鸬鸟镇的神奇之变
2018-05-09戚永晔
戚永晔
今非昔比:山区小镇的嬗变
“特色小镇非镇非区,不是行政区划单元上的一个镇,也不是产业园区的一个区,而是按照创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享发展理念,聚焦打造的创新创业发展平台。”
这是浙江一家媒体,对当下如火如荼发展的特色小镇的解读。要成为特色小镇,产业、经济是必修课、必选题。
然而,杭州市余杭区鸬鸟镇,一个没有工业区块的地方却也忝列特色小镇之中——森林休闲小镇、智慧旅游小镇。
日前,笔者走进这个绿色、生态的特色小镇,感受到她从山区小镇走向“国际慢城”嬗变的步伐。
鸬鸟是位于杭州西部的乡镇,过去经济比较落后。在江南的方言中,“山沟沟”这个词多少含有贬义,差不多就是偏僻、落后、贫穷的代名词。但乡村旅游的开发,给深藏于海拔1095米的窑头山和海拔1025米的红桃山之间的山沟沟村带来了经济腾飞的勃勃生机。
鸬鸟镇四周峰峦叠嶂,群山苍翠,植被覆盖率达95%,形成了与周边环境不同的独特的“康乐型”气候环境。昔日默默无闻的偏远山村,今日已成为“中国生物圈保护区”“浙江省森林公园”“浙江省农家乐特色示范村”。鸬鸟镇又是“余杭区大径山乡村国家公园”旅游板块中的重要组成部分,已成为余杭新的旅游热点和慢生活体验地,正在打造处处是景的旅游小镇,创建人人向往的“国际慢城”。
集装箱街区:打造民宿小镇
“很庆幸来到这里,每一口空气都荡涤着尘封的心灵;很庆幸来到这里,每一处土地都让我回到最初的自己……”这是小镇宣传片《遇见鸬鸟》里的几句台词。男女主角在这相遇,一起看竹海、玩漂流、尝蜜梨、观鳌鱼灯表演。宣传片在官方微信公众号上首发后,短短一周时间里,就已经有2万多阅读量。
“鸬鸟的山水资源丰富,又有‘红色底蕴,借助宣传片和微信等传播方式,既轻松好玩又有很高的传播效率。”副镇长冯月娟介绍。
但是,仅仅底蕴、旅游资源,并不能解读鸬鸟近几年发展的突飞猛进。在这部宣传片里,几个不起眼的关于民宿的镜头,才真正让人窥斑见豹。
从杭州出发,开车半小时就能到鸬鸟,路两边不时会出现各种各样民宿招牌。民宿可谓是鸬鸟镇旅游经济中的一张名片。依托山好、水好、空气好、旅游资源多,离主城区近等众多优势,鸬鸟镇近些年通过闲置民宅盘活、公司运作、村集体入股、农家乐就地转型等方式,着力打造民宿小镇。
2016年10月国庆长假前夕,鸬鸟镇前庄村5套由二手海运集装箱组装而成的民宿悄然立起,名字叫“Green+House集装箱绿屋”。
项目负责人肖斐,大学读植物专业,毕业后从事过多年的园林绿化工程。“集装箱民宿其实就是一个‘野天堂,没有都市生活里拥挤的交通和污染的空气,可以成为解压之地,来的人可以像野孩子一样在这里释放自己。”肖斐说,游客可在此喝茶、聊天,“有其独特的风格”。
Green+House在鸬鸟并不是个例,比如菩提谷民宿彩虹店,在设计上创新理念,围绕引青山入房、砌土石麻绳为墙的生态建筑方式,让游客体验返璞归真的山村生活,迎合城里人“关掉手机,亲近自然”的消费需求,已经成为鸬鸟镇乃至全余杭区民宿业的样板。
再比如,这里还有一家“发靥咖啡”店,就是由两个集装箱改造而来。店主郑梁楷说起当初缘由:“集装箱同后面的山景搭配得很奇妙,我觉得特别美。”
这些“潮玩具”,相比于传统的农家乐,更具备国际范儿,也更能吸引年轻人的目光。因此,来鸬鸟山乡度假的游客中,消费能力更强的年轻人、白领比例更高。“甚至还有不少外国留学生选择来这里度假。”一家民宿的主人告诉笔者。
房车宿营地:变梦想为现实
仅凭民宿、咖啡店,当然还不足以撑起鸬鸟的“国际范”。对致力于打造集“乡风乡韵乡愁、美景美食美梦”于一体的鸬鸟来说,需要主动创新“玩法”,才能构建完整的生态产业链。
事實上,房车宿营地才是当地另一个非常值得一提的特色。
“你为什么住车上?”“这是一种生活方式,跟你说不明白。”葛优在电影《不见不散》里开启了国人对房车的第一印象。沙发、卧室、卫生间、电视、冰箱、音响、燃气灶等几乎所有现代居家的生活所需,都能在“移动的家”——房车上实现。作为一种新型的“旅居”生活方式,鸬鸟的房车宿营地,是距离杭州最近距离的、能够体验房车魅力的地方。
当地旅游部门介绍,一天租金在700元左右的房车,可以满足全家人的要求。自驾到达鸬鸟房车营地公园后,可以在营地参加骑马、钓鱼、森林浴、游学等活动,也可以到山沟沟、径山、双溪等鸬鸟镇等周边景点游玩。未来,营地增加木屋、民宿、帐篷酒店等功能区后,营地本身就是一个综合性的旅游度假区。
来鸬鸟休闲的游客,不少是带着孩子的,随着“爸爸去哪儿”等亲子真人秀的热播,国内亲子游的热潮不退。亲子游怎么玩?鸬鸟的房车露营地就开启了新玩法:带着自己的宝贝,开着房车,一家人躺在一起看星星,去林间水边寻找萤火虫。
对于亲子旅游业发展,鸬鸟镇政府工作人员接受采访时表示,未来的亲子旅游业将不再是以纯粹的观光为主,而是强调“体验式”旅游。父母和孩子在大自然里一起动手实践、共同体验,比如鸬鸟镇的蜜梨采摘游、亲子漂流、骑马等项目都可以极大地增进亲子感情,让父母带着孩子们重拾乡野的快乐,寓教于乐。
一家人开房车旅行在欧洲十分普遍,然而在国内还没有成为主流。鸬鸟的房车露营地,将中国父母对于房车旅游的美好憧憬变为现实。
舶来品与本土文化:和谐的统一
除此之外,还有不少带着国际元素的项目正在鸬鸟上马。新湖鸬鸟希尔顿酒店开始装修,“山水雅宸”旅游地产即将结顶,菩提谷民宿成为全区样板,地热(温泉)钻探进入水量测试阶段……
而这一切,齐齐指向鸬鸟镇在2017年初提出的一个新概念“国际慢城”。
作為一个生活悠然、休闲产业发达的地方,鸬鸟打造“慢城”有着天赋异禀,然而如何让“慢城”与“国际”挂钩?镇政府是这样解读的:“‘国际慢城是一个舶来品,源起于意大利,致力于营造高品质的生活,关心小镇居民与客人,维持纯净的自然环境,保护地方独特文化,推行可持续发展技术及健康生活方式。这个国际理念和我们鸬鸟的发展理念是高度吻合的。同时,随着杭州市大力实施城市国际化战略,大步迈向世界名城,以及杭州全域旅游的不断推进,对于在杭州半小时交通圈内的鸬鸟也迎来了迈入国际的时机。”
马尔克斯说:“越是民族的,就越是世界的。”鸬鸟镇发展乡村文化,尽力打造本土旅游特色,在国际元素的装点下,成为“国际慢城”候选地,这样的经验,本身就有特殊的意义。
(本文照片由作者提供)
Luniao Town (Cormorant Town) in Yuhang, a key district 50 kilometers northwest of the downtown Hangzhou, is morphing into a huge tourism attraction. The development is considered a perfect example of how the town responds to the provinces campaign to build special towns.
Without any manufacturing business, the town focuses upon its endowed natural resources and does everything possible to promote a rural tourism industry. The 7- km2 town boasts numerous mountains with a forest coverage rate of 95%. Shangougou, a village flanked by Yaotou Mountain at 1,095 meters above sea level and Hongtao Mountain at 1,025 meters above sea level, is an exemplary tourist attraction in the town of cormorants for urbanites. The village is now a member of China Biosphere Reserve and it is a Zhejiang Forest Park and Zhejiang Model Village for Rural Tourism.
With 13 administrative villages and a population of 12,000, Luniao is now a key component of the Greater Jingshan Mountain Rural National Park, which is a major tourism attraction of Yuhang District. It takes about half an hour to drive to the town from the downtown Hangzhou.
What the town offers is a slow-paced lifestyle in addition to its forests and mountains, countryside food, hands-on fun events, clean rivers, and fresh air.
Many village houses in Luniao have been turned into small hostels and restaurants operated by tourism companies. What is more, some second-hand containers are installed and adapted into spaces for accommodation near scenic spots. Before October 2016, a small hostel composed of 5 containers was quietly installed at Qianzhuang Village. The containers were set up and decorated in a smart way so as to merge harmoniously with the environment and offer tourists a unique, refreshing and enjoyable experience of living in the paradise-like wilderness. Some hostels are adapted from old village houses and present the rural elements, rarely seen in modernized cities. Rainbow Hostel in Linden Valley is a perfect model of village bed and food businesses. Tourists can stay there for a night or two to enjoy nature and unwind with their mobile phones turned off.
The town boasts a café set up in two second-hand containers. The operator Zheng Liangkai thought it amazing to find the two containers merge excellently with the scenic hillside in the background.
These unusual hostels and cafés and other trendy facilities appeal especially to the young white-collar professionals from neighboring cities. They account for a majority of the tourists visiting villages of Luniao. They spend more and stay longer. Many international students find Luniao attractive too.
Another big attraction in the town of cormorants is a recreational van camp where tourists can rent a recreational vehicle and stay there for a night or two. And this is one of the RV camps closet to the downtown Hangzhou. A vehicle is rented at 700 yuan a night, a price appropriate for a whole family. From the camp, tourists can easily reach out to tourist attractions in the mountains. From the camp, tourists can also easily reach places where they can ride horses, fish, and follow mountain trails and take a stroll in the forest. The camp plans to add spaces for wood cottages and tents and more amenity facilities so as to turn the camp into a full-function tourist attraction in its own right.
A few more tourist attractions and hospital facilities are under construction now in Luniao.
The town aims to create a slow-paced rural utopia where urbanites can hang out to unwind and recharge themselves. The town aims to grow into an international “slow-life” tourist attraction.