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封闭式负压吸引技术在骨科创面及感染创面患者治疗中的应用效果

2020-07-04黄健曦黄少帆汪强何立贤魏武贤林闻海蔡立伟

中国当代医药 2020年15期

黄健曦 黄少帆 汪强 何立贤 魏武贤 林闻海 蔡立伟

[摘要]目的 探讨封闭式负压吸引技术在骨科创面及感染创面患者治疗中的应用效果。方法 选取2015年6月~2019年6月我院收治的60例骨科创面及感染创面患者,按计算机随机化法分为对照组与实验组,每组各30例。对照组采用常规换药方法治疗,实验组采用封闭式负压吸引技术治疗。比较两组的治疗效果、换药次数、创面愈合时间、并发症总发生率。结果 实验组治疗总有效率(93.33%)高于对照组(70.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组换药次数少于对照组,创面愈合时间短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);實验组并发症总发生率(6.67%)低于对照组(26.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 骨科创面及感染创面患者接受封闭式负压吸引技术治疗的效果较好,能缩短患者的康复时间,降低并发症的发生,值得临床推广。

[关键词]封闭式负压吸引技术;骨科创面;感染创面;常规换药

[中图分类号] R687.3          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721(2020)5(c)-0103-03

Application effect of closed negative pressure suction technique in the treatment of patients with orthopedic wound and infection wound

HUANG Jian-xi   HUANG Shao-fan   WANG Qiang   HE Li-xian   WEI Wu-xian   LIN Wen-hai   CAI Li-wei

Department of Hand Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Guangdong Province, Shantou   515041, China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effects of closed negative pressure suction technique in the treatment of patients with orthopedic wound and infection wound. Methods From June 2015 to June 2019, 60 patients with orthopedic wound and infection wound were selected and divided into control group and experimental group by computer randomization, 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated by conventional dressing change, and the experimental group was treated by closed negative pressure suction technique. The treatment effect, dressing change, wound healing time and the total incidence rate of complication of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of the experimental group was 93.33%, which was higher than that in the control group (70.00%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The frequency of dressing changes in the experimental group was less than that in the control group, and wound healing time in the experimental group was shorter than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The total incidence rate of complications in the experimental group (6.67%) was lower than that in the control group (26.67%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The effect of closed negative pressure suction technique in the treatment of patients with orthopedic wound and infection wound is better, which can shorten the recovery time and reduce the incidence of complications, which is worthy of promoting.

本研究结果显示,实验组治疗总有效率(93.33%)高于对照组(70.00%)(P<0.05);实验组换药次数少于对照组,创面愈合时间短于对照组(P<0.05);实验组并发症总发生率(6.67%)低于对照组(26.67%)(P<0.05),提示封闭式负压吸引技术应用可获得较好效果,能减少患者的换药次数,缩短创面愈合时间,且并发症发生率低。持续性封闭式负压吸引技术能促进骨科创面的相关愈合机制,提高创面血流供应量,增加创面血管化的速度,改善微循环,使肉芽组织更加快速的生长[16]。封闭式负压吸引技术可将感染创面缩小,更好地清除坏死的腔道,患者无需天天换药,这能控制患者的疼痛感染,降低医护人员的工作量,患者满意度较高[17]。薄膜封闭可防止外来细菌入侵,能控制交叉感染的发生。在实施封闭式负压吸引技术治疗中,应注意以下事项:①必须进行彻底清创处理,不可留有死腔,同时要注意血运重建,如合并创口有活动性出血者属于禁忌证;②早期合理应用;③合理配合抗感染治疗;④指导患者强化自身营养,避免出现负氮平衡失调、酸碱紊乱、水电解质紊乱情况;⑤封闭式负压吸引技术属于过渡治疗方案,患者仍然要接受二期植皮手术治疗[18]。

综上所述,封闭式负压吸引技术应用于骨科创面及感染创面患者的治疗中的治疗效果较好,并发症发生率低,且可减少患者换药次数及缩短康复时间,对改善骨科创面及感染创面患者预后有积极的意义,值得临床推广。

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(收稿日期:2919-11-14  本文编辑:崔建中)

[基金项目]广东省汕头市医疗科技计划项目(20150406)

[作者简介]黄健曦(1982-),汉族,广东揭阳人,硕士,主治医师,研究方向:手外科