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《欢乐颂》引发的社会话题

2017-12-09王姝

文化交流 2017年12期
关键词:曲筱绡樊胜欢乐颂

王姝

由《欢乐颂》开启的中国式“季播剧”,在都市青春时尚剧的市场定位中,贴近当下中国社会的现实,以人物的成长为中心,立足本土传统,围绕恋人、父女、婆媳、朋友关系,在磕磕碰碰中揭示家庭伦理冲突,隐含价值观的内在引领——

“季播剧”《欢乐颂2》今年6月在热热闹闹吃火锅中落下帷幕,“五美”各自举起酒杯,纷纷给自己在这一季里的人生作总结、提希望,也给第3季留下许多情节线索与发展空间。尽管《欢乐颂2》在第1季普遍受好评的基础上高开低走,故事的推进过于冗长缓慢,部分细节经不起仔细推敲,镜头与剪辑也有不尽如人意的地方,但它开辟了中国式“季播剧”的特有模式——即以人物的成长为中心,围绕着感情、伦理的故事编排,暗暗隐含了民族正面价值观的内在引领。这也正是该剧能够在诸多遗憾中瑕不掩瑜的原因所在,仍然能够成功地圈住“五美”粉丝们,并期待在下一季、也是最后一季中继续加油助威。

人物青涩成长中体现了独立自尊的现代新女性观

《欢乐颂》“五美”家家有本难念的经:海归金领安迪生活在家族精神分裂病遗传的阴影中,这一季里生身父亲与一笔巨大的遗产贸然出现,和小包总的恋情又遭到典型的中国式准婆婆刺探隐私、横加干涉,差点逼得安迪在巨大的压力之下崩溃;一向肆意妄為、我行我素的富二代曲筱绡终于开始正视自己与心爱的赵医生之间除了文化、学识的差距之外,还有财产、阶层的区别,为了守住赵医生与她自己的本心,竟一度忍痛割爱;生活在重男轻女的家庭中,有着不争气的哥哥,以一己之力背负重病在床的老人、尚在读书的侄儿,樊胜美终于第一次敢于向哥哥叫板,第一次改写了逆来顺受的形象,也清醒地认识到自己以爱的名义依附在男友王柏川身上,毅然与王柏川理性作别,开始独立的人生;毫无心机的“小蚯蚓”邱莹莹虽然仍在“处女情结”的阴影下认为自己是有缺陷的,但她对应勤无怨无悔的爱终于修得正果,邱莹莹的宽容与谅解暂时性地解开了这个“直男癌”的心结;乖乖女关雎尔面对歌手谢童,第一次释放了自己,第一次不是因为适合结婚而被喜爱,第一次抛开了学历、门第、财产、房子的恋爱速配条件,跟着自己的心走。

“五美”性格各异、遭遇大相径庭,却从不同的方向实现了自我成长,并意识到:新女性的成长,首先必须有自我的坚守、人生的独立和自尊自爱,才能谈得上心灵与精神上相互呼应的爱情。她们为情而伤,又为爱等待,在对爱情不无理想化、又一次次触底现实的“转承起合”中觉醒过来,面对现实,走进现实,适应现实,改变现实。

尽管不少批评纷纷诟病《欢乐颂》让不同阶层的人相聚的可能性,诟病该剧在女性意识等观念上的所谓落后性,但我却觉得,这正是千人千面、百人百腔却又值得期待的现实。因为正是剧中主人公的成长,以诚恳的努力在一点点改变着这现实,而观众们也正是在陪伴主人公们成长的过程中,参与诸如重男轻女、处女情结等社会总在热议的种种话题,并在参与中与主人公结为亲切的朋友,同其情、感其爱,也为她们最后的独立自尊而欢呼喝彩。

家庭伦理纠葛中饱含民族文化传统的情感力量

《欢乐颂2》通过“五美”每个人的家庭,揭开了中国式伦理传统的可悲与复杂之处。许多人批评樊胜美的悲剧,指出是樊胜美自己纵容了爹娘、兄嫂、侄儿,甚至嫂子的娘家,她主动绑架了自己,还让男友王柏川甚至王柏川的父母一同陪绑。甚至连“五美”也看不下去了,从第1季集体出征,替樊胜美解决债务纠纷,到这一季曲筱绡做了好事不留名,吓退樊家不争气的哥,颇有些“哀其不幸、怒其不争”的味道。但最后还得靠樊胜美独自面对。

而面对像蚂蟥一样在身上吸血的“巨婴症”家人,樊胜美一次次退让,一次次哭泣,总是硬不下心肠,因为再不济、再不堪,他们之间有着无法摆脱的血缘亲情的。连22楼每一位姐妹的悲欢喜怒都会照顾的樊大姐,怎么忍心放下卧病在床的老父、唠叨却为儿子克扣自己到极致的老母、顽劣却毕竟还是童稚的侄儿?樊胜美的每一次退让,都是令旁观者气恼的无原则的善,是怂恶之举,但又是契合民族感情的传统之善。樊胜美正是与《渴望》中的刘慧芳、《俺娘田小草》中的田小草属同一系列,任何人站在西方价值观的基础上,进行“站着说话不腰疼”的指责,都是无视民族伦理情感的。

事实也证明,樊胜美是该剧最受欢迎的形象之一,甚至有入戏太深的观众因同情而纷纷给樊胜美的扮演者打钱。清官难断家务事,就是因为这种家庭伦理纠葛难以用理性一刀两断,而樊胜美悲剧的总解决必须是她自己的独立成长,这也正是民族伦理传统能够涅槃重生的希望所在。安迪与小包总的母亲之间能够一定程度上超越中国式婆媳关系,达成相当的谅解,也是安迪敢于杀伐决断、坚持自我隐私界限的结果。在小包总的母亲经历生死、放下一切、无奈的妥协中,也寄寓了立足本土传统、中西伦理价值冲突的和解可能。

市场经济利益冲突中浸润着正面的道德价值持守

富二代女曲筱绡在剧中是一个异数,她蔑视一切既有规则,敢爱敢恨,与“嗲赵”赵医生上演轰轰烈烈的“女倒追”,为22楼的姐妹们出头,动用黑道打打杀杀。可在《欢乐颂2》的最后,曲筱绡的商人家庭最大限度地展现了市场经济时代的利益冲突,也揭开了曲筱绡性格的全部秘密。家族式企业往往男主在外开疆拓土,女主在内把控经济大权,但无论感情上还是金钱上,父母双方都没有安全感,竟把小女儿曲筱绡培养成了“双面间谍”。

曲父表面宠溺女儿,实则不惜倾家荡产也要为儿子还天价赌债,儿子再不成器也要将家产付予。曲筱绡拼命工作、努力挣钱,只为赢得父亲的肯定与赞扬。当曲母为筱绡私自攒下的房产曝光,父母围绕财产的矛盾总爆发,曲筱绡竟能舍弃让无数人羡慕的房产、公司甚至车子,只为换回一个完整的家。这个出人意外的选择表明,以经济、以财产衡量成功,划分阶层地位的当下社会,仍然未失正面的道德价值持守,亲情与爱情,仍是我们普通人区别于经济动物的锚碇所在,横扫一切的市场经济巨型机器中仍然闪烁着人性的光辉,古老的义利冲突又有了翻新的现代版本。endprint

由《歡乐颂》开启的中国式“季播剧”,在都市青春时尚剧的市场定位中,贴近当下中国社会的现实,立足本土传统,为人立传,以情写戏,在磕磕碰碰、一地鸡毛的家庭伦理冲突中揭示剪不断、理还乱,富有中国特色的恋人、父女、婆媳、朋友关系,它对民族传统情感的同情与批判的立场,对市场经济大潮中人性的持守,彰显着正面价值观的力量。而《欢乐颂》引发的种种话题与价值争议,则说明与人民同呼吸、共命运的文艺作品,如果不能做到改变现实,至少应当提出问题,这是衡量大众性与人民性的首要标准。

ended in a hilarious, heartwarming scene of the five title characters enjoying a hotpot revelry and toasting to their New Year resolutions in June of this year. The ending also leaves plenty of room for the dramas fans to imagine how the story will unfold in the third season and maybe more into the future. Compared with the overwhelming recognition from critics and viewers for the first season, the second season saw the ratings fall over its run mainly because of lengthy plot-setting and defective editing. The defects, however, cannot obscure the virtues. The series still qualifies as a success in breaking new grounds in the TV production of modern China.

The drama revolves around the five title characters, who have completely different family and educational backgrounds: Andy, Qu Xiaoxiao, Fan Shengmei, Qiu Yingying, and Guan Juer. Each has to struggle to balance their personal lives with the hectic work and pressure that is rooted in discrimination towards the ‘weaker gender. Such struggle is more obvious in the case of Fan Shengmei, who eventually breaks the family cocoon and walks out of a relationship that is based more on money than on true love, and Guan Juer, who falls in love with a singer and learns to follow her heart in the process.

Andy, one of the protagonists of the drama, was introduced at the series inception as a troubled ‘gold-collar living in the shadow of the family hereditary disease. In season two, her life was plunged into a bigger mess when her biological father suddenly intruded her seemingly peaceful life. She was on the verge of a nervous breakdown when the mother of her boyfriend turned out to be a nuisance.

The gist of the series is the importance of womens self-esteem, independence, and holding fast to ones own identity.

Criticism from critics has been focusing on the absurdity of putting the five women together regardless of social status difference.

In the second season, the dark side of traditional Chinese ethics and morality is more intensively analyzed through the stormy, miserable life of Fan Shengmei, who has to rely on the wallet of her rich boyfriend Wang Baichuan to babysit all the other greedy members of her poor family.

The dramatic conflict that runs through the story of Fan Shengmei touches the heartstring of many; and the reconciliation between Andy and the overbearing mother of her boyfriend implies the possibility of the compromising between the ethical values of the east and west.endprint

The series focus on character development and relationships is also realized by the story of Qu Xiaoxiao, a girl born with a silver spoon in her mouth. While her brother, indulging in dissipation and gambling, brings nothing but big troubles to the family, Xiaoxiao has to work like a horse just to prove her value and to win a smile on the face of her narrow-minded father. At the end of season two, the girl quits everything without hesitation, just to keep the family bond from falling apart.

With the production taking on a new form that resembles the ‘seasonal series on American TV, the series still is a typical ‘China story – the relationship between lovers, father and daughter, mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, and friends. It is not a perfect TV series, but it triggers tense feelings and evokes thoughts from viewers. It is the positive energy contained in the character development of the five characters that won bonus points for the series.endprint

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