海水中感应耦合与超声耦合无线电能传输技术对比

陈希有 许康 牟宪民 李冠林

摘 要 通過原理分析，提出了海水中感应耦合无线电能传输（ICWPT）系统的电路模型，其中考虑了海水的涡流效应，建立了匹配条件下传输效率的表达式。作为对比，基于单个超声换能器的电路模型，建立了包含两个超声换能器的超声耦合无线电能传输（UCWPT）系统电路模型，分析了匹配条件下的传输效率。分别以矩形耦合线圈作为电磁耦合装置，以压电复合材料换能器作为电声和声电转换装置，搭建了在海水槽中ICWPT和UCWPT系统实验平台。分别从传输效率与工作频率的关系、传输效率与耦合距离的关系进行了比较，并对传输功率进行了讨论。研究发现，ICWPT的传输效率与频率的关系曲线比UCWPT的效率与频率关系曲线更加平坦。较远距离时，UCWPT的传输效率高于ICWPT的传输效率。

关键词：海水；超声波；感应耦合；无线电能传输；对比

中图分类号：TM724

Abstract： Through the analysis of the principle， the circuit model of inductive coupling wireless power transmission（ICWPT） system in seawater was proposed， which considered the eddy current effect of seawater. The transmission efficiency under matching condition was established. For contrast， based on the circuit model of a single ultrasonic transducer， a circuit model of ultrasonic coupling wireless power transmission（UCWPT） system with two ultrasonic transducers was established， and the its transmission efficiency under matching conditions was analyzed. The ICWPT and UCWPT system experimental platforms were constructed by using the rectangular coupling coil as the electromagnetic energy coupling devices and the piezoelectric （PZT） composite transducer as the electro-acoustic and acoustic-electro conversion devices. The relationship between transmission efficiency and operating frequency， transmission efficiency and coupling distance was compared， respectively， and the transmission power was also discussed. It is found that the transmission efficiency vs frequency curve of the ICWPT system are more flat than that of the UCWPT system. At longer distances， the transmission efficiency for UCWPT system is higher than that of the ICWPT system.

Keywords：seawater； ultrasound； inductive coupling； wireless power transfer； contrast