以与时俱进的精神做好十九大报告的英文翻译（六）

文/陈明明

把中文内在含义明确表述出来

7.文明

“文明”一词多义，粘贴性极强，可任意搭配，但翻译中往往机械译为civilization，不仅词不达意，而且造成极大混乱。此次十九大翻译对此进行了彻底整顿，根据语境不同用不同表述翻译。

吸收人类文明有益成果。

We should draw on the achievements of other civilizations. （此为传统意义上的“文明”译法）

以文明交流超越文明隔阂、文明互鉴超越文明冲突、文明共存超越文明优越。

In handling relations among civilizations, let us replace estrangement with exchange, clashes with mutual learning, and superiority with coexistence.（同上）

群众性精神文明创建活动扎实开展。

Initiatives to improve public etiquette and ethical standards have proved successful.（把“群众性精神文明创建活动”译成initiatives to improve public etiquette and ethical standards是一个突破，非常到位）

大力度推进生态文明建设。

We have devoted serious energy to ecological conservation.

社会文明水平尚需提高。

The level of civic-mindedness needs further improvement.（此处将“文明”译为civic-mindedness非常到位）

社会文明程度达到新的高度。

Social etiquette and civility are signi fi cantly enhanced.（画线部分译得很好）

坚定走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路

We must pursue a model of sustainable development featuring increased production, higher living standards, and healthy ecosystems.（“文明发展道路”译为a model of sustainable development）

促进和而不同、兼收并蓄的文明交流

boost cross-cultural exchanges characterized by harmony within diversity,inclusiveness, and mutual learning（此处“文明交流”译为cross-cultural exchanges，按“文化交流”译）

我国物质文明、政治文明、精神文明、社会文明、生态文明将全面提升。

New heights are reached in every dimension of material, political, cultural and ethical, social, and ecological advancement.（此处“五个文明”都用advancement表示）

为人类政治文明进步作出充满中国智慧的贡献

make China’s contribution to the political advancement of mankind

推动社会主义精神文明和物质文明协调发展

both promote socialist material wellbeing and raise socialist cultural-ethical standards

精神文明创建

efforts to raise cultural-ethical standards

要提高人民思想觉悟、道德水准、文明素养，提高全社会文明程度。

We will help our people raise their political awareness and moral standards,foster appreciation of fi ne culture, and enhance social etiquette and civility.

严格规范公正文明执法

see that law is enforced in a strict, procedure-based, impartial, and nonabusive way（此处“文明”不能用civilized way）

8.创新

十九大报告中“创新”出现频率很高，innovate主要指技术创新，不能一见“创新”就译成innovate，要根据语境分别处理，在政治、社会语境下均不用innovate，可用explore new ground/new ways、make explorations、develop等。

创新驱动发展战略

the innovation-driven development strategy

跻身创新型国家前列

become a global leader in innovation

全社会发展活力和创新活力明显增强。

Throughout society, development is full of vitality and is driven by greater creativity.（未用 innovation）

民族宗教工作创新推进。

New approaches have been adopted for work related to ethnic and religious affairs.

党的理论创新全面推进。

We have explored new ground in advancing Party related theories.

实践没有止境，理论创新也没有止境。

Just as there are no bounds to practice, there is no end to theoretical exploration.

推进理论创新、实践创新、制度创新、文化创新以及其他各方面创新

advance our theoretical, practical, institutional, cultural, and other explorations

转变政府职能，深化简政放权，创新监管方式，增强政府公信力和执行力，建设人民满意的服务型政府。

The government needs to transform its functions, further streamline administration and delegate powers, develop new ways of regulation and supervision,and strengthen its credibility and administrative capacity, building itself into a service-oriented government able to satisfy the needs of the people.（在此语境下要特别注意，不能用innovation）

深入挖掘中华优秀传统文化蕴含的思想观念、人文精神、道德规范，结合时代要求继承创新。

We will draw on China’s fi ne traditional culture, keep alive and develop its vision, concepts, values, and moral norms, and do so in a way that responds to the call of our era.

创新社会治理

develop new approaches to social governance

坚持战略思维、创新思维、辩证思维、法治思维、底线思维。

We should have strategic perspectives, develop creative thinking and a dialectical approach to thinking; we should think in terms of the rule of law, and think about worst-case scenarios.

增强改革创新本领。

We should be good reformers and pioneers.

全党同志一定要登高望远、居安思危，勇于变革、勇于创新，永不僵化、永不停滞。

All comrades must aim high and look far, be alert to dangers even in times of calm, have the courage to pursue reform and break new ground, and never become hardened to change or inactive.

9.大国、强国

推动建设学习大国

nurture a love of learning in our people

推进体育强国建设

build China into a country strong on sports

人才强国战略

the strategy on developing a quality workforce

加快建设人才强国

step up efforts to make China a talent-strong country

建设制造强国

build China into a manufacturer of quality

推进贸易强国建设

turn China into a trader of quality

创新型国家建设成果丰硕。

We have seen much accomplished toward making China a country of innovators.

为建设科技强国、质量强国、航天强国、网络强国、交通强国、数字中国、智慧社会提供有力支撑

provide powerful support for building China’s strength in science and technology, product quality, aerospace, cyberspace, and transportation; and for building a digital China and a smart society

10.大局

必须统筹国内国际两个大局。

We must keep in mind both our internal and international imperatives.（以前译为 keep in mind the domestic and international situations） □