酷酷的手册飞行员

高维微

“90后”徐呂的梦想是当一名特种兵。阴差阳错，他成了重庆航空的一名飞行员。

虽说梦想与现实有些出入，但徐吕并不失望，“因为飞行员很酷”

Xu Lv，a"post-90s"， who'sdream was to be a SpecialForces soldier， became apilot of Chongqing Airlinesunexpectedly.

Although there is a discrepancybetween his dream andthe reality， Xu Lv is notdisappointed at all， "becausepilots look so cool".

因为责任而酷

Cool Because of Responsibility

从外表上看，徐吕戴着墨镜，头发梳得一丝不苟，制服笔挺，皮鞋锃亮，加上一米八的个子，和电视剧中的飞行员一样，非常醋。

在徐吕最初的认知里，飞行员的“醋”正是制服、打扮这些外在的“颜值”。不过，真正接触到民航客机后，他才理解，这一身行头可不是为了耍酷，其实是为了工作需要。戴墨镜是为了防止在高空飞行时太阳直射影响视线;一身制服则是为了打造严谨、缜密的专业形象……

飞行员的醋，在于责任感。徐吕解释，“民航客机飞行员责任重大，航空公司将价值上亿的飞机交到飞行员手中，就必须对企业负责。两百多名旅客将生命交到我手里，我必须带领他们安全抵达目的地。”

事实上，飞行员恰恰最不能放飞自我：“我们其实是最没有个性的一群人，我们被叫做手册飞行员。”

所谓手册，指的是飞行员操作指南，也就是“SOP”。SOP明确指出了飞行员在飞机驾驶舱的每一步操作流程，并通过固定的操作方式，让飞机安全运行。

在他储存的空客A320SOP资料里，仅仅《重庆航空A320机型SOP标准喊话概要》就有15页内容。实际操作过程中，按照SOP标准，仅是绕机检查这一项工作，就有21项对应的检查项目。至于执飞一趟航班具体有多少操作，徐吕说，“没具体算过，但肯定不少于两百个。”

“SOP的每一条规则都是前辈反复研究、实践总结得来的，操作起来虽然琐碎，但在特殊时候能保证安全。飞行过程，只要发现了问题，就能按SOP解决问题，就算发动机起火我们也能把飞机飞回来。”徐吕解释。

在徐吕看来，“手册飞行员”可以理解为做事有理有据，严格按照规章制度。当这些工作习惯渗入到他的生活时，徐吕也变成了一个有规划、求精确的人，甚至还被朋友戏称为“机器人”。

He looks every inch a pilot： wearing well-ironed uniform， sunglasses and shiny leathershoes. hair meticulously combed， plus a height of1.8 meters tall. just as cool as the pilots in the TVsenes.

It first came to Xu Lv that pilots are "cool"due to the external "attractiveness" of the uniformand sunglasses. It was only after he came intothe passenger airlines sector that he realized thatthe outfit was not for cool. but for work. Wearingsunglasses is to prevent direct sunlight fromaffecting the sight when flying at high altitude;while the uniform is to create a rigorous andmeticulous professional image...

Pilots are cool for their sense ofresponsibility. Xu Lv explained， "The pilot ofpassenger airliners holds a position of greatresponsibility. With planes worth hundreds ofmillions handed to us by the airlines. we must beaccountable to them. More than 200 passengersput their lives in my hands， I must lead them totheir destinations safely."

Pilots are in fact the least allowed to letourselves go： "We are actually the most impersonalgroup of people. Therefore. we are called SOPpilots."

The so-called SOP refers to the pilot'sstandard operating procedure. It clearly pointsout each operating procedure of the pilot in thecockpit of an aircraft to help operate planes safelywith a fixed mode.

In the materials of Airbus A320SOP he saved.the "Summary of SOP Standard Propaganda forChongqing Airlines A320" alone has 15 pages.According to SOP. there are 21 correspondinginspection items for extemal inspection in actualoperation. As for the exact number of operationsfor a fiight， Xu Lv said. "I have not counted. but itmust be no less than 200."

"Every rule of SOP is summed up bypredecessors through repeated research andpractice. Though seems trivial in operation. it cansave life at special times. Any problem occurredduring a flight can find an answer in the SOP. Evenif the engine catches fire. we can fly the plane backsafely." explained Xu Lv.

In Xu Lv's view， the very title of "SOP pilot"requires them to do things with reason and in strictaccordance with the rules and regulations. Whenthese working habits i infiltrated into his life. Xu Lvbecomes well organized and details-oriented. evennicknamed "robot" by his friends.

駕驶者到管理者

From an Airplane Pilot to a Manager

随着民用客机自动化、智能化程度越来越高，正常情况下，计算机能够帮助飞行员解决很多计算的问题。这时，飞行员需要成为飞机的管理者，要考虑更多综合性、自动化系统无法解决的问题。徐吕举例说，飞行过程中前方出现一大团云，飞机是穿云还是绕飞？如果绕飞，是从左侧绕飞还是右侧绕飞？优秀的飞行员会综合考虑天气状况及后续航线等因素，计算出更安全更省油的飞行线路。

徐吕翻出一张空客A320机型的驾驶舱照片说，“A320是自动化程度很高的机型，比起很多老机型，驾驶舱简洁了不少，但它对飞行员的要求也很高。”

飞行中，飞行员要监控很多数据，眼睛几乎都不能离开表盘。单是一个PFD表盘，就有十几种数据。在PFD表盘旁，还有一块ND表盘，同样有十多项需要监控的数据。“飞机上最怕的不是出问题，而是出了问题没发现。所以我们必须实时监控飞机的各项数据，并且判断它们的准确性。”徐吕说。

As the civilian passenger jets get more andmore automatic and intelligent， under normalcircumstances. computers can help pilots solvemany computational problems. In this connection，pilots should become managers of airplanesand take into account more issues that cannotbe solved by comprehensive and automatedsystems. For example， Xu Lv said， if a large cloudappears ahead the plane， then should the planepass through it or fly around？ If you choose tofly around， do you fly from the left or the right？Excellent pilots will choose a safer and more fuel-efficient route after considering factors such asweather conditions and subsequent routes.

Bringing out a photo of the cockpit of aAirbus A320. Xu Lv told us. "The A320 is ahighly automated model. Its cockpit is muchsimpler compared with many old ones. but it alsosets higher requirements for pilots" .

During the flight， the pilot has to monitor alot of data that his eyes can hardly leave the dial.There are more than a dozen kinds of data in aPFD dial alone. Next to the PFD dial is an NDdial. which also has more than 10 items of datato be monitored. "We are not afraid of findingproblems on the plane. but of not discoveringany problem. Therefore. we must monitor all thedata of the aircraft in real time and judge theiraccuracy， " said Xu Lv.

做最酷的領头羊

Be the Coolest Leader

今年新冠肺炎疫情期间，因为综合素质优秀，徐吕被选中执飞重庆援鄂医疗队赴武汉的航班。

从小到大，徐吕都很优秀，他说他对自己的要求就是“做领头羊”，“从幼儿园开始，除了唱歌跳舞，几乎所有活动，我都爱去争个第一名。”在学校时，他的奖状贴满了整面墙，进入航空公司后，更是收获了“飞行学员大队优秀班组”“优秀学员”“飞行学员大队第一届飞行技能大比武冠军”等荣誉。

徐吕的偶像是英雄机长萨伦伯格——2009年，他成功将一架发生鸟击后双发失效的A320迫降在哈得逊河上，155名乘客和机组人员全部生还。“虽然我和他的差距还很远，但总要试着努力。”

Amid the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak thisyear. Xu Lu was selected to fly the Chongqingmedical aid team to Wuhan due to his excellentcomprehensive quality.

Man and boy， Xu Lv was excellent. Hekeeps telling himself to "be the leader". "Fromkindergarten onwards. I love to compete for thefirst place in almost all activities except singingand dancing." His certificates for awards earnedat school ran the length of one wall. And he tookhome the honors such as "Excellent Team of theFlying Cadet Brigade". "Excellent Student" and"Champion of the First Flying Skills Competitionof the Flying Cadet Brigade" after entering theairline.

Xu Lv's hero is Captain Sullenberg - who，in 2009. successfully landed an A320 which lostpower in both engines after a bird strike in theHudson River， saving the lives of 155 passengersand the crew. "Although I'm a far cry from him. I'lltry my best to catch up."