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Unit 2 This is my sister.

2018-05-14

时代英语·初中 2018年4期
关键词:人称单数复数

重点知识园地

Section A

1. This is my sister.

这是我的妹妹。

This is... 是我们把一个人介绍给别人时的常用句型,也可介绍物品。当被介绍人处于近距离时,单数用this is,复数用these are。如:

These are my friends.

这是我的朋友们。(指代人)

Is this a map?

这是一张地图吗?(指代物)

注意:

(1)指代放在一起的两样东西,先说this,后说that。

This is a pen. That is a pencil.

这是一支钢笔,那是一支铅笔。

(2)向别人介绍某人时说This is...,不用That is...。

This is Tom. Tom, this is Jack.

这是汤姆。汤姆,这是杰克。

(3)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时,要用it代替this或that。

—Is this a book?

这是一本书吗?

—Yes, it is./ No, it isnt.

是的,它是。/不,它不是。

(4)打电话时,介绍自己用this,询问对方用that。

—Hello! Is that Miss Green?

你好!是格林小姐吗?

—Yes, this is Green speaking. Whos that?

是的,我是格林。你是谁?

sister作名词,意为“姐,妹”,复数形式为sisters。如:

I have two sisters.

我有两个姐妹。

elder sister 姐姐

younger sister 妹妹

活学活用

按要求完成句子。

1. These are bananas.(改为单数形式)

____ ____ a banana.

2. —Is this your book, Amy?(作肯定回答)

—____ , ____ ____ .

3. This is my friend.(改为一般疑问句)

____ ____ ____ friend?

2. Thats my family.

那是我的家人。

that用于介紹处于远距离的人或物,单数用that is,复数用those are。如:

That is my brother.

那是我的兄弟。

family 是集合名词,表示“家,家庭;家人”。family作主语时,当其强调“家庭”的含义时,谓语动词通常用单数形式;当其强调“家人”的含义时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。如:

My family is a big one.

我家是个大家庭。

My family are watching TV.

我的家人正在看电视。

3. Those are my parents.

那是我的父母。

those作代词,意为“那些”,指较远的人或物,是that的复数形式。当其作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

Those are my books.

那些是我的书。

Are those your brothers?

那些人是你的兄弟吗?

parent作可数名词,意为“父亲或母亲”,常用复数形式parents,表示“父母”。如:

My parents are both teachers.

我的父母都是教师。

活学活用

按要求完成句子。

4. That is a pen.(改为复数形式)

____ ____ pens.

5. My father and mother go to work every day.(改为同义句)

____ ____ go to work every day.

4. Oh, and these are my brothers.

噢,这些人是我的哥哥。

these作代词,意为“这些”,用来指较近的人或物,是this的复数形式,在句中可以作主语和定语。如:

These are Jims parents.(作主语)

他们是吉姆的父母。

These pens are Lilys.(作定语)

这些钢笔是丽丽的。

活学活用

6. —Are ___ books yours?

—No, they arent. Those are Jims.

5. Whos she?

她是谁?

(1)Who is...? 句型常用来询问人,表示“……是谁?”,其中who作疑问代词,意为“谁,什么人”,在句中一般作主语或宾语。如:

Who is your English teacher?(作主语)

谁是你的英语老师?

Who is your mother talking with?(作宾语)

你妈妈在和谁谈话?

(2)she是主格人称代词,意为“她”,用来指代女性,在句中作主语。其对应词为he,意为“他”。如:

Look! She is my friend.

看!她是我的朋友。

—Who is the boy?

那个男孩子是谁?

—Hes Bill.

他是比尔。

活学活用

单项选择。

( ) 7. —___ is that man over there?

—He is Dicks uncle.

A. Where B. What

C. Who D. How

( ) 8. My friend Tom comes from Canada and ___ is a tall boy with blue eyes.

A. he B. his

C. she D. it

6. —Well, have a good day!

嗯,祝你们玩得愉快!

—Thanks! You, too.

谢谢!你也是。

well的用法

(1)well作感叹词,在本句中表示停顿后继续交谈,意为“噢,嗯”。

(2)well的其他含义:表示惊异、怀疑,意为“哟,啊,哎呀”;表示同意、让步等,意为“嗯,好吧”。如:

Well, I didnt think to see you here!

哎呀,我没想到会在这儿见到你!(表示惊讶)

—Jim is angry.

吉姆生气了。

—Well, perhaps thats true.

嗯,他可能真的生气了。(表示同意)

have a good day的用法

Have a good day! 为常见的问候语,意为“祝你玩得愉快!”其答语为“Thanks! You, too.”意为“谢谢!也祝你玩得开心。”

have a good day的同义句:

Have a nice day.

Have a good time.

Enjoy yourself.

GrammAr focus

主格人称代词

表示“我”“你”“他”“我们”“你们”“他们”的词叫人称代词。人称代词并不全指人,也指物。人称代词还有主格和宾格之分。主格人称代词有I, he, she, we, you, they, it。主格人称代词的具体用法如下:

(1)第一人称单数I,意为“我”。如:

I go to school every day.

我每天都去上学。

(2)第一人称复数we,意为“我们”。如:

We are swimming now.

我们现在正在游泳。

(3)第二人称单数/复数you,意为“你/你们”。如:

Are you ready, Sam?

萨姆,你准备好了吗?

(4)第三人称包括he, she, it, they,分别表示“他” “她”“它”“他们”。如:

He is the tallest in the class.

他在班里是最高的。

She has a little brother.

她有个小弟弟。

I have a handbag. It is black.

我有个手提包,它是黑色的。

They are good friends.

他们是好朋友。

活学活用

找出下列句子中的一处错误并改正。

9. Jim and me are friends. __________

10. I know he name is Paul. __________

11. They are my sister. __________

12. Shes my cousin. She father is my uncle. __________

Section B

1. Here are two nice photos of my family.

這里有两张我家人的漂亮照片。

Here is/are... 的用法

Here is/are... 意为“这是……;这(儿)有……”,常被用来介绍身边的事物。be动词的形式应该根据最靠近be动词的名词的单复数而定。如:

Here is a book.

这儿有本书。

Here are some erasers.

这儿有一些橡皮。

photo是名词,意为“照片”。photo是可数名词,复数形式为photos。如:

The photo is Lucys.

这张照片是露西的。

photo的常用短语:

in the photo 在照片上

take photos 照相

a photo of... 一张……的照片

photo与picture的区别

photo常指用相机拍摄而成的相片,即“照片”;picture通常指一幅图画,也可以指照片,凡是有图的东西都可以称为picture。如:

This is my fathers photo.

这是我爸爸的照片。

This is a picture of my father.

这是一张我爸爸的画像。

of 的用法

of 作介词,意为“……的;属于(某人或某物)”。“名词A+of+名词B”相当于名词B的所有格(“s”或“”)形式。如:

the name of the girl=the girls name 女孩儿的名字

He is a friend of mine.

他是我的朋友。

2. In the next picture are my brothers, Bob and Eric.

下一张照片中是我的哥哥们,鲍勃和埃里克。

next作形容词,意为“下一个的;接下来的”,在句子中可以充当定语,修饰名词或代词。如:

Who is the next one?

谁是下一个?

I will come back next week.

我下周回来。

next还可作副词,意为“然后,接下去”,表示先后顺序。如:

Next, well have a party.

然后,我们会有一个聚会。

英语中的家庭成员

father 父亲 mother 母亲

aunt 婶婶、舅妈、

姑姑、姨妈 uncle 叔叔、伯伯

姑父、舅舅

brother 哥哥、弟弟 son 儿子

sister 姐姐、妹妹 daughter 女儿

grandma 祖母、外婆 nephew 侄儿、外甥

grandpa 祖父、外公 niece 侄女、外甥女

husband 丈夫 wife 妻子

cousin 堂(表)兄弟、堂(表)姐妹

活学活用

根据句意填单词完成句子。

13. My fathers mother is my ____ .

14. My fathers father is my ____ .

15. My fathers sisters are my ____ .

16. My fathers brothers are my ____ .

17. My uncles children are my ____ .

17. My parents ____ is my sister.

19. Im a boy. Im my parents ____ .

英汉互译

1. my parents

2. my friend

3. in the first photo

4. in the next picture

5. in my family

6. 这是你的父母吗?

____ ____ your parents?

7. 那是我的堂弟,我婶婶的儿子。

____ ____ my ____ , my aunts ____ .

8. 那是你爷爷奶奶吗?

—____ ____ your grandparents?

是的,他们是。

—Yes, ____ ____ .

9. 这是我家人的照片。

This is a ____ ____ my ____ .

10. 这些是我的钢笔。

____ ____ my pens.

连词成句

1. your, is, sister, Lily

2. are, these, brothers, her

3. picture, dogs, a, my, of, here, is

.

4. are, who, they

5. daughters, my, are, they

基礎过关

.

用所给词的适当形式填空

1. ____ is a girl. ____ name is Li Fang. (she)

2. Is ____ English name Ted? (he)

3. My ____ brother is my uncle. (father)

4. ____ are my family photos. (this)

5. His sisters ____ nice. (be)

单项选择

( ) 1. —Is he your brother?

—No, ___ .

A. it is B. he isnt

C. he is D. it isnt

( ) 2. Anna is not my sister. ___ my cousin.

A. He B. Hes

C. She D. Shes

( ) 3. Are ___ Lucys ___ ?

A. this; photos B. that; photo

C. these; photos D. those; photo

( ) 4. Is ___ your mother? Whats ___ name?

A. her; she B. she; her

C. her; her D. she; she

( ) 5. —Are those rulers yours?

—Yes, ___ .

A. they are B. they arent

C. those are D. those arent

按要求完成句子

1. This is his parent.(改为复数形式)

____ ____ his ____ .

2. That is her photo.(改为一般疑问句)

____ ____ her photo?

3. They are my uncles.(改为缩写形式)

____ my uncles.

4. Are those your sisters?(作肯定回答)

____ , ____ ____ .

5. Those are maps.(改为单数形式)

____ ____ a map.

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