数字表述的翻译

秋千影

政治文献中，为了表述简洁，经常使用数字形式，比如“四风”“八项规定”等。这类表述的翻译当以达意为要，有时直译，有时意译。今天，我们一起考察英文版《习近平谈治国理政》中含有数字文字的翻译，期能对各位翻译爱好者有所启示。

一带一路 the Belt and Road Initiative

“一个中国”政策 One China policy

一国两制 One Country， Two Systems

两个毫不动摇 the “two unswervinglys”

两不愁、三保障 guarantee the basic needs of food and clothing for those living in poverty and ensure that they have proper access to compulsory education， medical care， and safe housing

两个务必 the two musts

两个翻番 double Chinas 2010 GDP and per capita income by 2020

“两个一百年”的奋斗目标 the Two Centenary Goals

“两学一做”学习教育 the “Two Studies， One Action” education campaign

兩会 the two sessions： the National Peoples Congress and the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference （NPC and CPPCC）

两手抓，两手都要硬 push for material progress on the one hand and cultural and ethical progress on the other， with great importance attached to both

“三个代表”重要思想 the important thought of the Three Represents

“三讲”教育 the “Three Emphases” Education

三通 the three direct links

三严三实 three stricts and three earnests

三股势力 the “three forces” of terrorism， separatism and extremism

三农 agriculture， rural areas and farmers

三会一课 regular branch meetings， branch committee meetings， group meetings， and Party lectures

“三期叠加”阶段 （增长速度换挡期、结构调整阵痛期、前期刺激政策消化期）the stage of shifting the growth rate， restructuring the economy， and addressing the impact of previous stimulus policies

三重一大 major issues， important appointments and removals， major projects， and the use of large amounts of money

三网一化 networks of high-speed railway， expressway and regional civil aviation， and industrialization

四风 the Four Malfeasances （of going through the motions， excessive bureaucracy， self-indulgence， and extravagance）

四项基本原则 the Four Cardinal Principles

四大考验 the four tests （of exercising governance， carrying our reform and opening up， developing the market economy and responding to external development）

“四个全面”战略布局 the Four-pronged Strategy

“四个意识”the Four Consciousnesses

四个自信 have confidence in the path， theory， system and culture of socialism

四种危险 the four risks （of inertia， incompetence， being divorced from the people， and corruption and other negative phenomena）

五大发展理念（创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享）five concepts of de-velopment： innovative， coordinated， green， open， and inclusive

“五位一体”总体布局 the Five-point Strategy

五大支柱 five major pillars

六个紧紧围绕 the six centering-ons

八项规定 the Eight Rules

八股文 the eight-legged essay

“九二共识”the 1992 Consensus

十一届三中全会 the third plenary session of the 11th CPC Central Committee

“十三五”规划 the 13th Five-year Plan

其实，在非时政类文章中，也经常碰到数字。根据我个人经验，为了准确移译，有时需要化实为虚，例如：

原文：当年，苏东坡以诗会友，问曰：“我与柳永何人词佳？”人对曰：“唱苏词需寻来八尺关西大汉，手持铁板唱‘大江东去，唱柳词则要请二八佳人持象牙板唱‘小桥流水。”

原译： Once， poet Su Dongpo asked in a poetry salon： “Who is a better ci poet， Liu Yong or I？” There came a clever response： “To sing Sus pieces would need a ‘Guanxi Hanzi eight-chi tall， bellowing ‘the Great River eastward flows with iron clappers in his hands. To sing Lius pieces would need a 16-year-old rosebud， crooning ‘under small bridges streams flow with ivory clappers.”

改譯： Once， Su Dongpo （1037—1101）， a famed poet in the Song Dynasty （960—1279）， asked in a poetry salon： “ Who is the better poet， Liu Yong or I？” There came a clever response： “To sing Sus pieces involves a towering giant with iron clappers， bellowing ‘the Great River flows eastward; whereas to sing Lius pieces involves a rosebud with ivory clappers， crooning ‘under small bridges streams flow.”

在可读性方面，原译与改译，孰优孰劣，一目了然。                              □