婴儿主导的后躺式哺乳姿势对产后早期母乳喂养的影响

郑彤云 彭碧玲 邓雪萍

【摘要】目的 探讨由婴儿主导的后躺式哺乳姿势在产后早期母乳喂养的临床使用效果及其可行性。方法 选取2018年6月～12月在中山大学附属第八医院产科自然分娩的初产妇180例，采用随机数字表法随机分成试验组（90例）和对照组（90例）。对照组用传统的坐位姿势按需哺乳，试验组以婴儿主导的后躺式姿势哺乳。结果 产妇产后乳头疼痛程度、乳头皲裂发生率及产妇出院时母乳喂养满意度两组间比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），纯母乳喂养率两组间比较产后第1天，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），产后第3天及第7天的差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01），试验组均优于对照组。结论 采用婴儿主导的后躺式姿势哺乳，可降低产妇乳头疼痛、乳头皲裂发生率，提高产后早期的纯母乳喂养率及产妇母乳喂养满意度，帮助产妇建立早期的母乳喂养行为，为提高产后6个月内的纯母乳喂养率打下良好的基础。

【关键词】初产妇;母乳喂养;乳头皲裂;乳头疼痛

【中图分类号】R715.9 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】ISSN.2095.6681.2020.6..03

【Abstract】Objective   To understand the cause of pregnant women admitted to hospital ahead of the main reasons its impact on the rate of cesarean section without labor， the corresponding effective countermeasures.Methods   A total of 180 primiparous women who gave birth naturally in the obstetrics department of the Eighth Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University from June to December 2018 were randomly divided into a test group （90 cases） and a control group （90 cases） using random number table method. The control group breast-feeded on demand in the traditional sitting position， and the experimental group breast-feeded in the infant-dominated reclining position.Results   There were significant differences in maternal postpartum nipple pain， incidence of nipple cleft palate and breastfeeding satisfaction at maternal discharge （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the ratio of exclusive breastfeeding between the two groups.The significance （P>0.05）， the difference between the 3rd day and the 7th day after birth were statistically significant （P<0.01），the test group was better than the control group.Conclusion   Infant-led reclining posture breastfeeding can reduce maternal nipple pain， incidence of nipple splitting， increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in early postpartum and maternal breastfeeding satisfaction，help women establish early breastfeeding behavior， and improve postpartum 6 The pure breastfeeding rate during the month laid a good foundation.

【Key words】Primipara;Breastfeeding;Nipple chap;Nipple pain

母乳是最適合新生儿的天然食品，也是母亲给新生儿健康免疫的第一份礼物。产后初期是各种哺乳问题的频发阶段，有研究证明[1]，产妇在产后一周内如因各种因素导致母乳喂养未能顺利进行，后期纯母乳喂养的难度将明显增加。而产妇因母乳喂养体位和哺乳姿势不规范是导致产后初期纯母乳喂养率降低、母乳喂养失败的主要原因[2]。本研究拟探讨由婴儿主导的后躺式哺乳姿势在产后初期阶段的应用效果及可行性，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1  一般资料

选取2018年6月～12月在中大八院自然分娩的符合条件的初产妇各90例，签订知情同意书，按随机数字表分成对照组和试验组两组。

1.2  方法

1.2.1 人员培训