C35在肝癌中的表达与靶向干预研究
2017-07-05詹远京胡中伟郭家伟欧志涛黄春明
詹远京 胡中伟 郭家伟 欧志涛 黄春明 郑会聪 游乐卿
【摘要】 目的:觀察探讨C35在肝癌中的表达与靶向干预,为临床治疗提供依据。方法:设计两对C35编码区的siRNA并合成,构建到转录载体pTZU6+1上,形成重组质粒siRNA-C35,在脂质体介导下转染肝癌细胞株,RT-PCR分析RNA干扰后mRNA的变化,Western blot检测表达蛋白的变化。结果:扩增的目的基因条带亮度存在明显差异,与对照组相比,转染质粒pTZU6+1相对表达率为95.3%、siRNA1组相对表达率为40.0%,siRNA2组的相对表达率为28.4%。构建的重组质粒对C35mRNA的表达有抑制作用。只转染脂质体组和pTZU6+1的C35蛋白杂交带强于siRNA1和siRNA2,证实重组质粒可以抑制C35基因的表达,以对照组的蛋白带为标准,其图像分析可知,转染质粒pTZU6+1相对表达率为94.9%、siRNA1组相对表达率为29.6%,siRNA2组的相对表达率为32.2%。结论:通过设计C35基因敲除的siRNA可有效抑制C35基因的表达,肝癌细胞生长速度及侵袭性均发生改变,但C35基因在肝癌细胞株中及肝癌组织中低表达,不可作为肝癌的靶点干预基因。
【关键词】 C35; 肝癌; 表达; 靶向干预
Study of C35 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Targeted Intervention/ZHAN Yuan-jing,HU Zhong-wei,GUO Jia-wei,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2017,14(16):025-028
【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the expression of C35 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and provide the basis for clinical treatment.Method:Designed and compounded two groups C35 coding rigion siRNA,transcription vector pTZU6+1 to construct recombinant plasmid siRNA-C35,liposome mediated transfection for hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines,the change of mRNA protein expression after RNA interference by RT-PCR,the change of protein detected by Western blot.Result:There was significant difference in the brightness of the target gene.Compared with control group,the relative expression rates of the transfected plasmid pTZU6+1,siRNA1 and siRNA2 were respectively 95.3%,40.0% and 28.4% respectively.The constructed recombinant plasmid could inhibit the expression of C35mRNA.The transfection of C35 protein only with liposome and pTZU6+1 were stronger than that of siRNA1 and siRNA2,which further confirmed that the recombinant plasmid had inhibitory effect on C35 expression.By the standard of the the control groups protein band,the analysis of the image system showed the protein expression of the transfected plasmid pTZU6+1,siRNA1 and siRNA2 group were respectively 94.9%,29.6% and 32.2% respectively.Conclusion:Through the design of the C35 knockout siRNA can effectively inhibit the expression of C35 gene,growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells are changed,but C35 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and liver tissue has low expression,which can not as a target for hepatocellular carcinoma gene intervention.
【Key words】 C35; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Expression; Targeted intervention
First-authors address:The Eighth Peoples Hospital of Guangzhou,Guangzhou 510000,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.16.007
原发性肝癌是我国常见恶性肿瘤,传统化疗疗效差,有效率不到20%,分子靶向治疗是治疗肝癌的最新热点方向。多种靶向药物如血管生成抑制因子,EGFR,mTOR,IGFs等处于临床开发的不同阶段,而针对Raf及VEGFR2的多靶点药物索拉菲尼已被FDA批准用于临床治疗肝癌,但目前肝癌治疗的靶向药物研究遭到瓶颈,单一靶点药物的效果难以达到人们预期,而多靶点药物的效果又具有较大的副作用,且难以改善远期疗效。造成这一瓶颈的原因可能是当前研究多集中选用了常见靶点作为研究方向,而常见靶点以外更为理想的新靶点则被忽略[1-2]。研究发现,C35基因在肿瘤浸润,转移过程中发挥着重要的作用,通过设计siRNA经脂质体转染后,可使其侵袭能力下降,C35基因有望成为多种肿瘤治疗的理想基因[3-5]。本文设计针对C35编码区的siRNA并合成,构建到转录载体pTZU6+1上,形成重组质粒siRNA-C35,在脂质体介导下转染肝癌细胞株,观察探讨c35在肝癌中的表达与靶向干预研究,为临床治疗提供依据。
1 材料与方法
1.1 质粒和菌株质粒 质粒采用pTZU6+1和Escherichia coliDH5a,肝癌细胞株采用SM-7721肝癌细胞株。
1.2 主要试剂 限制性内切酶Sal?、Hind?、EcoR?、Xba?、T4DNA连接酶及胶回收试剂盒为Takara公司产品;核酸及蛋白Marker为Ferments公司产品;TaqDNA聚合酶、MulV Reverse Transcriptase为上海生工产品;质粒提取试剂盒为QIAGEN公司产品。
1.3 研究方法 根据siRNA的设计原则和C35的编码基因设计2对siRNA[5],位于编码基因259~278:sense链:5c-TCTGAAGATCT-CATTGAGGCCATCTTCGGATGGCCTCAATGA-GATCTTTTT-3c;antisense链:5c-CTAGAAAAAA-GATCTCATTGAGGCCATCCGAAGATGGCCTC-AATGAGATCTC-3c;位于编码基因282~300:sense链:5c-TCGAGGAGCCAGTAATGGAGAAACT-TCGGTTTCTCCATTACTGGCTCTTTTT-3c;antisense链:5c-CTAGAAAAAGAGCCAGTAATGGAGA-AACCGAAGTTTCTCCATTACTGGCTCC-3c。两条DNA链在等浓度的NaCl缓冲液中95 ℃、5 min,缓慢退火至室温以形成双链DNA。用DNA纯化试剂盒纯化形成的双链DNA,与限制性内切酶酶切后的载体pTZU6+1连接,转化DH5A,Amp抗性筛选。挑取阳性克隆,EcoR和Hindó双酶切,1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定。SM-7721肝癌细胞株用含10%胎牛血清和青、链霉素各100 U/mL的DMEM培养基37 ℃常规培养和传代。细胞转染后,收集转染48 h的细胞,PBS洗涤2次以β-actin的条带亮度定为100,计算出相对表达率,确定C35基因mRNA分别被siRNA抑制的程度。PBS洗涤收集转染72 h之后的细胞,利用Western blot检测C35蛋白的表达情况。用ECL化学发光检测,发光成像系统取像。
2 结果
2.1 肝癌细胞株中C35的表达 实时定量PCR检测C35基因在肝癌细胞株和正常肝细胞株中mRNA表达水平,正常肝细胞株中未检出C35基因,肝癌细胞株中C35呈低表达。
2.2 半定量检测C35mRNA的变化 扩增的目的基因条带亮度存在明显差异,转染质粒pTZU6+1相对表达率为95.3%,siRNA1组相对表达率为40.0%,siRNA2组的相对表达率为28.4%。构建的重组质粒对C35mRNA的表达有抑制作用,见图1。
2.3 Western blot检测C35蛋白的表达 对比4个组中C35基因蛋白质的表达,可见脂质体转染组的蛋白杂交带强,转染质粒pTZU6+1 Western blot检测后C35蛋白杂交带与脂质体组相比不相上下,但siRNA1和siRNA2组的蛋白杂交带仅可见窄带,明显弱于前两组,进一步证实构建的重组质粒对C35有抑制作用,见图2。
2.4 各组C35蛋白的表达比较 以对照组的蛋白带作为标准,分析图像可知,转染质粒pTZU6+1相对表达率为94.9%,siRNA1组相对表达率为29.6%,siRNA2组的相对表达率为32.2%,见图3。
3 讨论
C35是新近发现的基因,研究初步证明C35是优于Her-2的新型乳腺癌标志性基因,且C35基因在消化道肿瘤中广泛存在,在口腔癌,胃癌,结肠癌的肿瘤发生浸润转移中起到至关重要的作用,有望成为多种肿瘤疾病的基因治疗靶向基因。肝癌目前多采用放化疗联合治疗,理想的基因靶向药物缺乏,是目前亟待解决和研究的重点[6-8]。Evans等[2]研究表明通过扣除杂交技术发现的新基因C35,比既往发现的靶点基因更常见,范围更广,且在正常细胞中基本不表达,被视为新型的标志性基因[9]。还有报道发现,C35在肿瘤发生,浸润,转移过程中发挥重要作用,基于C35设计出的siRNA,经脂质体转染后至前列腺癌及胃癌,可使其侵袭转移能力下降,而C35基因在肝癌组织中表达较高,故有望成为肝癌理想的基因治疗靶基因[10-14]。C35基因在健康成人的机体处于静止或非激活状态下,当受到致癌因素影响,其表达被激活,从而有肿瘤转化活性,对恶性肿瘤的生长侵袭有促进作用[15-18]。本文通过RNA干扰技术,构建到转录载体pTZU6+1上,形成重组质粒siRNA-C35,在脂质体介导下转染肝癌细胞株,抑制C35的表达来探究C35在肝癌靶向药物研发中的作用。
本文结果显示,扩增的目的基因条带亮度存在明显差异,与对照组相比,转染质粒pTZU6+1相对表达率为95.3%,siRNA1组相对表达率为40.0%,siRNA2组的相对表达率为28.4%。构建的重组质粒对C35mRNA的表达有抑制作用。只转染脂質体组和pTZU6+1的C35蛋白杂交带强于siRNA1和siRNA2,证实重组质粒可以抑制C35基因的表达,以对照组的蛋白带作为标准,其图像分析可知,转染质粒pTZU6+1相对表达率为94.9%,siRNA1组相对表达率为29.6%,siRNA2组的相对表达率为32.2%。本研究成功构建了C35基因的siRNA载体,利用脂质体转染到肝癌细胞株中,在抑制C35基因表达,mRNA转录及蛋白质表达等方面均卓有成效,构建的C35基因的siRNA抑制目的基因的作用效果较强,为探讨C35基因在肝癌基因靶向药物的研究方向打下了坚实的基础[19-20]。
综上所述,通过设计C35基因敲除的siRNA可有效抑制C35基因的表达,肝癌细胞生长速度及侵袭性均发生改变,但C35基因在肝癌细胞株中及肝癌组织中低表达,不可作为肝癌的靶点干预基因。
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(收稿日期:2017-01-03) (本文編辑:周亚杰)