恩德萨总部西班牙马德里

业主：恩德萨

项目规模：9.04万平方米

类型：办公、商业、住宅、酒店、文化

合作设计单位：Baum Architects（合作建筑设计顾问）Rafael de La-Hoz Arquitectos S.L.（合作建筑师）

摄影：H.G. Esch (p31, 32,33)

Client: Endesa

Size: 90,400 SM

Program: Office, Retail, Residential, Hospitality, Cultural

Team: Baum Architects (Associate Architect),Rafael de La-Hoz Arquitectos S.L. (Associate Architect)

Photography: H.G. Esch (p31, 32, 33)

根据马德里的特定环境条件，恩德萨总部将西班牙传统的大型内部庭院转化为一种现代化的带来可控气候的解决方案。

两座六层的办公大楼围绕着一个3000平方米的中央中庭设置，由17个轻钢桁架构成，跨度达45米。该结构采用一系列镀锌钢格栅和遥控铝制百叶提供遮阳，便于控制眩光和热负荷。玻璃和钢结构之间的中间区域保护着32米高(105英尺高)的空间，利用热烟囱效应从中庭排出污浊空气。

这个新的总部设施传递出公司对可持续发展的坚定承诺，提供了高水平的员工舒适度。办公区摒弃了常规空调做法。供应给中庭的新鲜空气由连接至鲜风口的地下管道冷却，办公区内设有可开启的自然通风窗户。在夏季，玻璃天窗周边的中庭通风口和屋顶安装的风塔保持开放，以增加空间的气流。在冬天，风塔白天吸纳空气，晚上关闭。

带有低辐射涂层的三层玻璃窗可以优化日光穿透性，减少得热量。每个立面根据朝向不同采用了不同的遮阳设备。在西南方向，设有双层彩釉玻璃保护用户降低噪音、污染和过度的太阳得热。建筑的东北面由固定的铝制百叶窗保护，覆盖了三分之一的玻璃区域。

The Endesa Headquarters transforms the traditional Spanish typology of a large internal courtyard into a modern, cIimate-controIIed soIution for Madrid’s specific environmentaI conditions.

Two six-story office wings enclose a 3,000 SM central atrium framed by 17 light-steel trusses spanning up to 45 meters. The structure is shaded by a series of galvanized steel grills and remotely controlled aluminum louvers, which facilitate control of glare and heat load. The intermediate zone between the glass and steel protects the 32-meter-high (105-foot-high) space and acts as a thermal chimney to exhaust stale air from the atrium.

The new facility expresses the company’s firm commitment to sustainability and providing a high level of employee comfort. Conventional air-conditioning is not required in the offices. Fresh air supplied to the atrium is cooled by underground ducts that are connect to fresh air inlets and offices have operable windows for natural ventilation. During the summer, hot air in the atrium vents at the glazed, louvered perimeter and roof-mounted wind towers remain open to increase airflow through the space. In the winter, the wind towers extract air during the day and are closed at night.

Triple-glazed windows with a low-E coating optimize daylight penetration and minimize heat gain.Different shading devices were applied to each facade based on orientation. To the southwest, users are protected from noise, pollution, and excessive solar gain by a double skin of fritted glass. The building’s northeast exposures are protected by fixed aluminum louvers, which cover one-third of the glazed area.