完形填空

先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。

（一）

One of my patients， a successful businessman， tells me that before his cancer he would become depressed unless things went a certain way. ___1___ was “having the cookie. If you had the cookie， things were good. If you didnt have the cookie， life wasnt ___2___ a damn[诅咒]. Unfortunately， the cookie kept ___3___. Some of the time it was money， sometimes power， sometimes sex. At ___4___ times， it was the new car， the ___5___ contract， the most prestigious[有威望的] address. A year and a half after his diagnosis[診断] of cancer he sits ___6___ his head ruefully. “Its like I ___7___ learning how to live after I was a kid. When I give my son a cookie， he is ___8___. If I take the cookie away or it ___9___， he is unhappy. But he is two and a half and I am forty-three. Its taken me this long to ___10___ that the cookie will never make me happy for long. The minute you have the cookie it starts to crumble[碎裂] or you start to ___11___ it crumbling or about someone trying to take it away from you. You know， you have to ___12___ a lot of things to take care of the cookie， to keep it from crumbling and be ___13___ that no one takes it away from you. You may not even get a chance to eat it ___14___ you are so busy just trying not to lose it. Having the cookie is not what life is about.”

My patient ___15___ and says cancer has changed him. For the first time he is happy. No matter if his ___16___ is doing well or not， no matter if he wins or loses at golf. “Two years ago， cancer asked me， ‘Okay， whats important？ What is ___17___ important？ Well， life is important. Life. Life， ___18___ you can have it， life with the cookie， life without the cookie. Happiness does not have ___19___ to do with the cookie; it has to do with being alive. Before， who made the time？” He ___20___ thoughtfully. “Damn， I guess life is the cookie.”

（ ）1. A. Weakness B. Sadness C. Happiness D. Tiredness

（ ）2. A. worth B. waste C. cost D. afford

（ ）3. A. staying B. saying C. living D. changing

（ ）4. A. another B. others C. other D. the other

（ ）5. A. most B. biggest C. lowest D. deepest

（ ）6. A. pressing B. shocking C. nodding D. shaking

（ ）7. A. stopped B. admitted C. wished D. enjoyed

（ ）8. A. surprise B. happy C. disappointed D. angry

（ ）9. A. blends B. hits C. breaks D. knocks

（ ）10. A. explain B. understand C. research D. discover

（ ）11. A. care about B. bring about C. think about D. worry about

（ ）12. A. give up B. build up C. clear up D. keep up

（ ）13. A. complete B. true C. sure D. suitable

（ ）14. A. so B. until C. if D. because

（ ）15. A. cries B. replies C. laughs D. quarrels

（ ）16. A. business B. happiness C. study D. analyse

（ ）17. A. almost B. pretty C. really D. usually

（ ）18. A. any more B. any way C. any old D. any one

（ ）19. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything

（ ）20. A. troubles B. pauses C. disturbs D. introduce

（二）

In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts say the ___1___ is to make jobs more varied[多樣的]. But do more varied jobs ___2___ greater productivity？ There is evidence to suggest that ___3___variety certainly makes the workers life more enjoyable， it doesnt ___4___ make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned， then， ___5___ is not an important factor.

Other experts feel that giving the worker___6___ to do his job in his own way is important， and there is no doubt that this is true. The ___7___ is that this kind of freedom cant easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated[复杂的] machinery which must be used in a ___8___ way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important， there is usually very little that can be done to ___9___ it.

Another important ___10___ is how much each worker ___11___ to the product he is making. In most factories the worker ___12___ only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now ___13___ with having many small production lines rather than one large one， so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his___14___. It would seem that not only is degree of worker contribution an important factor ___15___ it is one we can do something about.

To what___16___ does more money lead to greater productivity？ The workers themselves certainly think this is ___17___. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. ___18___ just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A ___19___ argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we ___20___ making their jobs more interesting， they will neither want more money， nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.

（ ）1. A. answer B. course C. attempt D. system

（ ）2. A. run across B. lead to C. result from D. pick up

（ ）3. A. because B. as C. while D. as though

（ ）4. A. mentally B. physically C. carefully D. actually

（ ）5. A. variety B. relaxation C. creativity D. machinery

（ ）6. A. judgement B. freedom C. direction D. comfort

（ ）7. A. secret B. skill C. problem D. strength

（ ）8. A. amusing B. dull C. changeable D. fixed

（ ）9. A. use B. create C. supply D. fear

（ ）10. A. measure B. invention C. consideration D. work

（ ）11. A. lie B. sticks C. objects D. contributes

（ ）12. A. likes B. equips C. transports D. sees

（ ）13. A. tired B. pleased C. worrying D. experimenting

（ ）14. A. own B. will C. line D. hand

（ ）15. A. but B. and C. so D. however

（ ）16. A. extent B. quality C. store D. difference

（ ）17. A. natural B. important C. worrying D. unbelievable

（ ）18. A. Rest B. Sports C. Money D. Playing

（ ）19. A. complete B. friendly C. give D. similar

（ ）20. A. advise B. succeed in C. object to D. are tried of

参考答案与解析

（一）

本文讲述了小甜饼的含义，如果你拥有了小甜饼，一切都一帆风顺，但是小甜饼总是不断变换着它的角色，像是金钱、权力和欲望。有时为了防止它破碎或者确定别人不会从你手中夺走它，你不得不放弃许多东西。所以拥有小甜饼并不是生活的全部内容

1. C。由下一句If you had the cookie， things were good，可知此处应指拥有小甜饼是一种幸福（happiness）。weakness意为“软弱，弱点”，sadness意为“悲哀”，tiredness意为“疲劳”。

2. A。worth意为“值得”，waste意为“浪费”，cost意为“花费”，afford意为“负担的起”，此处应为life wasnt worth a damn，意思是生活一文不值。

3. C。从Some of the time it was money， sometimes power， sometimes sex，可知此处指小甜饼一直处在不听改变中，

4. B。other意为“其他的”，符合此处语境。another表示“另一的”，后面应接单数名词，故排除，the other表示“剩下的”，是两个其中的“另一个”，others表示“有些”，与some相对。

5. D。contract指“核桃，契约”，此处应指小甜饼有时表现为一份数额最大的合同，故答案为D。

6. A。因为被诊断出患有癌症，从后面的话可以看出当时他很悲观，所以应是摇（shake）着头说的。press意为“压，按”，shock意为“震动”，nod意为“点头”。

7. C。根据后文内容，此处应指长大以后好像就不知道怎样生活了，stop learning指“停止了学习”。

8. B。通过后面If I take the cookie away or it ___9___， he is unhappy，可知此处应为happy，两句表示对比。

9. D。由The minute you have the cookie it starts to crumble（碎裂）可知，此處为与crumble意义相近的词，几个选项中，只有break意为“破裂”，符合要求。

10. A。此处应指我花了这么长的时间才明白小甜饼并不能使我长久感到幸福，understand意为“了解，明白”。

11. C。care about意为“关心”，bring about意为“引起，使发生”，think about意为“思考”，worry about意为“担心”，这里指担心小甜饼会碎裂，C项最为符合此处语境。

12. B。give up 表示“放弃”，此处指为了小甜饼不得不放弃许多东西。build up 意为“树立，增进”，clear up意为“整理，消除”，keep up意为“保持”。

13. D。分析题意。这里应是确定别人不会从你手中夺走它，be sure表示“确信”。

14. A。你甚至没有时间享受它，因为你一直忙于不让自己失去它，后一句应是前一句的原因，故答案为because。

15. C。由cancer has changed him和For the first time he is happy可知，此时他是非常乐观的，因此是笑着说。

16. D。全文第一句One of my patients， a successful businessman可知，这位病人是个商人，此处应指不论他的生意是否一帆风顺，故答案选D。

17. B。此处应指什么才是真正重要的，really意为“真正地，实在地”，最为符合此处语境，pretty意为“很，非常”。

18. A。any more意为“再，还”，any way 意为“无论如何”any old意为“随便什么……都”，any one意为“任何一个的”，这里意为“无论如何你都拥有生命”最为恰当。

19. D。have something to do with的意思是“与……有关”，其中something可以替代，这里放在否定句中，因此使用anything，表示无关。

20. B。比较几个选项，trouble意为“使烦恼”，pauses意为“停顿”，disturb意为“扰乱，打搅”，introduce意为“介绍”，从后面的内容看，此处应指他若有所思地停顿了一下，故答案为B。

（二）

本文主要是围绕如何提高工人的生产力展开的。

1. A。前面说“许多国家面临这种问题，就是如何才能使工人生产力高”，一些专家说“该问题的答案就是使工作多样性”。

2. B。作者发出质疑，“工作多样性就能导致更大的生产力吗”。lead to“导致”。

3. C。由句子it doesnt ___4___ make him work harder可知前面的连词表示“尽管”之意。

4. D。本句话意思是“有迹象表明尽管多样性能够使工人的生活更具有享受性，但实际上它并不能使工人们更努力地工作”。actually“实际上”。

5. A。上面介绍了“多样性”这个话题，所以现在予以总结“多样性不是重要的因素”。

6. B。由后面的解释to do his job in his own way，可知“这是一种自由的表现形式”。

7. C。本句话中that从句中的内容是存在的一个“问题”。

8. D。复杂的机械有一套“固定的”使用方法。fixed“固定的”。

9. B。根据意思“尽管选择的自由可能重要，通常不能有为选择它做什么。”create“做”。

10. C。上文提到“给工人们更多的自由”，这是专家所考虑的一个方案，所以推断是“另外一个重要的考虑”。

11. D。本句话意思是“另外一个重要的考虑就是每个工人对他生产的产品贡献了多少”。

12. D。每个工人只负责产品的某一个环节，所以认为“工人只能看到产品的一个部分”。

13. D。提到的作法只不过是一些汽车厂家的实验。

14. C。由句子Some car factories are now __13___ with having many small production lines rather than one large one可知，所填词表示“生产线”比较恰当。

15. A。本句话为not only…but （also）结构。

16. A。作者再次提出问题“更多的钱能够带来更大的生产率究竟到什么程度”。extent“程度”。

17. B。工人工作主要是为了赚钱，故推断“他们认为上面的提法很重要”。

18. C。由句子But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. 推测。

19. D。“用增加钱的方法来提高生产力”与“要求缩短工作时间来提高生产力”具有“相似”之处。

20. B。从“他们既不多要钱，也不想缩短工作时间”，可以推測“是在我们能够把工作变得更有趣的前提下”。succeed in“成功做某事”。