瑟伦加海浴场，奥斯陆，挪威

建筑设计：LPO建筑事务所，克里斯汀·京森斯·特内斯图思

瑟伦加海浴场，奥斯陆，挪威

建筑设计：LPO建筑事务所，克里斯汀·京森斯·特内斯图思

1 鸟瞰/Aerial view

来自奥斯陆的LPO建筑事务所与来自奥胡斯的建筑师克里斯汀·亨森斯·特內斯图恩以公共漂浮公园的核心概念赢得了2005年瑟伦加港的布局与设计竞赛。考虑到发生几率很小但不可完全排除的潜在船只事故，需要对码头上的新住宅设置防护。技术上的解决措施是将浅水区拉近码头，从而形成新的沙滩区域。公园的概念是通过对陆地区与漂浮结构之间的切分，使水成为公园中最具活力的部分。码头木质表面的防波堤，作为一个粗野表现风格的大型开放空间，同时意图将前港口结构的元素反映出来。

瑟伦加港新的娱乐设施区域不仅为新的居民设立，也将令整座城市受益。不仅是在奥斯陆正经历重大城市变革的区域，就连缺乏与海域连接的内城，这里的沙滩与海水泳池都已成为颇受欢迎的度假地。

瑟伦加港的中间区域提供了一处新的公园，逐渐延展入海滩中。贯穿码头范围的新港口漫步道在尽头延伸为一座浮于水面上、带有跳水板的木质防波堤，一座分泳道的50m泳池，和一座200m2的海水泳池。沙滩与海水泳池朝向峡湾，拥有望向霍夫多亚和城市中心区域的广阔视野；此外还包括新的集装箱货物区与奥斯陆歌剧院。新的区域为夏季亲水活动提供了可能，同时也作为全年性的娱乐活动区。除既可用于训练也可用于比赛的50m海水泳池外，还设有一座跳水台，以及就座区和露天洗浴。漂浮结构和所有构件都被木板包覆，通过材料的使用将防波堤与港口漫步道联结在一起。

防波堤采用外覆木板的混凝土结构，长190m，宽28m。这座大约3700m2的防波堤重达4650t，在混凝土中内含了5800m3的防水聚苯乙烯。公园与漫步道在设计上普遍考虑了物质性转换、坡道性渐变以及方向性选择。全部的木材覆面区域都采用挪威研发的Kebony技术。Kebony技术是一种环境友好的专利工法，它能够使用一种生物基液体，来提升可持续软质木材的性能。这一工序永久改变了木细胞壁，赋予Kebony产品优质的硬质木材特征，以及丰富的棕色外观。随着时间推移，材料表面将会逐渐褪色，但仍保有其技术性能。（陈茜 译）

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client: Bjørvika Infrastruktur AS

客户类型/Client Type: 公共项目/Public

主持建筑师/Lead Architects: LPO architects AS, Architect Kristine Jensens Tegnestue

项目地点/Project Location: 挪威奥斯陆/Oslo, Norway

功能/Function: 海滨公共区域/Waterfront public space

合作设计与顾问/Collaborators and Consultants:

结构工程/Structural Engineering: Dr.Ing. A. Aas-Jacobsen AS电气/Electrical: ElectroNova AS

土木土壤勘察/Civil, Soil and Survey: NGI (Norges Geotekniske Institutt)

项目管理/Project Management: Bjørvika Infrastruktur AS建造单位/Construction Company: AF Anlegg Oslo

施工/Construction: Dr. tecn. Olav Olsen AS

景观设计/Landscape Architect: Norconsult AS, Grindaker AS

照明/Lighting: Halvor Næss Belysningsdesigner, iGuzzini Norge AS.

建成时间/Completion Time: 2015

总建筑面积/Gross Built Area: 总面积/Total area 8700m2;使用面积/Usable floor area 3700m2

摄影/Photos: Tove Lauluten(fig. 5-7,9-11,13), Sørenga Utvikling AS(fig.3), MK AS(fig.1,4)

2 总平面/Site plan1-泳池/Pool 25×50m3-阳光床/Sunbeds5-淋浴/Shower7-沙土/Sand2-跳台/Spring tower4-休息平台/Living surfaces6-儿童沙滩/Children's beach8-草坪/Grass

3 实景/View of Sørenga Sjøbad

4 实景/View of Sørenga Sjøbad

5-7 细部实景/Detail views

The idea of a public, floating park was a key part of the masterplan and the design competition for Sørenga pier, won in 2005 by LPO architects (Oslo) and Architect Kristine Jensens Tegnestue (Aarhus). New housing on the pier required protection from impacts by an unlikely, but possible, ship accident. The technical solution was to make the waters shallower nearer to the pier, which allowed for the new beach. The concept for the park is a division between the land side and a floating structure, in such a way that the water becomes the most active part of the park. The wooden surface of the jetty is a large open space, with a rough and robust expression, and is intended to reflect elements from former harbour structures.

The new recreational areas at Sørenga pier are intended both for new inhabitants on the pier as well as for the whole city. The beach and sea water pool has become a very popular new recreational destination in a part of Oslo that is under major transformation, and for an inner city that has lacked physical contact with the sea.

The middle part of the Sørenga pier has a new park area that extends into a beach. Around the whole pier a new harbour promenade culminates and extends into a wooden floating jetty with diving boards a 50-metre pool with lanes, and a 200m2seawater pool. The beach and sea water pool is exposed to the fjord and has a wide view out to the Hovedø yaisland and over the city centre, with the new Barcode area and the Oslo Opera house. The new areas offer opportunities to water-related activities in summer and is in use as a recreational area throughout the year. The 50-metre sea pool allows for training and competitions, and there is a diving tower, seating and open-air showers. The floating structure and all elements are covered with a timber decking, a materiality that binds the jetty and harbour promenade together.

The jetty is wood-covered concrete structure, measuring 190 metres long by 28 metres wide. It weighs 4650 tons and is about 3700 square metres. Inside the concrete there are 5800 cubic metre water resistant polystyrene. The park and promenade are universally designed with respect to materiality, transitions gradient of ramps and orientation options. All the wood-covered areas are in Kebony, a Norwegian-developed technology. Kebony is environmentally friendly, patented process, which enhances the properties of sustainable softwood with a bio-based liquid. The process permanently modifies the wood cell walls giving Kebony premium hardwood characteristics and a rich brown colour. Over time, the surface fades, but keeps its technical properties.

8 场地剖面/Site section

9.10 实景/Views of Sørenga Sjøbad

11 实景/View of Sørenga Sjøbad

评论

青锋：相比于热衷于造岛的中东富豪们，瑟伦加海浴场的设计显然更为聪明。陆地和水的直接关系被漂浮的木质平台定义成更为多元的联系。并不是所有渴望在海水中漂浮的人都敢于挑战大海的无限与放任。瑟伦加海浴场创造出了一片介于人工与海洋之间的缓冲领域，让不同的人以不同的方式去接触阳光、海水与木质的温暖。一座没有船停靠的码头、不会飘走的浮筏、并非由混凝土与石头建造的防波堤，这座公园能给人们的闲暇时光留下充分的想象空间。

佘依爽：Kebony技术使得木栈道与平台具有耐用性，这给予了设计师最大限度延展木材料特性与使用体验的机会，拓宽了设计的边界。设计在没有任何水生植物的点缀下，仍旧能体现其生态的友好性。这一区域的更新与激活是奥斯陆政府非常重要的任务，巨大的开放空间和充分的使用性，无疑让其成为最具有灵活度的城市空间。

12 细部图/Detail drawings

13 实景/View of Sørenga Sjøbad

Comment

QING Feng: Compared with the Middle East millionaires who love creating islands, Sørenga Sjøbad's design is obviously smarter. The direct connection between land and water has been defined by the floating wooden platform to be more diversified. Not all people who desire floating in the sea dare to challenge the infinity and indulgence of the ocean. Sørenga Sjøbad created a buffer area between artificiality and the ocean, to allow different people to contact sunlight, sea water and the warmth of wood in different ways. A pier that no ship docks, a raft that won't drift away, a dam that is not made of concrete and stone, this park can leave sufficient space for imagination in people's leisure time. (Translated by CHEN Yuxiao)

SHE Yishuang: Kebony technology makes the wood plank and platform durable, which gives designers the greatest extension of the characteristics of wood materials and its experience, broadening the design boundary. In the absence of any aquatic plants as ornament, the floating structure could still be able to reflect its ecological friendliness. The renewal and activation of this area is a very important task for the Oslo government. Without doubt, the huge open space and its full use make it one of the most flexible urban space. (Translated by QI Yiyi)

Architects: LPO arkitekter, Kristine Jensens Tegnestue

14 细部图/Detail drawings