循证护理联合健康教育对老年突发性耳聋患者焦虑抑郁情绪的影响

郑秀珍+林晓江

[摘要] 目的 探討循证护理联合健康教育对老年突发性耳聋患者焦虑、抑郁情绪的影响。 方法 收集我院2015年3月～2016年5月来诊的老年突发性耳聋患者94例的病例资料，随机分为对照组和观察组，各47例，对照组采用常规护理；观察组采用循证护理联合健康教育，1个月为1个疗程，干预前后评定汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评分及SF-36健康调查简表评分，同时比较两组间临床护理效果及护理满意度，记录干预期间不良反应状况。 结果 对照组有效率为72.34%（34/47），观察组有效率为89.36%（42/47），观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）；对照组满意率为65.96%（31/47），观察组满意率为85.11%（40/47），观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）；与干预前比较，两组干预后HAMA评分、HAMD评分降低，SF-36评分升高（P<0.05）；与对照组比较，观察组干预后HAMA评分、HAMD评分较低，SF-36评分较高（P<0.05）；对照组不良反应发生率8.51%（4/47），观察组不良反应发生率10.64%（5/47），两组间不良反应发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论 循证护理联合健康教育对突发性耳聋老年患者的护理效果显著，可以改善焦虑、抑郁等不良情绪，提高生活质量和护理满意度，值得临床上广泛推广。

[关键词] 循证护理；健康教育；老年；突发性耳聋；焦虑；抑郁

[中图分类号] R764.43 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2017）08-0161-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of evidence-based nursing combined with health education on anxiety and depression in the elderly patients with sudden deafness. Methods Medical data of 94 patients with sudden deafness who were diagnosed in our hospital from March 2015 to May 2016 were collected. They were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group， with 47 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing care； the observation group was given evidence-based nursing combined with health education. One month was for a course of treatment. The Hamilton anxiety scale（HAMA）， Hamilton depression scale （HAMD）and SF-36 health survey were scored before and after the intervention. At the same time， the clinical nursing effect and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. The adverse reactions were recorded during the intervention. Results The effective rate was 72.34% （34/47） in the control group and 89.36% （42/47） in the observation group. The observation group was higher than the control group （P<0.05）； the satisfaction rate was 65.96% （31/47） in the control group and 85.11% （40/47） in the observation group. The observation group was higher than the control group（P<0.05）； HAMA score and HAMD score were decreased and SF-36 score was increased after the intervention compared with those before the intervention （P<0.05）； compared with the control group， the HAMA score and HAMD score were lower and SF-36 score was higher in the observation group after the intervention（P<0.05）； the incidence of adverse reactions was 8.51%（4/47） in the control group and 10.64% （5/47） in the observation group. The difference was no statistically significant in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion Evidence-based nursing combined with health education has a significant effect on nursing care in the elderly patients with sudden deafness， which can improve the anxiety and depression， improve the quality of life and nursing satisfaction， which is worthy of clinical popularization.