从门外汉到歌剧通

主持：Joanna C. Lee 编译：辛时雨

征服那些高音C

Hitting the high Cs

小琼：听音乐会版的歌剧咏叹调总是很享受的，因为这是纯粹的音乐体验。

小薇：耳朵可以专注地欣赏精致细腻的乐队配器和抑扬顿挫的美妙旋律。

小薇：她的第一场音乐会实在令人欣喜——不只为聆听到迪多纳托的歌声，还为出场的中国男高音石倚洁，他们两人在张洁敏执棒的上海交响乐团伴奏下，连续唱出了一个又一个的高音。

小琼：熟悉歌剧界的每个人都知道，美声唱法的咏叹调很考验歌唱者的高音能力。迪多纳托借助《塞维利亚理发师》中“我听到美妙的歌声”中的高音B展现了她细腻的音色，但男高音的高音C依旧是歌剧界的“黄金标准”。石倚洁在《微笑王国》“你是我心中的一切”中，连唱了多个高音降A，接着是《军中女郎》“多么快乐的一天”中的多个高音C。观众们简直疯狂了！

Joan:It's always a thrill hearing opera arias in a concert setting, because it becomes a purely musical experience.

Valery:There are intricate orchestral scoring and beautiful melodic arcs that are aimed mainly at the ears.

Joan:The audience at Shanghai Symphony Hall last month had a real treat: Joyce DiDonato appeared twice, first in an orchestral recital of opera arias on January 7, then two nights later in her internationally celebrated program “In War and Peace.”

Valery:Her first concert, however, was a pure delight—not just to hear DiDonato, but also tenor Shi Yijie, hitting one high note after another under the baton of Zhang Jiemin with the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra.

Joan:Everyone familiar with the opera world knows thatbel cantoarias test singers' ability to hit high notes. DiDonato was exquisite with her high Bs in “Una voce poco fa” fromIl Barbiere di Siviglia, but it's the tenors' high Cs that remain the “gold standard.” Shi hit numerous A-flats in “Dein ist mein ganzes Herz”fromDas Land des Lächelns, then plenty of high Cs in “Ah! Mes amis” fromLa fille du régiment. The audience went wild!

文中，我们主要介绍比特币系统中涉及的相关密码技术，包含签名、哈希函数以及区块链技术。尤其是区块链技术，以链状结构存储数据，以密码技术为数据传输提供机密性和认证性服务，从而形成一条分布式存储、无法篡改、永无止息的数据库。但比特币等诸多数字货币在一定程度上具有匿名性，使得监管问题日益严峻，如何在保护实体隐私的同时实施有效的监管是数字货币领域的一大挑战。另一方面，由于区块链技术能摆脱第三方机构制约，使得它不再局限于数字货币领域。目前，区块链技术在金融服务、公共服务和IoT等领域的应用尚处于探索阶段，有待进一步发掘。

男高音石倚洁（左）与女高音乔伊斯·迪多纳托（右）

小薇：我一直很好奇歌唱家们是如何在身体与精神上做好准备的？

小琼：为此，我和石倚洁在微信上进行了一番对话（当时他正在北京国家大剧院排练《茶花女》）。下面是他的智言精选：

● 即使你感觉身体没在最佳状态，但只要你掌握了正确的技巧，你仍然可以唱出高音。观众们听上去是没有什么区别的。

● 当你的身体没有处于最佳状态时，饮食方面尤其要注意一些。避免任何辛辣的、油炸的或油腻的东西，因为这些食物容易生痰。尽量吃一点清淡的东西。

● 保护声音最好的方法其实是保证睡眠。

● 北京的天气很干燥，一定要在房间里使用加湿器。但在空气本来就很潮湿的上海，就没有这个问题。

● 我从不熬夜，但也不会太早起。过着清教徒一般的规律生活。

● 有时遇上不好的天气，大风或者下雨，或者冷空气即将来临时，我会待在家里。

● 当天气很热时（比如香港的夏天），我总会随身带着一件毛衣。它在如同北极般的空调环境中很有用。

Valery:I've always been curious how singers keep themselves physically and psychologically prepared.

Joan:For that reason, I had a series of WeChat exchanges with Shi Yijie (while he was rehearsingLa Traviataat the NCPA in Beijing). Below are his nuggets of wisdom:

● Even if you're not feeling in top form, as long as you have the right technique, you can still hit the high notes. The audience won't be able to tell the difference.

● You do have to be careful what you eat, especially when your body isn't in top form. Avoid anything spicy, or fried or oily, because they are phlegmatic.Keep a diet that is light in flavor.

● The best way to preserve your voice is sleep.

● When in Beijing, always use a humidifier in the room. This doesn't apply in Shanghai, which has moist air.

● I never stay up late, but I don't get up too early,either. We live like Puritans.

● Sometimes when weather is bad—if it's windy or rainy, or a cold front is approaching—I stay at home.

● When it's very hot (such as summer in Hong Kong) I have a sweater with me at all times. It comes in handy in arctic air conditioning.