阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧
2017-08-15党东平何西亚
党东平++何西亚
阅读能力是最重要的语言实践能力之一,高中阶段是学生阅读理解力形成和发展的重要阶段,阅读理解也是考试中的一个重要考查内容,且在高考中占了较大比重,足以说明阅读的重要性,所以人们常说“得阅读者得高考”。阅读理解能力的提高,需在掌握一定的词汇的基础上,结合解题技巧和策略,在平时训练中不断巩固强化,形成自己的解题思路,并在阅读中扩大词汇量,日积月累,便会取得事半功倍的效果。该类题目是高考中的难点之一,也是区分度较大的题目。
技法点拨·突破高考
解题策略
1.文章标题类
利用主题段来概括标题。标题段一般在文章的第一段或最后一段,一般来说第一段经常提出文章的主题或最后一段总结文章的主题。
[2015·课标卷Ⅱ,B]... You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.
28.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Is Your House Making You Fat?
B.Ways of Serving Dinner
C.Effects of Self-Consciousness
D.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?
本题考查文章主旨大意。通过第一段最后一句说明下文要介绍几种通过改变屋内环境与设施进行饮食调节的方法,据此可迅速锁定正确答案。
2.概括文章大意类
辨认主题句。主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点,文章的主题通常是每段主题句的综合,对相关信息进行分析、推断和归纳,从而概括出主旨大意。
[2015·天津卷,B]Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way ...
45.What does the passage mainly present?
A.A new design idea of household robots.
B.Marketing strategies for social robots.
C.Information on household robots.
D.An introduction to social robots.
本題考查文章主旨大意。文章主要介绍了社交类机器人。第一段为主题段,social robots为文章中心词。不难选出A。
[2015·四川卷,C]...The emotional, physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never?ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happiness. Investing in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.
40.What is stressed in the last paragraph?
A.Mothers importance shows in family all year long.
B.The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile.
C.Mothers devotion to children can hardly be calculated.
D.Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return.
本题考查段落大意。由选段中的“never-ending, sources of great joy and happiness,money well spent”可知,母亲所做的牺牲很大但非常值得。
干扰项特点
以偏概全。选项信息只是某个细节或具体事实,只表述主题中的一个侧面信息;偷梁换柱,张冠李戴;过度引申。选项与文章内容相关,太泛,过于笼统;无中生有。
在做此类题的时候要注意干扰项,也要注意正确选项的特点,标题通常简洁、突出、新颖。标题是文章的点睛之笔,所以它还要具有醒目的特点,能吸引读者。
参考文献:
[1]詹先君.2008年高考英语写作命题理路的瑜与瑕[J].教学与管理,2009(4).
[2]唐新秋.高考英语写作失误分析及其对策[J].当代教育论坛(学科教育研究),2007(1).
编辑 郭小琴