选修7第2单元重点单词

高雅丹

1. desire

❶ [C， U] 渴望;欲望;渴求

desire for sth. ……的欲望 / 愿望

They seem to have lost their desire for life. 他们似乎已丧失了对生活的热望。

desire to do sth. 做……的欲望 / 愿望

Failure can increase my desire to succeed. 失败能增强我获得成功的欲望。

[vt.， vi.] desire （sb） to do sth 渴望 / 期望（某人）做某事

Few people desire to live in the north of the country. 很少人想住在这个国家的北方。

desire that... 从句使用虚拟语气时，其谓语要用（should +） 动词原形形式。

【易混辨析】 desire， request， wish与want

desire， request， wish， want都有“要求”“渴望”之意，它们之间的关系是desire=want very much （非常想）=wish earnestly for （急切希望）=request formally （正式要求）

【考题链接】 People who were owners of successful papers， had little___________ to change the tradition.

Key： desire

2. alarm  n.

? [C]警报;警报器

ring / sound the alarm 发出警报

A car alarm went off in the middle of the night. 半夜里一辆汽车的警报器突然响了起来。

❷ [U]惊慌;惊恐

a sense of alarm 恐慌感

I felt a growing sense of alarm when he did not return that night. 那天夜里他没有回家，我的恐慌感油然而升。

❸ v. 使惊恐;使害怕;使警觉

The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn t want to alarm the passengers. 机长知道一台发动机出了故障，不过他不想惊动乘客。

【派生词】 ❶ alarmed adj. 惊恐的;忧虑的

She was alarmed at the prospect of travelling alone. 她一想到独自旅行的情景就害怕。

❷ alarming adj. 令人惊慌的;令人忧虑的

The rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate. 雨林正以惊人的速度消失。

【考题链接】 These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an___________.

Key： alarm

3. sympathy n.

❶ [C， U] 同情（心）

express / feel / have sympathy for sb. 同情某人

I have no sympathy for Jan， it s all her own fault. 我不同情简，那都是她自己的错。

❷ [C， U]赞同;支持

in sympathy with 赞同;支持

The seamen went on strike in sympathy with the dockers. 海员们举行罢工，以表示对码头工人的支持。

【派生词】 sympathetic adj. 同情的;表示同情的;出于同情的

I did not feel at all sympathetic towards Kate. 我对凯特一点也不同情。

【考题链接】 She feels sorry but___________.

Key： sympathetic

4. favour n.

❶ [C]帮助;好事;恩惠

do me a favour 帮我一个忙

Can you do me a favour and pick up Sam from school today？ 今天你能帮我个忙去学校接下萨姆吗？

❷ [U]赞同;支持

The suggestion to close the road has found favour with local people.关闭这条路的建议已得到当地人的支持。

in favour of 赞同;支持

He argued in favour of a strike. 他据理力争主张罢工。

❸ v. 喜爱;偏袒

Many countries favour a presidential system of government. 很多国家偏向选择总统制政府。

❹ adj. favourable赞成的;同意的;给人好印象的

She made a favourable impression on his parents. 她给他的父母留下了好印象。

【考题链接】 She didn t get a___________  seat.

Key： favourable

5. accompany vt.

❶ 陪伴

His wife accompanied him on the trip. 那次旅行他由妻子陪同。

❷ 伴奏

accompany sb. at / on sth. （尤指用钢琴）为……伴奏

The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister. 女歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。

【考题链接】 Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website___________ by the touching words： “What a blessing this young man was to our family！”

Key： accompanied

6. declare  vt.

❶ 宣布;公布;宣告

The area has been declared a national park. 这地区已公布为国家公园。

❷ 表明;宣称.

Few people dared to declare their opposition to the regime. 很少有人敢宣称他们反对这个政权。

【易混辨析】 declare， announce与state

declare宣布，指口头的，尤指官方的声明;announce公开宣布，通知，不一定正式;state陈述，声明，书面或演讲中正式表达。

【考题链接】 Proud Irene___________ she had no   plans   to  retire  from  her  36-year-old

business.

Key： declared

7. state  n.

❶ [C] 状态;状况

state of mind 心境;思想状态

He seems to be in a rather confused state of mind. 他似乎处于相当混乱的思想状态。

❷ [C， U] [常S-] 国家;政府

Should industry be controlled by the state？工业应该受到国家控制吗？

member state 成员国

France is one of the member states of the EU. 法国是欧盟成员国之一。

❸ [美国等的]州

The United States is composed of fifty states， two of which are separated from the others by land or water. 美國由50个州组成，其中两个被陆地和海洋与其他州分开。

❹ v. 陈述;说明;声明

The witness stated that he had not seen the woman before. 该证人说他从未见过那个女人。

【派生词】 statement n. [C， U] 陈述;声明

make a statement陈述;发表声明

He made a statement urging the public to cooperation. 他发表声明，要求公众给予配合。

【考题链接】 The___________ also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars， and for companies to operate driverless taxi services.

Key： state

8. bound

❶ adj. （bind 的过去式和过去分词）被束缚的

He was bound by the stric rules. 他被严格的规定所束缚。

❷ adj. 有义务的;受到约束的

I felt bound to tell you. 我觉得必须告诉你。

❸ adj. 一定的;必定的

It s bound to rain soon. 过会肯定下雨。

❹ n. 跳;跳跃

in leaps and bounds 飞速地;突飞猛进

Jill s making excellent progress; she s coming along in leaps and bounds. 吉尔进步飞快，她正飞速赶上。

❺ v. 跳;跳跃

The dog bounded away. 那条狗跳开了。

【考题链接】 Demand for the coin is___________ to break records.

Key： bound

9. staff  n.

❶ [C]（+单动或复动）（全体）工作人员;职员

on our / the staff 作为我们的职员

It s good to have you on the staff. 你能成为我们的职员真好。

❷ v. 为……配备（职员）

be staffed with / by 配备了……人员

The refugee centre is staffed by / with volunteers. 难民中心主要由志愿者组成。

【考题链接】 But he is also working at a far more fundamental level： his___________ show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season.

Key： staff

10. junior  adj.

❶ 地位（或职位、级别）低的

She is junior to me. 她职位比我低。

❷ 年纪较轻的;较小的

be junior to 比……年少

The president was so young that he was junior to some of his employees. 总裁的年龄如此小以至于比他的一些雇员还小。

❸ [C] 职位较低者;低层次工作人员

Tom is office junior. 汤姆是办公室的低级职员。

❹ [C]年少者

be... years sb. s junior 比某人小……岁

I am four years his junior. 我比他小四岁。

【反义词】 senior adj. 级别高的 n. 年长者;级别较高者

The meeting should be hosted by the most senior person present. 会议应由在场的职位最高的人主持。

【考题链接】 It was a need that he first recognized back in 1906 when young Dale was a___________ at State Teachers College in Warrensburg.

Key： junior

11. talent  n.

❶ [C， U]天才;天资;天赋

His talent for music becomes the envy of the other competitors. 他在音乐方面的天分让其他人对手感到羡慕。

talent （for sth. / for doing sth.） …… / 做……的天赋

She showed considerable talent for getting what she wanted. 她很有天資，能够做到她想做到的。

have a talent for sth. 对……有天赋

All children have a natural talent for language learning. 儿童对于语言学习，向来有天赋的能力。

❷ [C， U]有才能的人;人才;天才

There is a wealth of young talent in British theatre. 英国戏剧界年轻一代人才辈出。

【派生词】 talented adj. 有才能的;天才的

Howard is a talented pianist. 霍华德是个很有天分的钢琴家。

【易混辨析】 talent与genius

talent指后天从模仿和训练得来的天才、天资;genius指天生的具有创造性、独特性的才能。

【考题链接】 Moore wants to use her unique___________ to help others find their smiles.

Key： talent

12. divorce  n.

❶ [C， U]离婚

The marriage ended in divorce in 1996. 这桩婚姻在1996年已离婚告终。

get a divorce from sb. 和……离婚

She will get a divorce from her husband unless told not to. 除非被告诉不要离婚，否则她就会和她丈夫离婚。

❷ [C]分离;脱离

They advocated a complete divorce of government and religion. 他们主张政教完全分离。

❸ v. 与……离婚;判……离婚

They re getting divorced. 他们要离婚了。

be divorced from 与……离婚

The beautiful woman has been divorced from two husbands. 那位美貌的妇人已离过两次婚了。

❹ v. 使分离;使脱离

They believe that art should be divorced from politics. 他们认为艺术应该与政治分开。

【派生词】 divorced adj. 离婚的;离异的

Many divorced men remarry and have second families. 许多离婚的男子再婚组成了新的家庭。

【考题链接】 Bach got married to his first wife and had six children， but___________ later.

Key： divorced

13. obey

? vt. 服从;顺从

He had always obeyed his parents without question. 他对父母一向绝对服从。

to obey a command / an order / rules / the law 服从指挥 / 命令 / 规章/法律

Remember to obey traffic rules. 记住要遵守交通规则。

❷ vi. 服从;听话

She obeyed， and cautiously opened the door. 她服从了，小心翼翼地打开门。

【派生词】 disobey vt. & vi. 不服从;不顺从

He was punished for disobeying orders. 他因违抗命令而受到惩罚。

【考题链接】 Athenians willingly___________ the written laws which they themselves passed.

Key： obeyed