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On Kang-i Sun Chang’s Academia Research and Literary Creations

Han Han

Abstract:Kang-i Sun Chang is a representative scholar in international sinological studies and a famous Chinese essayist.Her education and academic training at home and abroad determined that her academic research not only has a feminist research perspective, but also that she is good at interpreting Chinese classical literature with the modern research methods of European and American literary theories.This is the foundation of Kang-i Sun Chang’s academic thought system, and it has had a relatively important impact on her literary creation.This paper attempts to make a comprehensive and systematic study of Sun’s academic research and literary creation practice, and then make a preliminary summary of her academic and literary thoughts.

Key words:Kang-i Sun Chang, feminism, European and American literary theories, Chinese classic literature

Research on Ouyang Xiu in European and American Sinology from the Perspective of Literary Studies

Wang Bing

Abstract:In view of Ouyang Xiu’s tremendous achievements in the fields of Chinese literature, history and philosophy in Northern Song China, a group of renowned sinologists from Europe and America, such as James T.C.Liu, James J.Y.Liu, Yu-shih Chen, Peter K.Bol, Ronald C.Egan, and Richard L.Davis, have conducted a series of comprehensive or detailed studies, based on the translation and introduction of Ouyang Xiu’s various works.This article attempts to sort out and analyze the achievements of research on Ouyang Xiu with a focus on the literary studies in European and American Sinology from the two aspects of research content and characteristics.Generally speaking, the overall study of Ouyang Xiu by the European and American scholars mainly focuses on his political, ideological and literary achievements and the relationships among the three.Some of the research on Ouyang Xiu puts particular emphasis on the field of literature, including literary theory and literary genres.Meanwhile, European and American scholars clearly show the special characteristics of emphasizing translation,text and various details in Ouyang Xiu’s studies.

Key words:Ouyang Xiu, European and American Sinologists, literary research, Text-Centered theory

Research Trends of Modern China’s Political History in Japan’s Academic Circles (2010—2015)

Liang Shan

Abstract:With China’s Gross Domestic Product surpassing Japan’s in 2010, Chinese history studies in Japan’s historian circle has become slightly different from what it used to be.Generally speaking, in the five years from 2010 to 2015, there seemed to be a lack of momentum among Japan’s historians to conduct modern Chinese political history (1840—1919) studies, topics centered on historic events and historical figures such as recomment on Sun Yat-sen and new perspectives of the Opium War remain widely discussed.Besides, studies of differentperiods of Chinese modern history are getting attention as well, which is also beneficial to China’s academic circle.

Key words:political history, Japan academic circle, modern trend

Missionaries’ Translation of Catholic Hagiographies in Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties

Jia Haiyan

Abstract:Catholic missionaries paraphrased various hagiographical works and published them under titles such asTianzhu Shengjiao Shengren Xingshi,Sheng Ruosafa Shimo,Sheng Ruose XingshiandDexing Puin late Ming and early Qing dynasties.Through these translations, the most popular European hagiographies likeVitae PatrumandFlos Sanctorumwere spread into China.The hagiographical works translated by the missionaries reveal both the content of the eastward spread of western Catholic literature and the historical content of Chinese Christian literature.Therefore, the study of these works has research value not only for comparative literature, but also for the history of various aspects of Chinese Christian literature.

Key words:late Ming and early Qing dynasties, missionaries, hagiography, Catholic literature, Chinese Christian literature

A Preliminary Study of Early Chinese Christian Novels Published in Southern China and Southeast Asia

Hyebin Lim

Abstract:The prohibition of doing the missionary work in late Ming dynasty made it impossible for western missionaries to preach in the hinderlands of China.As a result, until the end of the Opium War, Southern China and the Southeast Asia regions (Nanyang) became their bases for missionary activity.At these places, missionaries published a number of Chinese novels for missionary use.According to the statistics, there were about 17 kinds of Chinese novels on Christian stories published in Guangdong province and Nanyang regions, which could be divided into three categories according to the methods of composition: original novels, translated novels and the adapted novels based on theBible.As an introduction of these early Chinese Christian novels, this paper mainly discusses the methods of composition and the thematic features, as well as the relationship between the novels and the regional culture of southern China, such as Guangdong and Fujian Pronvinces.

Key words:Southern China, Nanyang, Chinese Christian novels

A Reconsideration of Two Issues on Liaozhai Zhiyi Studies from the Perspective of Western Sinology in the 19th Century

Ren Zengqiang

Abstract:Western scholars constructed the original commentary and translation genealogy ofLiaozhai Zhiyiin the 19thcentury, however, there are still some disputes or inadequate explanations on the controversial issues ofLiaozhai Zhiyiin academic circles in China, such as who was the first westerner to readLiaozhaiZhiyiand whether Minister Wang Yuyang once intended to buy the manuscript ofLiaozhai Zhiyi.Based on a close reading of English documents, a conclusion can be drawn that the German missionary Charles Gützlaff was the first to accessLiaozhaiZhiyirather than the American missionary Samuel Wells Williams, and that Minister WangYuyang paid Pu Songling, the author ofLiaozhai Zhiyi, a certain large sum of money for the permission to add a few observations, rather than that he intended to buy theLiaozhaiZhiyimanuscript.

Key words:Liaozhai Zhiyi, Charles Gützlaff, Samuel Wells Williams, William Frederick Mayers, Wang Yuyang

Image Construction in the Annotations of English and Russian Versions of Liaozhai Zhiyi

Wang Ye

Abstract:Literary translation, especially with the annotations in classical literary translations, is an active field of cultural exchange and of comparison and mutual learning between China and the West.Compared with the annotations of original literary works, the most prominent feature of translation annotations is that they have the function of representation.While interpreting the culture, the translators also construct the cultural image of“the Other” from the perspective of “the Self”.Based on the comparative analysis of the annotations in English and Russian versions ofLiaozhai Zhiyi, this paper uses the principles of imagology in comparative literature to investigate the similarities and differences of Chinese cultural images constructed by two sinologists, Herbert Giles and Vassily Alexeev, and reveals the subtle interactions between “the Self” and “the Other” behind the image building.

Key words:translator’s notes ofLiaozhai Zhiyi, Herbert Giles, Vassily Alexeev, image construction, the Self and the Other

A Study on The Story of the Stone: A Translator’s Notebook by David Hawkes

Bao Dewang & Liang Jiawei

Abstract:Based on the original material from David Hawkes’sThe Story of the Stone: A Translator’s Notebook, this paper attempts to reveal Hawkes’ little known efforts and hardships in the English translation ofHongloumengfrom four aspects: study on the author, textual research, the translation process and the translation skills.Clearly theNotebookis a new basis for critical research on Hawkes’The Story of the Stone.

Key words:David Hawkes,Hongloumeng,A Translator’s Notebook, translation process

The Anglo-Chinese College and Women Education in Late Qing Dynasty

Pan Lin

Abstract:Education for women in late Qing dynasty basically originated overseas.In the early stage, Mary Legge, James Legge’s wife, established Ying Wa Girl’s School, which was closely related to the Christian church.However, due to a variety of reasons, there are very few documents and relevant studies left by Ying Wa Girl’s School.The names of prominent Chinese students at the Anglo-Chinese College are all on record, but almost all of the girls who received education, including Jane Asha, who accompanied the Legges back to England, are missing.This paper, by sorting out the minutes and letters of church archives and meetings, seeks for the situation of women education in the initial stage of the Anglo-Chinese College, and to some extent reconstructs the efforts of these early women educators who have been invisible in history.

Key words:Anglo-Chinese College, women education, James Legge, Jane Asha

The Matchlock Came to China: The Introduction of the Niaochong into Ming Dynasty

Pang Naiming

Abstract:The European matchlock introduced to China after the reign of the Zhengde Emperor was generally calledNiaochong(鸟铳).The whole process of theNiaochongbeing introduced into China in Ming dynasty lasted more than one hundred years.In this process, Europeans who came to the East, especially Portuguese and Spanish, played an irreplaceable leading role.The Japanese, the Southeast Asians and the Koreans who learned how to manufacture and use the matchlock from the Europeans were also significant intermediaries in this process.Besides, the Turks who had settled down in Beijing also introduced the technique about the matchlock into China.This paved the way for the introduction of theNiaochonginto China through five routes.The gradual progress and the popularization of these European matchlocks eventually led to the major reform of military equipment for individual soldiers in the middle and late Ming dynasty.

Key words:Niaochong, matchlock, Portugal, Spain, Ming dynasty

A Study of the First American Ambassador to China: Anson Burlingame and His Translation Activities

Peng Ping & Zhu Jie

Abstract:This paper, based on the concept “intermediary” in translation studies, illustrates Anson Burlingame’s role in the translation ofA Psalm of LifeandElements of International Lawinto Chinese and ofWorld Geographyby Xu Jishe into English.He especially wrote a summary of the English version of the latter to introduce it into America.Through his introduction of the books and his involvement in the translation, he helped to facilitate the communication between China and America.In particular, Burlingame, as an intermediary in translation, contributed to promoting China’s integration into the new world’s system.

Key words:Anson Burlingame, intermediary of translation,A Psalm of Life,Elements of International Law,World Geography

Other-Shaped Images and Self-Shaped Images: Chinese Objects in the Overseas Travel Notes in Late Imperial China

Zhang Ping

Abstract:Using imagology as developed in the field of comparative literature as an effective method of cross-cultural research, this paper studies that the image of Chinese objects in the travel notes in late Qing dynasty as a kind of expression in the cross-cultural context.Chinese objects that appeared in the western world were an important image of China, and were the combination of other-shaped images and self-shaped images.This paper holds that the image of China was simplified to a cultural symbol through various objects that are separated from the historical process.The conflict between Chinese cultural symbols and the new space and time prompts the authors of the travel notes to rethink the direction and prospect cultural identity.

Key words:Chinese objects, the image of China, cultural symbol, cultural identity

The Scientific Activity of the Jesuits in Kiang-nan (1842—1953)

Ren Yi

Abstract:From the perspective of the sociology of scientific knowledge and the scientific practices of Jesuits in Kiang-nan from the second half of the 19th century to the first half of the 20th century, this paper attempts to analyze the important influence of cultural capital, economic support and political power on the operation of scientific field by reviewing and interpreting Chinese and French documents scattered in various archives, local Chronicles, newspapers and journals, to reveal the close relationship between scientific work and religious belief,the close cooperation between religious expansion and secularization patterns, and the relativization of scientific self-discipline caused by social forces in the construction of scientific knowledge in which the traditional scientific discourse and social context of the Jesuit order are involved.

Key words:Jesuit, Kiang-nan, scientific research

A Study of Lu Xinyuan’s Manuscript Wuxing Wenxian Zhi in Japan

Li Chengqing

Abstract:Through textual research on the manuscript ofWuxing Wenxian Zhiin Waseda University Library of Japan, it can be judged that it is the manuscript of Lu Xinyuan.It is an unfinished work that he started to work on when compilingGuianxianzhi.According to the inscriptions and postscript at the end of the manuscript, its origin and dissemination to Japan can be verified, and the nature of the manuscript can be preliminarily explored.Wuxing Wenxian Zhicollected all the articles about Wuxing County in the previous dynasties and selected the cases of false printing and the confiscation of money and grain fromDonghua Xulu, which showed that it was an attempt to compile the stories of Wuxing County under the guidance of the theory of Zhang Xuecheng’s local chronicles.This manuscript ofWuxing Wenxian Zhiis both valuable as a cultural relic and as new material for research on Lu Xinyuan’s academic thoughts.

Key words:Lu Xinyuan,Wuxing Wenxian Zhi, manuscript

A Brief Introduction to the Newly-Found Manuscript of Notitia Linguae Sinicae in the Bibliotheca Regia Monacensis

Li Zhen

Abstract:The French Jesuit Joseph de Prémare’sNotitia Linguae Sinicaeis a fundamental work in the history of Western Sinology and the history of Chinese grammar research by westerners, and the history of Chinese language teaching outside of China.There are two manuscripts and one transcript collected in the Bibliothèque Nationale and the British Library.Based on a newly-found manuscript in Bibliotheca Regia Monacensis (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek), this paper attempts to investigate the relationship among manuscripts,transcripts and printed versions and to clarify the basic historical facts of the newly discovered copies.

Key words:Joseph de Prémare,Notitia Linguae Sinicae, manuscript in Bibliotheca Regia Monacensis