必修4第3单元同步词汇精讲

高雅丹

1. particular adj. 特殊的;特别的;挑剔的

【经典例句】

I have nothing particular to do this evening， so let's go out for a walk. 今晚我没有什么特别的事要做，咱们出去散散步吧！

She loves the song in particular， because her mother used to sing it. 她特别喜欢这首歌，因为她妈妈过去常常唱。

He is very particular about food while he doesn't care about money. 他对吃的东西特别挑剔，然而不在乎金钱。

【思维拓展】

be particular about / over sth. 对……讲究/挑剔;be particular to do sth. 特地做某事;be particular to 是……特有的;from the particular to the universal 從特殊到普遍;in particular=particularly尤其;特别;格外

【易混辨析】

particular， especial与special的区别：

particular“特别的，特殊的，挑剔的”，强调与众不同的;

especial“特别的，主要的，突出的”，强调特殊的意义或重要性，有“优越，好感”之意;

special“专门的，特殊的，特别的”，强调的是事物特有的性质、性格或专门的目的、用途。

2. convince vt. 使确信;使信服

【经典例句】

You'll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. 你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。

I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor. 我一直劝他去看病。

I am convinced that sooner or later we will succeed. 我确信我们迟早会成功的。

You need to convince your interviewer of your ability to master the work. 你需要让你的面试官相信你有驾驭这份工作的能力。

【思维拓展】

convincing adj. 令人信服的;有说服力的;convinced adj. 感到信服的;相信的; convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事;convince sb. of sth. / that使某人相信……;be convinced of / that... 确信;坚信

【易混辨析】

convince与persuade的区别：

convince是通过摆事实、讲道理，使人信服，后面常接sb. of sth. / that从句;

persuade是指用劝说的方式说服某人，使其愿意采纳意见或采取行动，后面常接sb. to do / into doing sth. / that从句。

3. content adj. 满意的，满足的 n. 满足;内容;目录 vt. 使满足

【经典例句】

John contented himself with one glass of wine. 约翰喝上一杯酒就心满意足了。

She is quite content to stay at home looking after her children. 她呆在家里照顾孩子们感到非常知足。

I finally understood the content of her speech. 我终于理解了她演讲的内容。

【思维拓展】

be / feel content with=be / feel satisfied / pleased with 对……感到满意;be content that满意……;be content to do sth.=be willing to do sth.=be ready to do sth. 愿意做某事;content sb. / oneself with sth. 使某人满足于某事;with content 满足地;to one's heart's content 尽情地，心满意足地

【易混辨析】

content， contented与satisfied的区别：

content与contented意思接近，指“虽然各种愿望没有实现，但人应安于现状，不再多求”;

content一般作表语，而contented一般作定语;

satisfied指“愿望、渴望或需求都得到了满足，因而心满意足了”。

【温馨提示】

content作形容词，通常作表语、后置定语或状语;作前置定语时要用contented，如a contented expression 满足的表情;在充当表语表示“非常满意”时，用be well content，而不能用be very content。

4. entertain v. 使欢乐;款待

【经典例句】

I like to entertain friends with music and refreshments at home. 我喜欢在家里用音乐和茶点招待朋友。

He kindly entertained me to dinner. 我扰了他一顿饭。

The child entertained himself with his building blocks. 孩子在搭积木玩。

【思维拓展】

be entertained at / by 对……感到高兴;entertain sb. with sth. / by doing sth. 用某物/通过做某事使某人快乐;entertain sb. to sth. 招待某人吃……;entertain oneself 自娱自乐;entertain sb. with sth.=sb. be entertained with sth. 用……使某人快乐;entertain sb. as... 把某人当……招待;find entertainment in 以……为乐;give an entertainment to sb. 招待某人;give a farewell entertainment to sb. 为某人举行欢送会

5. pick out挑出;辨别出

【经典例句】

She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job. 她从大批的求职者当中被选出来担任这个职位。

See if you can pick me out in this photo. 看你能不能把我从这张照片中认出来。

I have picked out the bad potatoes from the basket. 我已从篮子里把烂土豆拣出来了。

【思维拓展】

pick up 拾起;接收;通过实践学会;（用车）接;pick up with sb. 结识某人;pick and choose挑三拣四;pick off 摘掉;摘下来;pick oneself up 跌倒后站起来;pick out sb. / sth. from 从……中挑出;pick one's pocket 扒窃;掏包;pick... apart 把……撕成碎片;拆散;pick a fight / quarrel with sb. 找碴儿;找麻烦

【易混辨析】

choose， select， elect与pick out的区别：

choose是最普通的用语，侧重于凭个人的意志或判断力在一些人、物或行为方式中选出一个;

select指在同类的许多东西中，进行有斟酌的精选，强调以客观为标准进行选择，侧重于从许多同类事物中进行选择时的挑剔态度;

elect多指选举或用其他方法推选人，有时也指“决定（做某事，尤指做出某种选择）”，这种选择通常指通过深思细想做出的选择;

pick out指从个人角度考虑，在众多选项中进行挑选，通常用于不需要认真权衡，只需对比就能做出决定的场合。

6. badly off 贫困的;境况不好的;缺少的

【经典例句】

The school was then badly off for teachers. 当时学校缺老师。

We are too badly off to have a holiday. 我们太穷，没有钱度假。

The school is rather badly off for equipment. 学校相当缺乏设备。

【思维拓展】

be badly off for sth. 某物短缺，不够;be well off有钱的，富裕的;be well off for sth. 某方面是充裕的;be worse off 情况更糟，恶化;better off 情况较好;go from bad to worse （指不如意的境况等）越来越坏，每况愈下;put sb. to the worse 打败某人;worse and worse越来越坏，每况愈下;for better or （for） worse 不论好坏;不管怎么样

7. cut off 切断;断绝

【经典例句】

He cut himself off from all human contact. 他断绝了与所有人的联系。

He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was cut off from the outside world. 他在医院待了六个月，感觉就像已经与外面世界隔绝了一样。

The television show was cut off by a special news report. 电视剧被特别新闻节目打断了。

In the accident， the workman had his finger cut off by the machine he was operating. 在这场事故中，这个工人被他操作的机器切断了手指。

【思维拓展】

cut through 凿穿;从……穿过;cut across 抄近路穿过;对直穿过;cut away 切掉;剪掉;逃走;cut down 砍倒;削減，缩短;cut in 插嘴;突然插入;cut into halves / pieces切成两半/切碎;cut up 切碎;切掉;cut out 剪除;删除

8. at a time 每次;一次

【经典例句】

The boats remain at sea for an average of ten days at a time. 这些船只每次在海上平均航行10天。

Only one person at a time is allowed to get on the horse. 一次只准一个人骑到马上去。

Can I borrow two books at a time？ 我可以一次借两本书吗？

【思维拓展】

at all times 始终，随时;at one time 曾经，一度;in no time 马上;一会儿;on time 按时;in time 及时;once upon a time 从前;at the same time 与此同时;at no time 决不;在任何时候都不