七选五专题——突破干扰项教学设计案例
2018-11-10侯海燕
侯海燕
一、教学设计理念
1.课前问卷调查,精准定位学情,体现以学生为本的理念。
2.课堂设计以感知文本、规律探究、应用提升为主线,遵循学生语言学习的规律。
3.在教学中,注重思维过程的引导,倡导学习过程的激励,正视学习个体的差异,以多层次、多角度、多主体的设计让每一位课堂参与者有进步。
二、学情分析
一轮复习中,学生已接触七选五的阅读题型,知道并掌握了一些准确完成此类题型的基本方法。本节课,就学生的疑难点——干扰项的排除进行突破。因材施教,让学生主动探究,真正解决备考过程中的问题,以获佳绩。
三、教学内容分析
(一)高考考纲对七选五题型的要求
七选五题型考查考生的逻辑思维能力,也就是对上下文之间、层次之间逻辑关系的判断能力,主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。选项特点:主旨概括句(文章整体内容);过渡性句子(文章结构);注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)。
(二)近三年高考题七选五题型中干扰项设置的不同类型
(三)教学重难点
1.主动探究并总结七选五的做题规律。
2.运用习得技能以及语言能力有效降低干扰项的选择失误。
(确立依据:就七选五失误情况进行了课前的调查,结果如下:干扰项0.42;逻辑关系0.23;读懂选项0.23;代词0.18;关键词0.18;小标题0.03。故本节课就干扰项的问题进行集中突破。)
四、教学目标
(一)知识与目标
1.重温高考题,感知篇章结构和文体,并尝试总结准确完成七选五的規律。
2.突破学生在七选五过程中干扰项排除的难点,主动探究干扰项设置的规律。
(二)过程与方法
通过重温高考题、总结做题规律以及干扰项的排除等环节,学生在主动感知、积极探究和创新中牢固地掌握做题的规律并着实提升英语运用的技能。
(三)情感态度与价值观
运用正确的思维和恰当的方式去努力完成自己的生命中的每一道题。
五、课堂流程和目的
StepⅠ Leading-in (Brainstorming -what clues they need to find in the gap-filling.)
Possilbe answers: the writing type and the structure of the passage, the logical relationship betwween paragraphs or sentences, pronoun reference, the extra choices exclusion...
【设计说明】询问的过程,实则是在整理方法和发现学生问题的过程。为下一个任务做好铺垫,尤其是干扰项的排除问题点明本课的学习目标。
Step ⅡRecalling by redoing the gap-filling(2017全国卷)
Learning strategy(学法指导):
1.Go through the text and get to know:①main idea...②structure...
2.Fill in the gaps from easy to hard.
3.Figure out the relationship between paragraphs and sentences.
Teaching strategy(教法指导)
Q1 What is the writing style of the passage?
A.argumentation √B.narration
C.exposition
Q2 The structure of the passage is ______
A.①②-③④⑤ B.①②-③④-⑤
√C.①-②③④-⑤
Part1(①) My previous attitude to camping
Part3(⑤) My present attirude to camping
Part2(②③④) How was my attitude to camping changed by these experiences?
【设计说明】①感知与以往的七选五文体不同;②唤醒并验证做七选五的主要的思考方面。
StepⅢ Explore and find the rules
Task1 Post reading-rethinking(2017全国卷)七选五
Q3 Observe the location of each blank, and try to explain why?You can choose the reason from the following items:
A.What does this pronoun(代词) refer to?——第四空白处设置目的
B.Key information reappearance(复现)or similar strcture——第五空白处设置目的
C.Logical(逻辑)relationship——第三空白处设置目的
D.Context(上下文)——第二空白出设置目的
E.Subtitle/title...
Q4 Which blank is the aim of the interference item(干扰项),how?
B.Things are going to be improved.
D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
结论:tense disturbance.(时态干扰)——第一空白处设置目的
【设计说明】引向本节课的核心部分。因为排除干扰项不是一个孤立的部分,它是一个系统的、复杂的思考过程,它可能是逻辑关系、指代(范围)、小标题等。故需引领学生整体感知空白处设置的考查目的、深入剖析干扰项干扰的方式。
Task2 Further exploration in typical examples
Pattern1(2016全國卷Ⅲ)——loagical relationship逻辑关系之结果混淆
...This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
When buying fish,you should first smell it ... Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh._____When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better ...
√A.Do not buy it.(action result措施结果,联系本文主题——如何买鱼)
B.The fish will go bad within hours.(natural result 自然结果)
Pattern2(2017全国卷Ⅲ)——pronoun reference指代
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning .... In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock.____?Here is how to make one.(Pronoun reference 代词指代,此处应为计划而非人)
A.Get a sleep specialist.
√B.A better plan for sleep can help.
Pattern3(2016全国卷Ⅰ)——clear interpretation statement清楚地解释表述
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it.____.If someone knocks and its not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know ...
A.Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes
√B.Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not
Teaching strategy(教法指导)
The meaning of “boundaries” is ambiguous.
StepⅣ Drill and Imrovement
Task1完成2013全国卷Ⅱ七选五题型。
3. If you find a public speaking course that looks as though its going to give you lots of dos and donts, walk away! ...
C.Turn your back on too many rules
D.Check the rules about dos and donts
【设计说明】
将本节课所学进行限时训练,同时干扰项设置是小标题祈使句型的特点。
德育渗透:
Whenever you come across problems, just think of them as gap-filling games and you will solve them with your wisdom and effort!
【改进说明】
1.本节课的导入可以使用微课,或者是考虑将二三环节对调,先部分后整体。
2.高考不仅是知识和能力的考查,也是心理和策略的考查。教师要善于去营造气氛,来提升学生的心理素质和实战策略。这是需要学生从真正的实战演练中获得的。第三环节未能在课上实现是一个缺憾。
【理性反思】
1.对学情进行了准确的评估、对高考素材进行了典型的选取、对技能进行了探究和提升,体现出先学后教和让学生主动探究的新课改理念。
2.高考素材是一线教师和教研员的掌中宝,那么如何能在助力高三学生备考的过程中,做一题有多题的效果,就在于教师运用、解读和深挖素材的能力。在第一篇七选五的处理中,引领学生感知文体和文章结构。只有让学生充分利用文本进行自主感知、合作探究、才能丰富学生的语言经验,形成良好语言能力、思维品格和文化品格。