中巴有条急救走廊

彭纳

2019年3月的一天，中巴博愛医疗急救中心（以下简称“急救中心”）上演了一场与死神竞速的生死救治。来自上海华山医院的急救中心第三批红十字医疗队队长胡承恩告诉记者，病患因胆囊炎发作导致昏厥，“因为瓜达尔地区的水质问题，这里的人普遍患有胆囊炎、胆结石等病症。”在被送进急救中心之前，这名患者已经因为胆囊炎发作进过医院，但由于当地匮乏的医疗资源以及对于病症的轻视，打完点滴肚子不疼后，患者便出院回家了。让他没想到的是，这次发病来势汹汹。

这只是急救中心问诊台上几大盒病例中的一例。从医疗队2017年底来到这个巴国最南端的小镇至今，装病例的盒子已经占据了大半个问诊台。要说起这个当地人都知道的中国医院，那就得从2017年5月17日这一天说起。这天，一个关于“中巴急救走廊”建设的计划落了地。“中巴经济走廊开建后，中国红十字会会长陈竹提出应该在走廊沿线设立一些医疗点，于是，有了‘中巴急救走廊’的概念。”当年9月，由中国红十字会牵头、上海华山医院、上海红房子医院、北京999急救中心组成的第一支医疗队来到了巴基斯坦南部这片沙漠之地。

在距离瓜达尔港大门不远处，一栋红白色为主色调的平房格外显眼，这里便是急救中心所在地。虽然规模不大，但“五脏俱全”，药房、内科、化验室、观察室……“这台是X光机，在国内都算先进的B超机。”胡队长带着我们一边参观一边介绍。

眼前的医院窗明几净、整洁有序，不曾想在2017年时这里还是一片荒地。“第一批十几个队员到达这里时，连住房都没有，只能借瓜达尔港建设方的营地板房，工作、生活。”从胡队长的口中我们得知，到达这里的第一批队员既是医疗队的医生，又是建设者，“那时，港口的淡水处理厂还没建起来，大家喝的都只是简单过滤的水。”很多队员都出现了腹泻等水土不服的症状，就在这样的环境下，医疗队的工作还是逐步开展了起来。

“我记得我们这一批是今年1月到达这里，正好赶上了春节，这也成了我这辈子记忆最深的一个春节。”给胡队长留下深刻印象的除了这个特别的春节，还有那突然响起的枪声。

5月11日，本是一个平静的周六，医疗队队员都在营地的医务室里值班，下午4点左右，一声枪响刺激到了每一个人的神经。“很快，我们就被转移到另一个房间，与外界隔绝开来。”胡队说到这里时语气中还透着一丝紧张。“事发后第一时间，就是给家里报了平安，随后，手机信号就断掉了。”枪声响了差不多一天，大家心都是悬着的，“还有同事把银行卡密码这些信息写了下来。”

不过，当局势稳定，事态被控制住后，队员们又很快投入到了自己的工作中。“我们每一名队员都不容易，都要有极强的心理素质。”

目前，这个不大的急救中心已经登记接诊患者共4280人次，光是第三批医疗队就诊疗了近2000人次。

8月底，完成第三批医疗援助任务的胡承恩即将离开这片坚守了大半年的地方，回到祖国，看得出来，胡队内心有点纠结，既有回国的激动，又有对急救中心的留恋。谈起工作他滔滔不绝，“当地医院的基础设施、设备不算太差，但是其他缺口很大。”胡队长给我们举了几个例子，医院手术室的条件不错，但依旧无法进行手术，因为医院没有一个麻醉师。当地医院的B超机也不错，但没有医生会用。“这也提醒了我们，下一步，在开展援助的同时，也要加强当地医疗人才的培养。”未来，急救中心将全部交付巴基斯坦方运行，“现在，急救中心的巴基斯坦患者占到病患人数的80%-90%，我们在这里看病存在一个很大的弊端——语言。”因为语言不通，急诊室里最常出现的画面是，一个病人旁边站着4个人，除医生、护士外，还有一个既能听懂当地方言又会讲乌尔都语的翻译，他问清病情后转达给既会乌尔都语又能讲一点英文的另一个翻译，由他再用英文将病情转达给医生。“这样来回翻译，有些时候病情已经表达得南辕北辙了。”但如果是当地医生直接坐诊，这个问题就不再存在。

据悉，第四批医疗队将在9月中下旬抵达了这里，一批批队员用自己的坚守一点点改变着当地人“看病难”的问题，也为急救走廊的建设打下了坚实的基础。目前，急救走廊的第二个站点将考虑在俾路支省的首府奎塔建设。今后，站点还将沿着“中巴经济走廊”一路延伸下去。

One day in March 2019， a battle against death happened in China-Pakistan Fraternity Emergency Care Center （“Emergency Care Center”）. Hu Chengen， Head of the 3rd Red Cross Medical Team from Huashan Hospital， Shanghai， told the reporter that the patient’s faint was caused by cholecystitis， “Because of water quality problem in Gwadar District， cholecystitis， gallstone and other diseases are common here.” Before being sent to the Emergency Care Center， the patient had been sent to hospital after an attack of cholecystitis. Yet because of the shortage of local medical resources and neglect over the disease， the patient was discharged from the hospital when he felt well after a transfusion. Little had he expected that， another onset of the disease was more serious.

This was one of the cases contained in the boxes on inquiry counter in the Emergency Care Center. Since late 2017 when the medical team settled down in the southernmost town in Pakistan， the case boxes have occupied half of the inquiry counter. Stories of the well-known Chinese hospital began from May 17， 2017. On that day， a plan of building “ChinaPakistan Emergency Corridor” was worked out.“After the construction of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor began， Chen Zhu， Chairman of Red Cross Society of China， proposed to set up some medical centers along the Corridor， hence the concept ‘ChinaPakistan Emergency Corridor’.” In September that year， the first medical team， initiated by Red Cross Society of China and supported by Huashan Hospital and Red House Hospital in Shanghai and Beijing 999 Emergency Center， set foot on the desert in southern Pakistan.

Not far away from the gate of Gwadar Port， you can see a striking red-white one-storey house， the premise of the Emergency Care Center. Though small in size， the Emergency Care Center is equipped with pharmacy， internal medicine department， clinical laboratory， observation room， and other departments.“This is an X-ray machine， and that is a cutting-edge B-ultrasound scanner. ” Mr. Hu led us around and introduced to us.

The place where the clean and well-arranged hospital sits was once a wasteland in 2017. “When the first batch of 10-plus members came， they had no room to lodge and had to work and live in the camp houses of the contractor of Gwadar Port.” According to Mr. Hu， the first team members acted as doctors of the medical team and builders， “Back then， when the fresh water treatment plant of the Port had yet been built up， they had to drink water with simple treatment.”Unaccustomed to local climate， many team members developed symptoms like diarrhea. Despite such an environment， they still launched their works.

“I remember that this batch arrived here in January this year， when it was time for the Spring Festival. It is the most unforgettable Spring Festival in my life.”Besides the special Spring Festival， another thing that impressed him was a burst of gunfire.

On May 11， an otherwise quiet Saturday， all members of the medical team were on duty in the clinic. Around 4：00 p.m.， a burst of gunfire shocked the nerve of everyone. “Soon， we were transferred to another room and separated from the outside world.”There was a tone of tension when Mr. Hu recalled the matter. “The first thing I did after that was calling home. Afterwards， mobile phone signals broke down.” Sound of the gunfire can be heard almost the whole day. Everyone was nervous， “Some of my colleagues even wrote down information of their bank card password.”

Yet soon after the situation stabilized and everything was controlled， the team members all engaged themselves to their works again. “Each of our team members has a strong heart.”

Up to now， the small emergency center has received 4，280 medical cases， among which 2，000 cases were treated by the third batch of medical team.

In late August， when the third batch of medical care task is finished， Hu Chengen will leave the place where he has worked for over half a year and return home. Mixed feelings can be seen on his face， the excitement of returning home and the reluctance of leaving here. He dashed along about the work here，“The infrastructure and facilities in the hospital are not bad. But there are huge deficiencies in other aspects.”He cited several examples： though the operating room is fine， surgery cannot be done since there is no anesthetist； the B-ultrasound scanner in local hospital is good， but no doctor can operate it. “It also reminds us that going forward， we should train more local medical workers as part of assistance.” In the future， the whole Emergency Care Center will be delivered to Pakistan，“Now the Emergency Care Center receives 80-90% of all Pakistan patients. We face another barrier in offering medical services， language.” Because of the language barrier， a common scene in emergency room is： one patient is surrounded by four people： doctor， nurse， and an interpreter who can understand local dialect and speak Urdu. After making clear of the patient’s conditions， he would convey the information to another interpreter who can speak Urdu and a little English. The latter would convey the information to the doctor in English. “In this way， many errors occur in this process.” There is no such problem for a local doctor.

The 4th medical team arrived here in late August. All members stick to their posts to deliver medical services to local people， laying a solid foundation for the building of “China-Pakistan Emergency Corridor”. At this point， a plan is being made to build the second center of the “China-Pakistan Emergency Corridor”in Quetta， capital of Baluchistan Province. In the future， more such centers will be built along the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.