局部解剖学知识在急性皮肤放射性损伤教学中的应用

张静 李罡 刘俊峰 刘跃光 孙平

[摘要] 目的 探讨局部解剖学知识在急性皮肤放射性损伤教学中的应用。 方法 选取130名学生作为研究对象，随机分为研究组和对照组，进行区别教学，进行区别教学前发放相关的调查问卷进行预调查。对研究组学生采用局部解剖多學科相结合教学的方法，对同年同期的对照组临床学生，进行常规的普通教学。研究组教学方式中将皮肤损伤分级具体内容结合皮肤解剖层次，进行表格整理，并对急性放射性损伤的治疗原理进行归纳，以供教员教学、学生学习。最后通过笔试成绩衡量教学效果。 结果 研究组考核成绩[（86.9±6.9）分]明显高于对照组[（80.3±8.2）分]，对放射性临床学科的学生进行区别教学，教学质量明显高于同年同期进行普通教学的临床学生，且研究组学生的学习兴趣，对现课程满意度、内容是否容易接受、基础与临床结合能力等均显著优于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 将局部解剖学知识应用于急性皮肤放射性损伤教学中，有助于学生对急性皮肤放射性损伤结合皮肤解剖层次进行深入理解，提高对知识的掌握能力，应用价值很高。

[关键词] 局部解剖学;教学应用;辅助学习;急性皮肤放射性损伤教学

[中图分类号] R-4          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2019）09-0135-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application of local anatomy knowledge in the teaching of acute skin radiation injury. Methods A total of 130 students were selected and randomly divided into the study group and the control group. The students were taught separately， before which a questionnaire was handed out for pre-survey. Students in the study group were taught local anatomy knowledge combined with routine teaching， while the control group was only given routine teaching. In the study group， the grades of skin injury and the level of skin anatomy were summarized in tables and the treatment principle of acute radiation injury was also summarized. The teaching effect was evaluated by scores of students. Results The results of examination of students in the study group [（86.9±6.9） scores] were significantly higher than those of the control group[（80.3±8.2） scores]. The teaching quality， learning interests， satisfaction to the course， acceptance of teaching contents， and combination ability of basic and clinical knowledge in the study group were significantly superior to the control group. The differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of local anatomy knowledge in the teaching of acute skin radiation injury can help students deeply understand acute skin radiation injury combined with the anatomical level of skin and can improve the master of knowledge of students， thus is worthy to be promoted.

[Key words] Local anatomy; Teaching application; Assisted learning; Teaching of acute skin radiation injury

局部解剖学是一门实用性很强，并且是学习和掌握其他各个领域与之相衔接的比较基础的课程。但是课程的理论知识比较复杂抽象、深奥，基础理论偏多，学生学习起来较为枯燥[1，2]。在实践教学时，可能学科老师对其他的相关学科或又缺乏了解，日常给学员的讲课中，无法跟上局部解剖学在其他领域的发展前沿，所以学生学起来难以掌握[3，4]，这样就会使学生失去学习兴趣，教学效果也特别差，不利于实践人才的培养。现将急性皮肤放射损伤的教学与局部解剖学的课程相关联的地方进行整理，提高知识的临床运用以及相关的实践指导，加以分析说明，增强在教学中的应用，使学生学习起来更加积极，做到融会贯通，能提高学生的学习兴趣和教师的教学质量，做到事半功倍[5，6]。本文就如何运用局部解剖学知识提高急性皮肤放射损伤教学体会进行总结分析。希望有利于提高其在皮肤放射性损伤的教学应用中，更合理地辅助教员进行相应的教学。