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英文版《射雕英雄传》闯荡西方江湖

2018-12-29周艳霞

疯狂英语·读写版 2018年9期

[精彩导读]

《射雕英雄传》是武侠小说作家金庸先生的代表作之一。如今,其已经被翻译成英语,在西方的文坛上闯荡江湖。

未读先知

fantasy n. 幻想

extraordinarily adv. 格外;非常;不寻常地

imaginary adj. 想象的

historical adj. 历史的;有关历史的

The worlds biggest kungfu fantasy writer, Jin Yong enjoys huge popularity in the Chinese⁃speaking world. In the west, however, his name is barely known because of cultural gap.

Now, for the first time, the beginning of his extraordinarily popular series, Legends of the Condor Heroes, has been translated into English for a mainstream readership. It is a task that has already defeated several translators, yet Anna Holmwood, 32, from Edinburgh has made it—or at least the first volume. Her British publisher, MacLehose Press, plans a 12⁃volume series, with Holmwoods first volume, A Hero Born, due to come out in February.

Set in China in 1200, A Hero Born tells of the empire of Song close to break down. Under attack from the Jurchen Jin Dynasty, the future of the entire Chinese population rests in the hands of a few lone martial arts masters. The novel was written under the pen name Jin Yong by Chinese journalist, Louis Cha. A founding editor of the Hong Kong daily newspaper Ming Pao, in the 1950s he put together a set of stories describing the progress of a young martial arts fighter during the Song Dynasty and serialised(连载)them. The plots were imaginary but the historical background was real.

They became the biggest Chinese publishing hit of the last century. Cha, who is now 93 and lives in seclusion(隐居), created a vast imaginary world over 15 novels, which were adapted to films, games, comics and television shows.

Buckman,Agent Peter Buckman bought the rights and sold them on to a British publisher after meeting Holmwood and discovering how little of the series was available in English. “Holmwood did a sample chapter of the first of Legends of the Condor Heroes books and I sent it out to various publishers. My old friend Christopher MacLehose specialises in translated masterpieces. He had discovered from a Chinese friend that Jin Yongs work has passed on the enthusiasm from one generation to the next,” he said.

Fellow translators are now being selected to help with the task, but the challenge facing all of them is to faithfully represent the kungfu moves along with the Chinese culture that runs through the plot. Even the fighting skill of the warrior (勇士) in A Hero Born, for instance, which is literally(字面地)translated as “the 18 palm attacks to defeat dragons”, in fact comes from a Taoist classic Zhou Yi, dating from thousands of years ago, and has a strong philosophical(哲学的)element in addition to movement.

“I hold that a lot of readers like a bit of a challenge as they go along,” said Holmwood, who now lives in Sweden, with her Taiwanese husband and son. “I dont explain everything, although I have written a very short passage to introduce some of the elements of the story.”

作为全球最知名的武侠小说作家,金庸在华语世界享有很高的人气。然而,由于文化的鸿沟,他的名字在西方几乎不为人知。

现在,他深受欢迎的系列小说的开篇之作《射雕英雄传》首次被译成英语,呈献给西方主流读者。这个任务已经难倒了几位译者,而来自爱丁堡的32岁的郝玉青解决了这个难题,至少她译出了第一卷。她的英国出版商麦克莱霍斯出版社计划出版一部12卷的丛书,将于2月出版郝玉青翻译的第一卷《英雄出世》。

《英雄出世》以公元1200年的中国为背景,讲述了宋朝走向衰亡的故事。面对女真金国的进攻,中原全体大宋子民的未来都掌握在几个修炼独门绝技的武林高手手中。这本小说出自以“金庸”为笔名的中国记者查良镛笔下。20世纪50年代,创办香港《明报》并担任主编的金庸撰写故事在报上连载,故事描写了宋朝少年侠士练就绝世武功的过程,后将这些故事集结成册,出版了系列小说。这些情节是虚构的,可是历史背景却是真实的。

这些小说成为20世纪中国出版界最受欢迎的作品。93岁的金庸如今隐居世外,他撰写的15部小说创造了波澜壮阔的虚幻世界,并由此改编成了多部电影、游戏、漫画和电视剧。

版权经纪人彼得·巴克曼在与郝玉青见面后,发现该系列小说的英文译本极少,于是买下小说版权并卖给一家英国出版商。他说:“郝玉青试译了《射雕英雄传》系列第一卷的章节,我把译文寄给了多位出版商。我的老朋友克里斯托弗·麦克莱霍斯专门从事名著英译本的出版,他从一位中国朋友那里得知,金庸小说已经让一代又一代读者为之痴迷。”

她也请来其他译者帮助完成这项任务,可是他们面临的挑战是如何忠实地表现功夫动作以及贯穿整个剧情的中国文化。比如说,《英雄出世》中郭靖的绝世武功按字面翻译成“降龙十八掌”,实际上是源于几千年前的道家经典《周易》,除了武功招式以外,还蕴含浓厚的哲学意味。

郝玉青和她的台湾丈夫及儿子现侨居瑞典,她说:“我认为,很多读者在阅读中喜欢些许挑战。我没有解释所有的细节,不过我写了篇很短的文章来介绍小说的部分内容。”

[巧笔妙记]

for the first time 第一次

be set in 以……为背景

break down 瓦解;崩溃

put together 装配;把……放在一起;加在一起

a set of 一套;一副

be adapted to 被改编为……

specialise in 专门从事……

pass on... to 把……传递给……

for instance 例如

date from 始于;追溯;可追溯到

in addition to 除了;除……外

作家简介

金庸,原名查良镛,1924年3月10日生于浙江省海宁市,1948年移居香港。当代著名武侠小说作家、新闻学家、企业家、政治评论家、社会活动家,“香港四大才子”之一。金庸的武侠小说在题材的选择、人物的塑造和社会时代风貌的展现方面有鲜明特色,它们在创作技法上独树一帜,具有范式意义。金庸继承了古典武侠小说之精华,开创了形式独特、情节曲折、描写细腻且深具人性和豪情侠义的新派武侠小说先河。

人物评价

金庸是一个成功的报业巨子,更是一个成功的武侠小说创作家,将其定义为一代通俗文学大师是恰如其分的。既然称作通俗文学大师,还是有必要通过他的小说进行一番文学雅俗观的论辩。(中国文学网评)

金庸就像一个“黑洞”。把传统发挥得淋漓尽致,任何人靠近他,就会化为乌有,根本没法比。(黄易评)

金庸的作品所表现的深厚意蕴确非古龙、梁羽生所能及,他不仅是现代武侠小说的集大成者,也是中国文学史上不可忽视的一代名家。(凤凰网评)

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