河钢塞钢：“钢铁尖兵”筑梦多瑙河畔

贡宪云

河钢集团党委书记、董事长于勇：我们将积极响应国家“一带一路”倡议，以更加开放、包容的姿态积极融入全球钢铁产业链，加强国际资本合作，进一步完善“全球钢铁制造平台”“全球营销服务平台”“全球技术研发平台”，建设“世界的河钢”。

Yu Yong， Party Secretary and CEO of the Hebei Iron and Steel Group（HBIS）： “We will actively respond to the Belt and Road Initiative of our nation and integrate into the global steel industry chain in an ever open and inclusive manner. We will enhance global capital cooperation and growing global steel making platform， global marketing service platform and global technology R&D platform， so as to reposition HBIS to be a global conglomerate.”

4月的多瑙河，碧水潺潺，绿意葱茏，是塞尔维亚人心中最美的地方。

尽管距离多瑙河不远，河钢塞尔维亚公司（简称“河钢塞钢”）总经理赵军，此时却没工夫去欣赏多瑙河畔的美景，随着一系列技改项目紧锣密鼓地落地，他带领中方管理团队与塞方员工一起，全心投入到新设备的引进和调试中。

2016年6月19日，习近平总书记视察河钢塞钢，要求河钢言必信、行必果，打造中国与中东欧国际产能合作和“一带一路”建设样板工程。

近3年，河钢人牢记重托，不辱使命，用行动实践着初心誓言。2018年，河钢塞钢产钢176.9万吨，实现销售收入10.6亿美元，同比增长43.5%，月度生产运营水平连续刷新历史纪录。

在河钢塞钢管理团队这支“钢铁尖兵”的努力下，一个活力迸发、绿色高效的河钢塞钢正在美丽的多瑙河畔崛起。

在河钢塞钢生产车间、接待室等很多地方，都悬挂着中国和塞尔维亚的国旗。

“五星红旗大多是2016年习近平总书记视察时挂上去的，工人们感到亲切，就一直保留到现在。”每当看到这些旗帜，赵军心中总是涌起一种身为中国人的自豪感。

河钢收购斯梅代雷沃鋼厂，堪称中国大型企业“走出去”的典型案例。

斯梅代雷沃钢厂成立于1913年，是塞尔维亚唯一一家国有大型支柱性钢铁企业，被誉为“塞尔维亚的骄傲”。然而，由于国际市场竞争激烈和管理不善等原因，该厂发展一度陷入困境，濒临倒闭。到2015年，设计年产能为220万吨的钢厂，全年产量不到90万吨。

2016年4月，河钢集团以4600万欧元收购了斯梅代雷沃钢厂，并成立了河钢塞钢。

河钢集团能成功么？一时间，质疑声一片。

外界的质疑并非毫无根据。2003年，斯梅代雷沃钢厂破产，以2300万美元的价格卖给美国一家钢铁公司。2012年，美国投资者撤资，塞尔维亚政府以1美元重新收回该钢厂所有权。此后，塞尔维亚政府久久未能寻找到新的投资者。

“这是挑战，更是机遇。”赵军说，此时的河钢，在中国提出“一带一路”倡议的大背景下，正在加速国际化发展战略和产业链全球化布局。2014年，河钢控股瑞士德高公司，使河钢拥有了遍布全球的营销服务平台。一旦收购以欧盟为主要销售对象的斯梅代雷沃钢厂，意味着河钢将在欧洲拥有本土化的全球制造平台，对开拓欧洲市场具有重要意义。

令河钢人倍感振奋的是，收购两个月后，在塞尔维亚进行国事访问的国家主席习近平就来到河钢塞钢视察。

“我相信，在双方密切合作下，斯梅代雷沃钢厂必将重现活力，为增加当地就业、提高人民生活水平、促进塞尔维亚经济发展发挥积极作用。”习近平总书记一番热情洋溢的讲话，激发了河钢人在“做世界河钢”的同时，主动承担起“国家角色”的责任和使命。

不忘初心，牢记使命，河钢集团派出9名经验丰富、业务精湛、素质过硬的河钢塞钢管理团队，扎根异国他乡。仅半年时间，这个百年老厂就扭亏为盈，重回健康发展轨道。2017年，在遭遇极端天气的不利情况下，河钢塞钢全年产钢147.6万吨，实现销售收入7.4亿美元，创历史最好水平。

“我们代表着中国形象、中国角色。”赵军表示，河钢塞钢管理团队时刻牢记习总书记“言必信、行必果”的殷殷嘱托，以饱满热情和斗志，打造“一带一路”建设样板工程，努力将其建成欧洲极具竞争力的钢铁企业。2019年一季度，河钢塞钢产钢46.17万吨，全年产量有望创历年来的新纪录。

连日来，河钢塞钢副总经理王连玺多次来到河钢塞钢轧钢、烧结等车间，检查今年实施的技改项目进展情况。

新建现代化烧结线已做好场地准备，主要设备已自国内发货，烧结效率更高，节能效果更好；连铸涂油机、二号酸洗线焊机等新设备已签订供货合同；步进式加热炉将采用国内最先进的双蓄热式，大大提高转炉煤气利用率，降低天然气消耗……

“这些技改项目全部投用后，河钢塞钢装备和工艺将更加完善，产品档次进一步提升，获得更大的竞争优势。”王连玺说。

作为最早来到河钢塞钢的管理人员之一，3年间，王连玺亲眼见证了这个百年老厂的蝶变。

“收购前，钢厂基本处于半停产状态，很多设备老化陈旧，亟待升级。”王连玺说，这家钢厂一共有两台高炉，但多年以来一直是单台生产。河钢收购后，基于对欧洲钢铁市场的预判和自身实力的信心，决定重启已停产多年的2号高炉。

同时，河钢立即选派技术骨干对钢厂进行设备维修及系统改造，并对塞方原有管理和技术团队进行培训，还对钢厂员工实行一系列奖惩制度，提高了员工的积极性。

“我们带来的不仅是技术和服务，还有先进的管理理念。”王连玺说，钢厂过去没有全成本核算观念，用料只愿意用精料。河钢依靠科技进步和管理创新，建立了全流程成本费用控制，用“经济料”做出高标准的钢材，让塞方员工服了气。

一系列针对性措施，凝聚了人心，提升了企业竞争力。

此后，河钢集团从资本、技术、管理等方面进行全面输出，不遗余力地支持塞钢发展。先后派出11批、近200人次的雄厚技术管理团队，深入生产线进行专业诊断；组建银团为公司提供低成本项目融资；发挥河钢国际营销团队作用，为塞钢稳定原料供应、扩大产品出口提供了巨大平台。

近日，在河钢塞钢冷轧车间一个办公室，设备维修工亚历山大·杜讷柴维奇接到一个维修电话，立即拎起工具箱奔往故障发生地。

亚历山大·杜讷柴维奇一家三代都在这家钢厂工作，外祖父1991年退休，母亲是财务部门主管，父亲和姐夫也在这里上班。像这样的家庭，在以钢铁为支柱产业的斯梅代雷沃市并不罕见。

据了解，斯梅代雷沃市有11万人，其中三分之一从事钢铁相关行业，对钢厂有着深厚感情。

“过去钢厂处于倒闭边缘，员工人心惶惶，最怕的就是失业。河钢来了，承诺钢厂原有员工一个不能少，给我们吃了安心丸。”亚历山大·杜讷柴维奇说，如今，他的工作稳定，收入也不错，让朋友十分羡慕。

“河钢收购的初衷就是要共赢，让企业发展越来越好，而不是简单地获利。”王连玺说。

收购之初，社会上曾有河钢到国外占有资源、攫取利润的质疑。回应社会关切，河鋼集团党委书记、董事长于勇提出河钢塞钢要坚持“三个本地化”原则：用工本地化，除了9名中方管理团队之外，其余全部为当地员工；利益本地化，企业收益主要用于技术改造和规模扩充；文化本地化，完全依照当地法律、法规及文化习俗实施管理和经营。

王连玺曾做过一项调查，发现钢厂一名轧钢工使用上世纪70年代的设备，生产出了厚度仅为0.14毫米的冷轧板材。而这样的冷轧板材，即便使用现代化全自动设备生产都有难度。

“这些员工不是企业的包袱，而是企业的财富。”对塞方员工的深入了解，坚定了中方团队用人本地化的信心。如今，河钢塞钢原有5000名员工全部安置，没有裁减一人，而且还新增了300多个工作岗位。

河钢塞钢首席技术官赵凯星，对利益本地化有着很深感悟。在原材料采购上，钢厂原料以欧洲采购为主。到目前，钢厂投入设备升级改造的资金已达1.9亿美元。

在塞方员工的建议下，河钢塞钢办起了塞文杂志，介绍技改项目，刊登员工故事，还有反映中国文化的文章，内容丰富，员工都爱读。每到节日期间，河钢塞钢还组织开展各种互动性活动与比赛，向员工子女发放礼物，营造了“中塞一家亲”的浓厚氛围。

“公司关注我们员工的日常生活，激励我们更加努力工作。”维斯娜是河钢塞钢的一名库管员，女儿在学校组织的汉语比赛中，赢得了一次去中国学习的机会。令她没想到的是，女儿的中国之行得到河钢塞钢的资助，这让维斯娜至今激动不已。

河钢的到来，让斯梅代雷沃整座城市都发生了积极变化。

在推进企业快速发展的同时，河钢塞钢也自觉担负起应尽的社会责任。近3年来，河钢塞钢投入100多万美元，用于当地道路修建、村庄供水、军烈属家庭儿童慰问、捐资助学等，在国际社会上展现了中国和河北、河钢的良好形象。

“当地基础设施改善了，人们消费能力提高了，开始计划子女教育、医疗以及家庭旅游，生活更加美好，城市更有活力。”河钢塞钢员工斯特维奇·博扬说。

The Danube in April， with clear waters and greenery， is the most beautiful place in the hearts of Serbians.

Zhao Jun， general manager of the Hesteel Group Serbia Iron & Steel （Hesteel Serbia）， does not have time to appreciate the beauty of the Danube though he is not far from the river. With a series of technological renovation projects landing， he leads the Chinese management team and the Serbian staff to devote themselves to the introduction and commissioning of new devices.

On June 19， 2016， General Secretary Xi Jinping inspected the Hesteel Serbia， demanding that the HBIS Group must be true in word， resolute in deed and create a model project for the international capacity cooperation between China and Central and Eastern Europe and the Belt and Road construction.

In the past three years， the people of the HBIS Group have kept their trust in mind， accomplished their missions， and practiced their original vows with action. In 2018， 1.769 million tons of steel were produced by the Hesteel Serbia， achieving sales revenue of USD 1.06 billion with a year-on-year increase of 43.5%. The monthly production and operation level has continuously set a new historical record.

With the efforts of the management team of the Hesteel Serbia， the “Steel Pioneer”， a vigorous， green and efficient Hesteel Serbia is rising along the beautiful Danube.

The national flags of China and Serbia are hung in many places such as production workshops and reception rooms of the Hesteel Serbia.

“Most of the Five-star Red Flags were hung up during General Secretary Xi Jinping’s inspection in 2016. The workers feel cordial and have kept these flags until now.” Whenever he sees these flags， Zhao Jun always feels a sense of pride as a Chinese.

HBIS Group’s acquisition of Smederevo Steel Works is a typical case of “going global” of large Chinese enterprises.

Founded in 1913， Smederevo Steel Mill is the only large state-owned pillar steel enterprise in Serbia， known as the “Serbian national pride”. However， fierce international competition and poor management was leading it to predicament and closure. The designed annual capacity of the steel plant is 2.2 million tons， but the annual output was less than 900，000 tons by 2015.

In April 2016， it changed to the Hesteel Serbia after a 46-million-euro purchase by HBIS in April 2016.

Can HBIS Group Succeed？ For a time， there were a lot of doubts.

The outside doubts were not groundless. In 2003， Smederevo Steel Mill went bankrupt and was sold to an American steel company for USD 23 million. In 2012， the US investors withdrew and the Serbian government regained ownership of the steel plant for one dollar. Since then， the Serbian government has not been able to find new investors for a long time.

“This is a challenge， but also an opportunity，” Zhao Jun said. At this time， under the background of the Belt and Road Initiative of China， HBIS Group is accelerating the internationalization development strategy and the global layout of the industrial chain. In 2014， HBIS Group held the controlling share of Duferco DPH， gaining a global marketing service platform. The acquisition of Smederevo Mill， whose main sales target is the European Union， means that HBIS Group will have a localized global manufacturing platform in Europe， which is of great significance to the development of the European market.

What makes HBIS Group people excited is that President Xi Jinping， who was on a state visit to Serbia， came to the Hesteel Serbia to inspect two months after the acquisition.

“I am confident that， with close cooperation between the two sides， Smederevo Steel Mill will regain its vitality and plays an active role in increasing local employment， improving people’s living standards and promoting Serbian economic development.” General Secretary Xi Jinping’s enthusiastic speech inspired HBIS Group people to take the initiative to bear the responsibility and mission of “national role” while “repositioning HBIS to be a global conglomerate”.

Remaining true to the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind， HBIS Group sent a management team including nine experienced， professional and high-quality staffs to take roots in Serbia. In only half a year， this century-old factory turns its losses into profits and returns to the track of healthy development. In 2017， under the adverse circumstance of extreme weather， the Hesteel Serbia produced 1.476 million tons of steel a year， achieving sales revenue of USD 740 million， the highest level in history.

“We represent the image and role of China.” Zhao Jun said that the management team of the Hesteel Serbia always keeps the sincere instructions of General Secretary Xi Jinping in mind， “One must be true in word and resolute in deed”， so as to build a model project of the Belt and Road construction with full enthusiasm and fighting spirit， and strive to build it into a highly competitive European iron and steel enterprise. In the first quarter of 2019， the Serbia Company of HBIS Group produced 461，700 tons of steel， and its annual output is expected to set a new record over the years.

Over the past few days， Wang Lianxi， deputy general manager of the Hesteel Serbia， has come to the steel rolling and sintering workshops of the Hesteel Serbia for many times to check the progress of technological transformation projects implemented this year.

The site for the construction of new modern sintering line has been prepared. The main devices have been shipped from home， of which the sintering efficiency is higher and the energy-saving effect is better； the new devices such as continuous casting oiler and No. 2 pickling line welder have signed the supply contract； the walking-beam heater will adopt the most advanced double regenerative type in China， which will greatly improve the utilization rate of converter gas and reduce the consumption of natural gas...

“After all these technical renovation projects are put into use， the equipment and technology of the Hesteel Serbia will be greatly improved， the product grade will be further promoted， and greater competitive advantage will be obtained，” said Wang.

As one of the earliest managers to come to the Hesteel Serbia， he has witnessed the transformation of this century-old steelworks during the three years.

“Prior to the acquisition， the steelworks was basically in a semi-shutdown state， and many devices were obsolete and in urgent need of upgrading.”Wang said that the steelworks has two blast furnaces， but has been producing with just one blast furnace for many years. HBIS Group decided to restart the No. 2 blast furnace which had been shut down for many years after achieving its acquisition. The decision was based on the prediction of European steel market and confidence in its own strength.

At the same time， HBIS Group immediately appointed technical backbone to carry out equipment maintenance and system transformation of the steelworks， and trained the original management and technical team of the Serbian side. It also implemented a series of rewards and punishments system for the steelworks employees， thus improving their enthusiasm.

“We bring not only technology and services， but also advanced management concepts，” said Wang. In the past， steelworks did not have a full-cost accounting concept， and it was only willing to use concentrates. Relying on scientific and technological progress and management innovation， HBIS Group has established the cost control of the whole process， and made high-standard steel with “economic materials” to convince the Serbian employees.

A series of targeted measures have gathered people’s hearts and enhanced the competitiveness of enterprise.

Since then， HBIS Group has exported its capital， technology and management in an all-round way， sparing no effort to support the development of the Hesteel Serbia. Strong technical management teams have been successively dispatched to HBIS for 11 times with nearly 200 visits paid， going deep into the production line to conduct professional diagnosis； banking syndicate was formed to provide low-cost project financing for the company； the International Marketing Team of HBIS Group has been given full play in providing a huge platform for stabilizing raw material supply and expanding product export for the Hesteel Serbia.

Recently， in an office in the cold rolling workshop of the Hesteel Serbia， the equipment maintenance worker Alexander Dunezicovic received a call for repair service. Then he immediately picked up the toolbox and rushed to the fault spot.

Three generations of the Dunezicovic family worked in the steel mill. His grandfather retired in 1991， his mother is the head of the Finance Department， and his father and brother-in-law also work here. Families like this are common in Smederevo where steel is the pillar industry.

It is understood that one-third of 110，000 people in Smederevo are engaged in steel-related industries， and they have deep feelings for the steelworks.

“In the past， the steel mill was on the verge of bankruptcy and workers were in a panic for losing their jobs. Later， HBIS Group rescued the steelworks and promised that all the original employees could stay. It truly relieved us.” Alexander Dunezicovic said. Now his work is stable and income is good， which makes his friends admire him very much.

“The original intention of HBIS Group’s acquisition was to achieve a win-win situation to make the enterprise develop better and better， instead of simply pursuing profit，” Wang Lianxi said.

At the beginning of the acquisition， it was doubted that HBIS Group had gone abroad to occupy resources and seize profits. In response to social concerns， Yu Yong， Party Secretary and President of HBIS Group， proposed that the Hesteel Serbia should adhere to the principle of “three localization”： localization of employment， which means that except the management team with nine Chinese staffs， all employees should be local people； localization of interests， which means that enterprise profits should be mainly used for technological transformation and scale expansion； and localization of culture， which means that management and operation should be full accordance with local laws， regulations and cultural customs.

Wang Lianxi had a survey once and surprisingly found that a rolling worker in the steelworks could produce the cold-rolled sheets which were only 0.14mm thick with the devices from the 1970s. Such cold-rolled sheets are difficult to produce even with modern automatic devices.

“These employees are not the burden but the wealth of the company.” The deep understanding of Serbian employees has strengthened the confidence of Chinese teams and made them adhere to the principle of “localization of employment” continuously. Today， the original 5，000 employees of the Hesteel Serbia have been resettled with no one laid off， and more than 300 new jobs have been added.

Zhao Kaixing， chief technical officer of the Hesteel Serbia， has a deep insight into the localization of interests. In the procurement of raw materials， the raw materials of steelworks are mainly purchased in Europe. Up to now， the funds invested in devices upgrading have reached USD 190 million.

At the suggestion of the Serbian staffs， the Serbian magazine is launched in the Hesteel Serbia to introduce technological transformation projects， publish the stories about staffs and articles reflecting Chinese culture， which are rich in content and popular with the staffs. During the holiday season， the Hesteel Serbia also organizes various interactive activities and competitions， distribute gifts to employees’ children， creating a strong atmosphere of “Chinese and Serbians seeming like a family”.

“The company’s act of paying attention to our daily life encourages us to work harder.” Weisna is a warehouse keeper in the Hesteel Serbia. Her daughter has won a chance to study in China in the Chinese language competition organized by school. To her surprise， her daughter’s trip to China is funded by the Hesteel Serbia， which has made Weisna so excited until now.

With the arrival of HBIS Group， positive changes have taken place in the entire city of Smederevo.

While promoting the rapid development of enterprise， the Hesteel Serbia also consciously assumes its due social responsibility. Over the past three years， the company has invested more than USD 1 million in local road construction， village water supply， consolation for children of military martyrs， donation and other fields， which has demonstrated the good image of China， Hebei and HBIS Group in the international community.

“With local infrastructure improved and people’s consumption capacity increased， children’s education， health care and family tourism can be planed. Life is better and the city is more dynamic，” said Spiegel Boyang， an employee of the Hesteel Serbia.