刘墉：山水传情献故乡

栗子

你有沒有听过每隔五分钟就一次高潮，时而爆笑时而唏嘘、持续整整两个多小时的演讲？

这就是4月16日下午，浙江省人民大会堂的刘墉2017大型公益演讲《不疯魔，不成活——我困顿中对文学和艺术的领悟》。

“很多人以为我做过很多演讲，其实错了。”刘墉说，“这是我今年的第一场。我再过一年多，就70岁了，真不知道还能够做几场这样的演讲。”

他亲切地称观众“乡亲”

祖籍浙江临安的刘墉，尤其看重在杭州的这场演讲，因为这是他的回乡之旅，所以他开场白也是充满乡情的：“各位杭州的乡亲，下午好！”

2010年秋，刘墉第一次来到临安寻根祭祖。按照中国传统宗谱，刘墉本姓姚。民国时期临安县有一任民事长，叫姚筱楼，刘墉是他的嫡孙。民事长大抵相当于如今县长职级，在当时算是不小的官员。刘墉的乳名叫小毛。“你看，最后这个名字就是刘墉的。”刘墉表亲周元宪指着姚筱楼墓碑上左下方家属的名字介绍。

“刘墉的母亲是我的亲姑姑，我姑姑有6个儿子，刘墉最小，在台湾出生后没几年，姑夫去世，刘墉过继给一位北京籍的刘姓大户，从此就姓刘了。”按周元宪介绍，刘墉的亲生父亲就是锦城街道胜利村人，原来住在府前路一带，就是现在绿城钱王文化广场的位置。

2016年5月，刘墉再次回乡祭祖的画面至今还在临安亲友的印象中。

祭祖的时候，刘墉忍住腰部的不适，坚持行跪拜磕头大礼。上一次祭祖时刘墉也是如此，很多人还记得，当时刘墉磕完头后，脑门和双膝都沾着浅浅的泥沙。这一次，细心的表兄沈阿苟准备了一块垫子。刘墉第一次试图跪下时，没有成功。顿了顿，他用手轻抚腰部，揉了几下，再慢慢屈膝，跪下，叩头，完成这些平时看来简单的工作显得有些艰难。

“没有爷爷哪有我啊，必须跪，必须磕头。”刘墉说着，目光如炬，语气柔软而坚毅，呈现出与温润外表的极大反差。沈阿苟取出纸钱给刘墉烧，刘墉怯怯地问：“这个就不用烧了吧，不环保啊。”

雨后的青山湖被薄雾笼罩，对岸红瓦白墙安静地站着，沿湖春柳拂堤，鸟鸣山幽，绿树葳蕤，不时有人从树丛中走出来，又消失不见，垂钓者隐身在某棵树下，等待鱼儿上钩。这些场景，一一被刘墉收入画笔之下。

一旁站着的刘墉夫人毕薇薇，忙前忙后，递笔，扶纸，甚至和旁人一样，拿起手机给刘墉拍照。如果不是鲜艳亮眼的红色外衣将她与其他人区隔，你不会知道，这是和刘墉结婚已经整整45年的发妻。

这一次，刘墉说自己是怀着求教和感恩的心来杭州的。他细数了自己这一路走来帮助过他的“贵人”，其中包括介绍他去了美国的前台北历史博物馆馆长何浩天、带他认识收藏家的邻居家的一位管家、浙江美术馆馆长斯舜威、即将与他一起步入金婚的夫人毕薇薇以及一直以来支持他的所有读者们……

“我以我手书画我心”

4月18日，刘墉画展开幕式之火爆，连媒体采访时间都挤掉了，只留下记者们站在外围，望着黑压压的人头兴叹。

很多人看过刘墉的书，却不知道他还画画，实际上，画画才是他的“专业”。刘墉是台湾师范大学美术系的高材生，还是台湾山水及花鸟走兽大师黄君璧、林玉山的入室弟子，曾举办个展30余次，作品被海内外许多博物馆收藏。

这次，他的画、他的书都来了。

浙江美术馆举办的“书卷江山——刘墉作品展”是刘墉在大陆举办的迄今为止规模最大、门类最全的艺术大展，展览分为“师古篇”、“山水园林篇”、“花鸟翎毛篇”、“现代水墨篇”、“写生研究篇”五个部分，呈现了刘墉绘画作品120组（件），涵盖其各个时期的代表作。

走进展厅之前，很多刘墉的资深书迷一定会停下脚步，大厅前一排展柜里放着的都是当年温暖过我们的刘墉著作《萤窗小语》、《超越自己》……刘墉的文字温暖过很多很多人：“风大时，要表现逆的风骨；风小时，要表现顺的悠然。”

微博上，粉丝都叫他“墉爸”，因为他总像我们絮絮叨叨的父亲，始终放心不下你，一见面就跟你讲道理：“不是教你诈，是教你认清人性，不可因为他们的好，忘了他们的坏；不要因为他们的恶，忘了他们的善。”有多少人是读着刘墉的书长大的？有多少深入浅出的人生道理，你厌倦了父母讲的，却愿意一个人在夜晚的灯下读刘墉。

展览结束后，这些著作将全部捐赠给浙江美术馆，入库美术文献中心，成为浙江美术馆首个“名家个人专库”。

刘墉的画要细细品读，他经常以文学入画，画中有诗，情趣盎然。本次展览中，专门在重点作品下配置了“读画框”，放置相应的刘墉文章和解读文字，让观众得以更好地理解画意，走进刘墉绘画世界。

刘墉说过，他喜欢在画里讲故事。拿《龙山寺庆元宵》来说，八尺大的画，上面的人物只有指甲盖大小，街头巷尾都是情节，细得像《清明上河图》一般，一看就停不下来。刘墉说：“我从小有哮喘不耐烟熏，所以父亲总带我匆匆绕一圈……唯有过年时的花灯会，我赖着不走。”

画上，人群熙熙攘攘，角落里坐着乞丐。刘墉说：“记得路边有一个乞丐，父亲把钱放到我手上，叫我给他。叮嘱我不能扔下去，而是要蹲下，把钱轻轻放进他的碗里。”连街头小店的招牌和宣传广告也是记忆中的。“人力宣传车和广告牌上写着，‘五毒白骨鞭及‘里见八犬传，都是当年我最爱的电影。”

他的一生也在他的画中：儿时随着父亲钓鱼；13岁时家中失火，与母亲在草房栖身；17岁时因病休学，在家中作画……

问刘墉，您是作家还是画家？刘墉说，“哪个都不选，我是‘生活家。我只是把我生活中的感触，很实实在在地写出来。”

The two-hour speech of Taiwan artist and essayist Liu Yong at Zhejiang Great Hall of People in Hangzhou on April 16， 2017 was full of jokes， insights and wits that brought down the house. “If you think I am good at making a speech and have made many like this， you are wrong. This is my first one for this year. Im turning 70 next year， and how many speeches I will be able to make in future is numbered.”

Born in Taipei， Liu Yong greeted the audience in Hangzhou with great excitement because his ancestral roots were in Linan， a county-level city tugged away in mountains close to the downtown of Hangzhou. He made his first root-seeking visit to Linan in the fall of 2010， and revisited it to worship his ancestors in May， 2016. Genealogically， his original surname was ‘Yao and he is a grandson of Yao Xiaolou， a county magistrate in the Republican Period of China （1911-1949）. He was adopted by a man surnamed Liu， after his father – a Linan native， died only a few years after he was born in Taiwan.

“I am what I am because of my grandfather，” said Liu Yong， getting down on his knees and his eyes sparkling with determination and devoutness during his visit to the ancestors tomb in Linan. When the time came to burn paper money， however， the man hesitated and declined out of environmental concern.

During the revisit， the artist had a great time painting the mesmerizing beauty of the Qingshan Lake， enjoying the sweet company of his beloved wife Bi Weiwei. It has been 45 years since the two tied the knot.

With a Baccalaureate degree from the Faculty of Arts of the National Taiwan Normal University and a Doctorate from Columbia University， Liu Yong became the school artist of St. Johns University （Jamaica， NY） in 1980. Widely known as a writer and a best-selling author， Liu Yong is also a consummate art professional， learning from such masters as Huang Junbi （1898-1991） and Lin Yushan （1907-2004）. His art works are collected by a dozen museums at home and abroad.

His Hangzhou art exhibition at Zhejiang Art Museum – the largest one he has held in the Chinese mainland， drew a huge turnout that left media representatives slack-jawed. The exhibits included a collection of the mans heartwarming literary works that have lit up the life of numerous readers.

The best way to savor his art works is to put them together with his essays for a better understanding. The paintings displayed at the exhibition were laid out with corresponding essays.

All exhibits of the exhibition have been donated to Zhejiang Art Museum as the museums “Masters Collections” has just started.

Painting is his favorite way of telling stories， as is fully shown in ， in which Liu Yong records the festivity in great detail just like the Northern Song painting master Zhang Zeduan depicted in . In the painting， Liu relived fond childhood memories in all the colorful shop signs， advertising boards and rickshaws carrying posters of popular films such as and .

“My father always had to make sure that I stayed away from smoke and fire because of my asthma， but the lunar year Lantern Festival was an exception and I could always make the best of my time there.”

From his paintings， one can also take a glimpse at what the man went through in his life – how his home was destroyed in a fire and the days he and his mother spent in a thatched cottage； and his absence from school due to health problems at the age of 17.

“I am a man of life，” he shot back when asked if he is an author or painter， adding that “I am just recording how I feel about my real life.”