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优质护理在血液净化中心的应用效果

2019-11-14胥凌兰

中国当代医药 2019年26期
关键词:优质护理应用效果

胥凌兰

[摘要]目的 探討优质护理在血液净化中心的应用效果。方法 选取2018年1~12月我院收治的30例血液净化患者作为观察组,另选取2017年1~12月30例血液净化患者作为对照组。对照组患者采用常规护理,即加强病情观察,叮嘱其按医嘱用药。观察组患者在常规护理的基础上采用优质护理。比较两组患者的护理总满意度、护理前后生活质量及负面情绪[汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)]评分。结果 两组患者护理前的生活质量评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者护理后的生活质量评分均明显高于护理前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者护理后的生活质量评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的护理总满意度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者护理前的HAMA、HAMD评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者护理后的HAMA、HAMD评分均明显低于护理前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者护理后的HAMA、HAMD评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 优质护理措施从患者的心理、生理需求出发,对血液净化中心治疗的患者进行优质护理护理,可以改善患者的负面情绪,提高护理满意度,有效地改善其生活质量。

[关键词]优质护理;血液净化中心;应用效果

[中图分类号] R473.5     [文献标识码] A     [文章编号] 1674-4721(2019)9(b)-0216-04

Application effect of high quality nursing in blood purification center

XU Ling-lan

Department of Hemodialysis, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jiangxi Province, Ji′an   343000, China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of high quality nursing in blood purification center. Methods A total of 30 patients with blood purification admitted to our hospital from January to December 2018 were selected as observation group, and 30 patients with blood purification from January to December 2017 were selected as the control group. Patients in the control group were given the routine care, that was, the condition was observed, taking medication according to the doctors′ advice. Patients in the observation group were given the high quality nursing on the basis of the routine care. The total nursing satisfaction, scores of life quality and negative emotions (Hamilton anxiety scale [HAMA], Hamilton depression scale [HAMD]) before and after nursing were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the quality of life score between the two groups before nursing (P>0.05). The quality of life scores in the two groups after nursing were significantly higher than those before nursing, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The quality of life scores in the observation group after nursing were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The total nursing satisfaction of patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the HAMA and HAMD scores between the two groups before nursing (P>0.05). The HAMA and HAMD scores of the two groups after nursing were significantly lower than those before nursing, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The HAMA and HAMD scores in the observation group after nursing were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The high quality nursing measures starting from the psychological and physiological needs of patients, high quality nursing for patients treated in blood purification centers can improve their negative emotions, increase nursing satisfaction, and effectively improve life quality of patients.

本研究结果显示,两组患者护理后的生活质量评分均明显高于护理前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者护理后的生活质量评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的护理总满意度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者护理后的HAMA、HAMD评分均明显低于护理前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者护理后的HAMA、HAMD评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。提示血液净化中心采取优质护理措施,可以改善患者的负面情绪,从而提高患者的护理满意度,提高患者的生活质量,与相关研究结果相一致[16]。

优质护理措施从患者的心理、生理需求出发,给予患者多方面的护理服务,能够有效地改善患者的负面情绪,提高患者治疗的配合度,进而改善患者的症状,改善护患关系。优质护理理念在临床护理中应用越来越广泛,该护理理念应用于肾衰竭血液净化患者能够有效地减少并发症发生,加快病情好转,缩短治疗时间,改善护理质量。本研究优质护理措施主要包括3个方面,具体如下。①饮食护理:血液净化期间患者需要消耗大量能量,身体免疫力比较低,容易受到细菌感染;增强患者的身体营养,提高患者身体免疫力,有利于提高患者抵抗病菌入侵的能力,从而有利于改善患者的预后。为患者制定个体化的饮食方案,指导患者如何搭配营养饮食,让患者提高对合理营养搭配的意识。②环境护理:加强血液净化中心环境護理,可以避免患者在治疗期间受到感染,有利于降低院内感染率。因此,患者治疗后应当对血液净化中心进行及时的清洁和消毒,在整个置管的过程中,医护人员应当佩戴口罩、帽子、无菌手术衣。③并发症预防护理:预防并发症与患者预后的改善息息相关,如对于置管感染,必须保持血液净化中心室内的清洁卫生,护理中佩戴无菌帽、口罩、手套,定时更换无菌敷贴、肝素帽,观察患者的皮肤是否异常;对于皮下出血血肿,凝血功能比较差的患者在血液净化治疗时应当适当减少肝素用量。

综上所述,优质护理措施从患者的心理、生理需求出发,对血液净化中心治疗的患者进行优质护理护理,可以改善患者的负面情绪,提高患者的护理满意度,有效地改善患者的生活质量。

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(收稿日期:2019-05-29  本文编辑:任秀兰)

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