话说“建议”的表达方法
2019-07-19江苏张祥美
江苏 张祥美
◎背景链接
“建议”既包括向他人提出建议,也包括接受他人的建议。如果想让对方接受你的建议,就得讲究提建议的方法。接受或拒绝他人的建议,也有一定的表达方式。
◎句式采集
A.提出自己的建议:
1.What/How about...?……怎么样?
2.Why not do...?/Why don't you do...?为什么不……呢?
3.Shall we do...?我们做……好吗?
4.Would you mind doing...?请你做……好吗?/你介意做……吗?
5.You'd better(not)do...你最好(不)……/还是(不)……好。
6.Would you like...?你想要……吗?
7.Let's do...让我们……吧!
8.Will/Would you please do...?请你……好吗?
9.Could you/I please...?你/我能……吗?
10.Don't do...不要……
11.I think you should...我认为你应该……
12.What should I...?我该……?
B.赞同别人的建议:
1.Good idea./Of course./Certainly.好主意。/当然。
2.Yes,I think so./Yes,please.是的,我想是这样。/是的,请!
3.I agree with you./With pleasure.我同意。/我很乐意。
4.All right,I'd love to.好,我愿意。
5.No problem.没问题。
C.不赞同别人的建议:
1.No,thanks./No,let's...不必了,谢谢。/不必了,咱们……吧。
2.No,I don't think so./No,I'm busy.不,我不这样认为。/不,我很忙。
3.Sorry,I won't./Sorry,I can't.对不起,我不会。/对不起,我不能。
4.I don't agree./I'm afraid not.我不同意。/恐怕不行。
5.Please don't...请不要……
◎用法点拨
1.想让对方对自己的建议提出看法时,常用“What/How about...?”,后须接名词、代词或动名词。例如:
What about going shopping?去买东西怎么样?
2.“Why not...?”是“Why don't you...?”的省略式,用来间接地向对方提出建议,带有肯定的意味,一般不必回答,其后面跟动词原形。例如:
Why not/don't you do your homework first?你为何不先做作业呢?
3.建议对方与自己共做某事,并希望得到肯定的答复时,用“Shall we do...?”句型委婉地提出建议。例如:
Shall we go for a walk?咱们去散步好吗?
4.“What should I...?”有时用“Would you mind...?”替换,表示礼貌地提出建议。
【注意】mind后用动名词形式作宾语,而不用动词不定式作宾语。例如:
Would you mind my opening the door?你介意我打开门吗?
5.“Let's...”用来当面提出建议,该句型后有时跟简短的问句“shall we?(好吗?)”,使语气更加委婉、客气。例如:
Let's go out and have some coffee,shall we?让我们出去喝点咖啡,好吗?
6.“You'd better...”用来提出劝告性建议,其否定式在had better后加not。例如:
You'd better not go to meet him.你最好不要去见他。
7.“Would you like...?”表示委婉地建议某人做某事,希望对方给予肯定的回答,含有请求的意味。后接名词、代词或动词不定式。
【拓展】“Will/Would you please...?”也是一种委婉地提建议的方法,多用在口语中,would比will语气更加委婉。
8.“Could you/I please...?”句型中,情态动词could不是can的过去式,而是表示更委婉地建议,比can更加客气,答语中不可用could。例如:
—Could you please do the dishes?你能洗碗吗?
—Sorry/No,I can't.I have a headache.对不起/不,我不能。我头疼。
◎情景模拟
A:Hi,Tom.It's a fine day,isn't it?
B:Yes,it is.What are you going to do?
A:Nothing much.I want to go out for a picnic.Will you go with me?
B:Why not?Where shall we go?
A:Shall we go to the Great Wall?
B:Good idea.How are we going there?
A:I think we'd better go there by bike.We can see much on the way.
B:I agree with you.What shall we take with us?
A:What about some food and drink?
B:All right.Let's get ready.See you later.
A:See you.
◎真题回放
1.—Would you like more dumplings,Harry?
—________.I'm full.
【2018·云南中考题】
A.Yes,please B.No way
C.No,thanks D.All right
【答案与解析】C “Yes,please.”和“No,thanks.”均为“Would you like...?”的答语。由“I'm full.”可判断,此处应该用否定回答。故选C项。
2.—Could you go swimming with me this afternoon,Jane?
—________,but I have to do the chores first.
【2017·烟台中考题】
A.I'd like to B.Of course not
C.I don't mind D.It's nothing
【答案与解析】A 由句意可判断,简想与问话者一起去游泳,但她首先得做家务而去不了。故选A项。