义乌有群爱读诗的外国人

郎擎宇+沈立

春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。夜来风雨声，花落知多少。这首中国人耳熟能详的古诗《春晓》何以被100多个国家的外国人，用汉语与数十种外国语言反复演绎？当外国友人遇上中国古诗又会擦出怎样的火花？

英语、西班牙语、法语、韩语、阿拉伯语、俄罗斯语……春节来临之际，浙江新闻客户端金华频道每晚10点准时推送《晚安金华·“万国迎春”》系列，每期邀请5位外国人用母语和汉语朗读孟浩然的古诗《春晓》。节目在朋友圈广泛转发后，人们除了感慨中国传统文化不分国界的魅力，不少人也对这群钟情于中国传统诗词的老外感到钦佩。

万国迎春到 古诗也“吸粉”

去年12月21日，以“中外文明交流互鉴”为主题的义乌万国系列文化活动巡礼暨颁奖仪式在义乌广电大楼举行。来自伊朗、也门、俄罗斯等十几个国家的50名外国友人从线上走到线下，齐声朗诵中国古诗《春晓》，表达对新年的期待和对中国传统文化的热爱。

现场，10位外商代表获义乌万国系列文化活动“传播使者”奖、6位义乌工商职业技术学院老师获义乌万国系列文化活动“优秀指导老师”奖。

叙利亚小伙曼吉达来义乌经商已有数年，平时喜欢穿中山装、布鞋，读古诗词，颇有中国传统儒商风范。在周围人看来，曼吉达对中国传统文化的理解比一些本地人还要深刻。听说“万国迎春”诗歌朗诵活动正在进行，曼吉达第一时间就报了名。“熟悉的地方没有风景。”在曼吉达看来，自己就是最好的例子，“中文+母语”、“线上+线下”，让更多人体会到了中国古诗词的魅力。

作为一项由中共义乌市委宣传部、浙报集团金华分社等单位策划推出的活动，“万国迎春”活动吸引了百余位外国友人前来参加，其中有商人、留学生，也有跟随丈夫来到中国生活的全职太太。虽然普通话不一定标准、翻译的水平也不甚纯熟，但能感受到每一位参与者都极力希望通过自己的声音表达对春的期盼、对中国文化的热爱。不少外国友人还主动介绍身边的朋友前来读诗、将节目转发给远在祖国的亲朋好友，使中国传统文化随着“朗朗读诗声”传到全世界。

锡瓦来自伊朗，跟随丈夫来义乌经商已有数年，目前是全职太太。她有空便会到义乌工商职业技术学院师生在社区举办的免费汉语培训班学习。

录音当天，她带着丈夫和儿子一家三口，穿着正装来到义乌工商职业技术学院，“一想到中国古诗将通过波斯语和汉语在中伊两国间传播，我就充满了自豪感。”与大部分外国人不同，她选择将儿子送到义乌本地学校就读，而非外国语学校，“就是为了让下一代融入中国生活，更好地学习中国文化。”锡瓦这样解释。

同吟一首诗 搭起文化桥

如今的义乌国际化程度已经相当高，有来自100多个国家和地区的1.3万境外客商在这里生活工作。实际上，除了无限的商机，将老外留在义乌的还有这儿深厚的文化底蕴，这座城市已逐渐形成多元文化融合发展格局。

早在2016年的年末，来自100多个国家和地区的300多名国际友人就在义乌“万国咏鹅”活动中当起文化使者，共同诵读古诗《咏鹅》。

“鹅鹅鹅，曲项向天歌，白毛浮绿水，红掌拨清波。”《咏鹅》的作者骆宾王就出生在义乌，他7岁时在村口池塘边即兴创作的这首作品流传了千年，因其韵律简洁、朗朗上口，成为家喻户晓、人人吟诵的佳作。而骆宾王本人也因文学才华和人品气节，一直为后人所敬仰，成为义乌的文化象征。

时至今日，义乌人依旧用“宾王”命名公园、道路、市场以纪念这位诗人。伴随着“鹅鹅鹅”的韵律，这些在义乌工作生活的外国人也第一次触摸到了这座城市的文化脉搏。

活动主办方表示，希望通过“同吟一首诗”增强新老义乌人的归属感和认同感，同时也希望以更加开放的视野、更加宽阔的胸怀，来推广传承义乌的商贸文化、历史文化。

“床前明月光，疑是地上霜。举头望明月，低头思故乡。”去年10月4日，中秋佳节，在义乌市义亭镇缸窑古村千年龙窑旁，来自比利时、俄罗斯、喀麦隆等15个国家的33名义乌工商职业技术学院留学生再次聚在一起，齐声吟诵中国古诗《静夜思》。

这回，中央电视台1套综合频道和中央电视台4套中文国际频道带着《传奇中国节·中秋》栏目组走进缸窑村，并用8分多钟的时间对这群外国人的表演进行了现场直播。

活动的组织者之一，义乌工商职业技术学院副教授、涉外人员服务中心负责人冉晓丽说：在异国他乡，吟诵着当地的古诗，想着家里人此时此刻正在做什么，使这群“异乡客”对《静夜思》有了更深刻的理解，一些人甚至在翻译这首诗时加入了本民族的文化元素，融入了自己獨特的情感。

“一首诗歌将两种文化相连。”29岁的危地马拉小伙拉说，中国文化底蕴深厚，自己要好好学习，了解更多优秀的中国传统文化，以便回国后更好地参与家乡建设。

On December 21， 2017， Yiwu， the worlds largest small commodity marketplace in central Zhejiang， conducted a cultural exchange program. A ceremony was held in front of the Television and Radio Tower. Over 50 members from the local international community stepped forward and cited ， a four-line poem by Meng Haoran （689-740）， a poet of the Tang Dynasty （618-907）.endprint

Spring Morning

By Meng Haoran

（Translated by Xu Yuanchong）

This spring morning in bed Im lying，

Not to awake till birds are crying.

After one night of wind and showers，

How many are the fallen flowers？

It is one of the most popular ancient poems of China. The short piece is easy to commit to memory. And it is beautiful. It also sounds beautiful in different languages.

That is why Jinhua Channel of Zhejiang News App chose this poem to launch a program in celebration of the upcoming Spring Festival. As part of the program， in each issue， five members from the international community of Yiwu read a Chinese poem in both Chinese and their respective mother tongues.

This poetry reading is sponsored by the local government and Jinhua Branch of Zhejiang Daily Press Group. More than 100 members from the international community signed up to read the poem bilingually.

Among those internationals who read the poem， some are students， some are business people， and some are housewives who followed their husbands to Yiwu. Though their Putonghua is by no means perfect and their translations of the classic poem in their mother tongues are by no means perfect， one can hear their effort to understand the Chinese poem and their support for cultural exchanges and their desire for listeners to understand the beauty of their mother tongues.

A boom town of international trade， Yiwu now boasts a lively international community including 13，000 business people from over 100 countries and territories. They have brought their cultures over to Yiwu and put down their roots in the market city. Meanwhile， Yiwu， a city of history and culture， has embraced the international community. Now， Yiwu is a city of multiple cultures.

Poetry reading has been a regular cultural event that unites local Chinese and the international community.

Toward the end of 2016， over 300 members from the international community of Yiwu got together and recited ， another famous ancient Chinese poem. It was written by Luo Binwang （640-684）， a native of Yiwu and poet of the Tang Dynasty. Luo wrote the poem at the age of seven. It is probably the most famous nursery rhyme in China. Almost every toddler in China begins their learning of Chinese poetry with this rhyme.

O Geese

by Luo Binwang

（Translated by Xu Yuanchong）endprint

O geese， O geese， O geese！

You crane your neck and sing to sky your song sweet.

Your white feathers float on green water with ease.

You swim through clear waters with your red-webbed feet.

Luo Binwang is widely remembered for his famous essay and poetry and for his integrity and courage. Quite a few places including a park and a street and a marketplace in Yiwu are named after the poet.

On October 4， 2017， thirty-three international students from Yiwu Industrial & Commercial College gathered by a 1，000-year-old kiln in Gangyao Village， Yiwu and recited by Li Bai （701-762）， presumably the greatest poet of the Tang Dynasty. They were there in celebration of the Moon Festival.

A Tranquil Night

By Li Bai， translated by Xu Yuanchong

Abed， I see a silver light.

I wonder if its frost aground.

Looking up， I find the moon bright;

Bowing， in homesickness， Im drowned.

Their reciting was live broadcast on CCTV Channel One and Channel Four for eight minutes. The international students recited the poem in both Chinese and in their mother tongues.

“They were away from home. They were in a foreign country. Reading a poem of the foreign country， they were able to think of their family members far away and to project themselves in the poem. Some even added something from their cultures into the translation of the poem，” explained Ran Xiaoli， an associate professor with Yiwu Industrial & Commercial College and director of the service center for the international community of Yiwu.endprint