D. wrong
16. A. pride B. respect C. confidence D. honor
17. A. remove B. move C. sweep D. clean
18. A. reject B. spend C. adapt D. devote
19. A. friendly B. general C. free D. daily
20. A. anxious B. eager C. worried D. fond
VI. 閱读理解。（30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C或D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Alexander Fleming was born in Scotland in 1881. He left school when he was thirteen years old; for a few years he worked in a shipping company. When he was about twenty years old， an uncle died and left him some money.
At his elder brother's advice， he took an entrance examination for medical school. He passed brilliantly and joined St. Mary's Hospital in London. There he met Sir Almroth Wright and that meeting changed the course of his life. When he graduated， he joined Wright's laboratory staff instead of going into private practice as he had intended.
During the First World War， he served in the Royal Army Medical Corps and was shocked by what he saw in France. Hundreds of wounded soldiers， with bacteria crawling in their wounds， were brought to his hospital. But there was little he could do for them as the antiseptics in use then were not effective for deep wounds. He was horrified by the suffering and the numerous deaths， but Fleming was a determined man full of courage and he promised to discover something that would kill these bacteria and save lives.
After the war he continued his research. For years he toiled on; then in September 1928 he made one of the greatest discoveries of all time. He had been growing colonies of bacteria in flat， open dishes. A few days later he saw that mould had settled in one of the dishes. However， he did not throw away the dish; instead he examined it and saw that no bacteria grew near the mould. “Had the mould killed the bacteria？” he asked himself.
A chemical from the mould had done just that. Fleming later named this chemical penicillin. Thus one of the greatest achievements of man had taken place.
But penicillin was not immediately used—years were to pass before that happened. More knowledge about the drug was gained and in 1941 many people were successfully treated. Before long penicillin was produced on a large scale， and during the Second World War it helped save thousands of wounded soldiers.
1. What did Fleming do when he was around twenty years of age？
A. Worked in a shipping company.
B. Received some money from his uncle who had died.
C. Joined Wright's laboratory staff.
D. Served in the Royal Army Medical Corps.
2. During the First World War， Fleming was horrified by ____.
A. the lack of proper useful things in hospitals
B. the lack of antiseptics available for deep wounds
C. the suffering and numerous deaths of the soldiers brought to the hospital
D. the amount of bacteria crawling about in the wounds of the patients
3. What did Fleming decide to do according to the passage？
A. Discover penicillin for curing this disease.
B. Invent a new antiseptic.
C. Help lessen the suffering of the wounded.
D. Discover something that would kill the bacteria and save lives.
4. Which of the following titles BEST sums up the passage？
A. A Strange Chemical B. Killing the Bacteria
C. Antiseptics D. The Discovery of Penicillin
B
Brownie and Spotty were neighbor dogs who met every day to play together. Like pairs of dogs you can find in any neighborhood， these two loved each other and played together so often that they had worn a path through the grass of the field between their houses.
One evening， Brownie's family noticed that Brownie hadn't returned home. They went looking for him with no success. Brownie didn't show up the next day， and， although they made their efforts to find him， by the next week he was still missing. Curiously， Spotty showed up at Brownie's house alone， barking and jumping. Busy with their own lives， they paid no attention to the nervous little neighbor dog.
Finally， one morning Spotty refused to take “no” for an answer. Ted， Brownie's owner， was continuously disturbed by the angry， determined little dog. Spotty followed Ted about， barking all the time， then darting toward a nearby empty lot and back， as if to say， “Follow me！ It's urgent！”
Eventually， Ted followed Spotty across the empty lot as Spotty stopped to race back and bark encouragingly. The little dog led the man to a deserted spot a half mile from the house. There Ted found his beloved Brownie alive， one of his legs crushed in a steel trap. Frightened， Ted now wished he had taken Spotty's earlier appeals （呼吁） seriously.
Then Ted noticed something. Spotty had done something else besides leading Brownie's human owner to his trapped friend. In a circle around the injured dog， Ted found some food remains of every meal. Brownie had been fed that week！ Spotty had been visiting Brownie regularly， in the hope of keeping his friend alive. Spotty had actually stayed with Brownie to protect him from hunger and other dangers， and keep his spirits up.
Brownie's leg was carefully treated and he soon got well again. For many years thereafter the two families watched the faithful friends chasing each other down that well-worn path between their houses.
5. At the very beginning， Ted paid little attention to Spotty because ____.
A. he was not free at the moment B. he was sure Brownie would be OK
C. he didn't like Spotty at all D. his missing dog made him sad
6. The underlined word “darting” in the third paragraph can be replaced by ____.
A. walking B. shouting C. rushing D. looking
7. The BEST title for this passage might be ____.
A. Dogs in Love B. A Friend in Need
C. Humans & Dogs D. Dogs Are Loyal
8. We can infer from the passage that ____.
A. humans and animals depend on each other for comfort
B. it's not right to hunt for animals in any neighborhood
C. Ted has to take better care of his beloved dog later on
D. Brownie would have died without Spotty's timely help
C
Would you know what to do if you were dropped in the middle of the woods （or desert， or mountains） with only the clothes on your back and—maybe—a knife？
If you're a living-city ape like me， you've likely shared this fear and wondered how you might make out without society's lifeline. Could you figure out how to build a shelter， find drinking water， something to eat and build a fire in the short time it would take nature to kill you？
Probably not without a little help. Lucky for you， help is a wilderness survival school away. As so-called primitive skills like making tools out of stone and making fire by friction are lost due to technological advancement， a number of schools around the country are keeping them alive and passing them on to new generations.
Some， like Tom Brown， Jr.'s Tracker School in the New Jersey Pine Barrens and the Maine Primitive Skills School， emphasize this ancient connection with nature， and teach their students not only how to survive in the wild， but how to live there.
Others， like the Pathfinder School in Ohio and the Mountain Shepherd School in Virginia， emphasize the survival way more heavily， focusing on the most important first 72 hours after getting lost or trapped， during which you have a high chance of rescue.
For our list， we picked 12 survival schools that cover a wide range of philosophies and skills. Learn how to survive the burning desert heat at Arizona-based Aboriginal Living Skills School; follow survival rules that are used to train the military at the Survival Training School of California and Ancient Pathways in Arizona; you can even take urban survival classes in the heart of Manhattan if you're worried about the next super-storm. Or， if you really want to go deep， take months-long wilderness survival courses at Jack Mountain Bushcraft School in the Maine North Woods or Anake Outdoor School in the Pacific Northwest.
Whichever you choose， you'll probably face the challenge of your life—and one that might save it， too.
9. What is the best title for the text？
A. Twelve Survival Schools. B. One's Life Challenges.
C. Choice of Life Schools. D. Kinds of Wild Schools.
10. If you are more probably saved， you will attend ____.
A. Aboriginal Living Skills School B. Maine Primitive Skills School
C. Anake Outdoor School D. Mountain Shepherd School
11. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to？
A. Your school. B. Your challenge. C. Your life. D. Your skill.
12. What can we infer from the text？
A. One's life matters when one is in trouble.
B. Survival skills matter when one faces danger.
C. Saving one's life counts when one is in danger.
D. Challenging life counts when one chooses school.
D
Born in Amsterdam to ethnically Chinese parents， Huihan Lie runs the company My China Roots in Beijing， which follows and discovers family histories and tries to put them in the environment of the time.
The alarm goes at 07：30. That's my girlfriend's fault， because she has to be in the office at
09：00—for me， a pretty early hour. So we basically wake up at the same time. I guess I get out bed around 08：00， do some wash， have breakfast， usually muesli.
Between 08：30 and 09：00 I walk to the other side of the apartment to my office. Every day is quite different， because my business is still in the start-up stage. But in general， I usually get onto the customer work as quickly as possible. We have six customers that we're working on now.
Technically， I'm a genealogist， someone who works to follow and discover family histories. However， my company， My China Roots， tries to explore beyond the names and the dates of the past. A major aim is to bring life to a person's descent （血統） by completing the more traditional genealogical research with a complete picture about the times and environments that made up that person's ancestors.
How were their ancestors' actions that had something to do with major events of world history such as the industrial revolution and China's century of humiliation？ But also， how did their ancestors live their daily lives？ What were their schools and their weddings like？
And， as my customers are mostly overseas Chinese， why did their ancestors choose to start a completely new life in an unknown world？
13. What is the company named from the passage？
_______________________
14. Why does the author study his family's history？
_______________________
15. Where was the author born？
_______________________
VII. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（10分）
Gratitude is not only an art performed in daily life， but also part of our traditional virtue. Has your mother or friend told you that you're an ungrateful person？ Do you feel unable to appreciate the world or people around you？ Are you obsessed with things you don't have instead of being thankful for what you do have _1_， then you will definitely need to work on being a more grateful person.
Showing gratitude has been put forward in the last few decades. _2_. But there are still some tips that help make it possible for you to practice gratitude.
Refusing to play the victim is the first step you're supposed to take. _3_. If you want to be grateful， stop complaining to the world， your teachers， your friends and your family about not putting themselves in your shoes， and focus on how much they've helped and cared about you.
Volunteering in your community is another effective way to show how grateful you are for what the world has given you. Whether you're helping clean up a local park， working in a soup kitchen， or teaching children or adults in your community to learn to read， your perspective towards life will change positively. _4_.
_5_. You shouldn't always be good only to your close friends or family members. You can help a neighbor look for a lost dog. You can also help an old lady carry her groceries. You don't have to search for these opportunities purposely. Sometimes they will present themselves. So when they come， act with generosity. You'll be more grateful for your role played in the world.
A. However hard you try to avoid these questions
B. If you find yourself involved in one of these circumstances
C. Gradually， you'll be more grateful for the chances to repay the society
D. Doing a random act of kindness is also a great way of practicing gratitude
E. While such encouragement is morally meaningful， it seems to be a little abstract
F. Ungrateful persons are always blaming the world for the problems and owing all the faults to others
G. When you reflect on your thoughts， feelings， emotions and actions， you are actually reflecting on your values
VIII. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。（10分）
There was a rich man who carried many treasures to the _1_ （distant） to look for happiness. But after a long march， he failed to find happiness. _2_ （annoy）， he sat by a path of the mountain when a farmer _3_ （carry） a large bunch of firewood came down from the mountain. The rich man said， “I'm a wealthy man. Can you tell me _4_ I'm unhappy？” The farmer put down the heavy firewood， wiped the sweat _5_ （pleasant） and said， “Happiness is simple： put down the burden， _6_ you will be happy！” The rich man _7_ （inspire） suddenly. Anxious and tired all day， he carried that heavy jewelry， afraid _8_ being robbed or murdered. How could he be happy？ So _9_ rich man helped the poor with jewelry and money， _10_ （do） good deeds. He enjoyed the taste of happiness.
IX. 書面表达。（25分）
请根据下表内容，以“保护树木”为题，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文。
________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
______________________________________
