延续性护理对老年冠心病不稳定性心绞痛患者的护理效果及不良事件预防效果

霍向红 周迎春

[摘要] 目的 探讨延续性护理应用在冠心病不稳定性心绞痛中的临床护理效果及应用价值。方法 方便选取2017年6月—2018年10月在该院接受治疗老年冠心病不稳定性心绞痛患者190例，按照护理方法不同分为A组和B组，A组采取常规护理，B组采取延续性护理，对比两组护理效果。结果B组干预后活动受限得分（83.55±5.76）分，心绞痛发作（92.54±5.89）分，治疗满意度（94.65±5.51）分，生活质量（85.13±5.76）分;A组干预后活动受限得分（71.32±4.65）分，心绞痛发作（80.76±4.91）分，治疗满意度（87.76±4.46）分，生活质量（73.65±3.54）分，组间对比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。B组发生顽固性心绞痛4例，急性心肌梗死3例，心律失常2例，心源性休克0例;A组发生顽固性心绞痛18例，急性心肌梗死13例，心律失常11例，心源性休克7例，组间对比差异有统计学意义（χ2=3.187 3、4.011 3、3.298 7、3.889 1，P<0.05）。结论 延续性护理应用在冠心病不稳定性心绞痛中可以提升患者生存质量，减少院外不良事件发生，值得在临床推广应用。

[关键词] 延续性护理;老年;冠心病;不稳定性心绞痛;不良事件

[中图分类号] R473          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-0742（2019）06（a）-0156-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical nursing effect and value of continuity nursing in the unstable angina pectoris of coronary heart disease. MethodsA total of conveniently selected 190 patients with unstable angina pectoris were treated in our hospital from June 2017 to October 2018. They were divided into group A and group B according to the nursing methods， group A took regular nursing care， group B took continuous nursing care， and compared two groups of nursing effects. Results Group B had limited activity score （83.55±5.76）points， angina attack （92.54±5.89）points， treatment satisfaction （94.65±5.51）points， and quality of life （85.13±5.76）points; Group A had limited activity score （71.32±4.65）points， angina attack （80.76±4.91）points， treatment satisfaction （87.76±4.46）points， quality of life （73.65±3.54）points. The contrast between the groups was statistically significant （P<0.05）. There were 4 cases of intractable angina pectoris， 3 cases of acute myocardial infarction， 2 cases of arrhythmias and 0 cases of cardiogenic shock in group B. In group A， there were 18 cases of intractable angina pectoris， 13 cases of acute myocardial infarction， 11 cases of arrhythmias， and 7 cases of cardiogenic shock. There were statistically significant differences between groups （χ2=3.187 3， 4.011 3， 3.298 7， 3.889 1， P<0.05）. Conclusion Continuity nursing can improve the quality of life and reduce the occurrence of adverse events in patients with coronary heart disease in unstable angina pectoris.

[Key words] Continuity care; Old age; Coronary heart disease; Unstable angina; Adverse events

冠心病不穩定性心绞痛是临床最为常见的慢性疾病，主要的发病原因是由于动脉粥样硬化造成血管闭塞引发的心肌缺血、缺氧，随着病情进展疾病反复发作，而且患者由于存在不良生活习惯如吸烟、服药依从性差等会导致冠心病不断恶化，影响了患者生活质量和生命安全[1]。近年来越来越多的研究注重对冠心病患者二级预防，常规护理仅关注患者在院内的护理，但是出院后则仅依靠电话随访方式进行观察，随着护理模式的转变延续性护理在临床广泛应用，通过制定一系列护理措施实现了患者院外护理信息、护理管理、护患关系的延续过程，有助于改善患者健康状况与功能状态[2]。该研究方便选取2017年6月—2018年10月在该院接受治疗老年冠心病不稳定性心绞痛患者190例按照护理模式不同分组，观察不同护理方案对患者护理影响，以期为临床提供指导和依据，现报道如下。