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When引导的从句小结

2020-09-10朱秀兰

初中生学习指导·提升版 2020年5期
关键词:电闸同位语野餐

朱秀兰

When引导从句时,其意义和用法很多。为了帮助大家弄清when引导的各种从句,现总结如下:

一、引导时间状语从句

1.表示“当......的时候”,相当于at the moment。如:

When we got to the cinema , the film had been on for half an hour.

当我们到达电影院时,电影已经放映半个小时了。

2.表示“一......就......”,相当于as soon as。如:

The students got up when the bell rang.

铃声一响,学生们就起床了。

3.表示“就在这时;当时”相当于just at the moment或just then。如:

We were about to start out when it began to rain heavily.

我們正要启程,就在这时,天下起了大雨。

4.表示“每当;每次“,相当于every time或whenever。如:

She always turns to us for help when she is in trouble.

每当遇到困难时,她总是向我们求助。

5.表示“当......之后;在......以后”,相当于after the time that。如:

When she got home, she started to prepare supper.

她回到家后,开始准备晚饭。

二、引导条件状语从句

When引导的条件状语从句相当于 if/in case引导的条件状语从句。如:

When there is no gravity , our feet can no longer stay on the ground.

如果没有重力,我们的脚就不能在地面上站稳。

Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine.

如果机器发生故障,就把电闸关上。

三、引导原因状语从句

When引导原因状语从句时,相当于since/now that引导的原因状语从句。如:

How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television?

既然他们把所有的空闲时间都用来看电视了,怎能学到什么东西呢?

Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one?

既然你已经有了这么好的一份工作,为什么还要再找新的工作呢?

四、引导让步状语从句

When引导的让步状语从句相当于 though 或although引导的让步状语从句。如:

He usually walks when he might ride.

虽然有车可骑,但他通常是步行。

The little girl can tell right from wrong when she is only twelve.

这个小女孩虽然只有12岁,却能分清是非。

五、引导定语从句

When引导定语从句时,有时可用in which或on which来替代。如:

We’ll put off the picnic until next week, when the weather may be better.

我们要把野餐推迟到下周,那时天气可能好些。

I’ll never forget the day when I joined the party.

我将永远不会忘记我入党的那一天。

六、引导名词性从句

1.引导宾语从句。如:

Please tell us when his father will return from abroad.

请告诉我们他父亲什么时候从国外回来。

2.引导主语从句。如:

When they will leave for Australia hasn’t been decided.

他们什么时候动身去澳大利亚还没有决定。

3.引导表语从句。如:

The question is when they will get so much money to set up the factory.

问题是他们将在什么时候弄到这么多钱来把这个工厂办起来。

4.引导同位语从句。如:

I have no idea when he came back last night.

我不知道他昨晚是什么时候回来的。

小练习:翻译句子。

1.当我赶到飞机场时,客人们已经离开了。

2.下周经理来这参观时,我会和他谈谈此事。

3.老师进来的时候,你在写信吗?

Keys:

1. When I got to the airport,the guests had left.

2. When the manager comes here for a visit next week,I’ll talk with him about this.

3. Were you writing when the teacher came in?

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