When引导的从句小结
2020-09-10朱秀兰
朱秀兰
When引导从句时,其意义和用法很多。为了帮助大家弄清when引导的各种从句,现总结如下:
一、引导时间状语从句
1.表示“当......的时候”,相当于at the moment。如:
When we got to the cinema , the film had been on for half an hour.
当我们到达电影院时,电影已经放映半个小时了。
2.表示“一......就......”,相当于as soon as。如:
The students got up when the bell rang.
铃声一响,学生们就起床了。
3.表示“就在这时;当时”相当于just at the moment或just then。如:
We were about to start out when it began to rain heavily.
我們正要启程,就在这时,天下起了大雨。
4.表示“每当;每次“,相当于every time或whenever。如:
She always turns to us for help when she is in trouble.
每当遇到困难时,她总是向我们求助。
5.表示“当......之后;在......以后”,相当于after the time that。如:
When she got home, she started to prepare supper.
她回到家后,开始准备晚饭。
二、引导条件状语从句
When引导的条件状语从句相当于 if/in case引导的条件状语从句。如:
When there is no gravity , our feet can no longer stay on the ground.
如果没有重力,我们的脚就不能在地面上站稳。
Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine.
如果机器发生故障,就把电闸关上。
三、引导原因状语从句
When引导原因状语从句时,相当于since/now that引导的原因状语从句。如:
How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television?
既然他们把所有的空闲时间都用来看电视了,怎能学到什么东西呢?
Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one?
既然你已经有了这么好的一份工作,为什么还要再找新的工作呢?
四、引导让步状语从句
When引导的让步状语从句相当于 though 或although引导的让步状语从句。如:
He usually walks when he might ride.
虽然有车可骑,但他通常是步行。
The little girl can tell right from wrong when she is only twelve.
这个小女孩虽然只有12岁,却能分清是非。
五、引导定语从句
When引导定语从句时,有时可用in which或on which来替代。如:
We’ll put off the picnic until next week, when the weather may be better.
我们要把野餐推迟到下周,那时天气可能好些。
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the party.
我将永远不会忘记我入党的那一天。
六、引导名词性从句
1.引导宾语从句。如:
Please tell us when his father will return from abroad.
请告诉我们他父亲什么时候从国外回来。
2.引导主语从句。如:
When they will leave for Australia hasn’t been decided.
他们什么时候动身去澳大利亚还没有决定。
3.引导表语从句。如:
The question is when they will get so much money to set up the factory.
问题是他们将在什么时候弄到这么多钱来把这个工厂办起来。
4.引导同位语从句。如:
I have no idea when he came back last night.
我不知道他昨晚是什么时候回来的。
小练习:翻译句子。
1.当我赶到飞机场时,客人们已经离开了。
2.下周经理来这参观时,我会和他谈谈此事。
3.老师进来的时候,你在写信吗?
Keys:
1. When I got to the airport,the guests had left.
2. When the manager comes here for a visit next week,I’ll talk with him about this.
3. Were you writing when the teacher came in?