THE MYSTERIOUS COCKPIT

2017-04-10Yiwu,TaoWenjia,Zengjian

空中之家 2017年3期

The Cockpit is the brain of an aircraft, and the pilot takes full control of the cockpit during flying. In this article, a senior captain from China Southern Airlines will bring you a glimpse of the mysterious cockpit to see how “the brain” controls the plane to roll, turn and change direction.

神秘的驾驶舱

驾驶舱可谓是飞机的大脑，飞行员在驾驶舱对飞行进行全面管理。本期由南航资深机长带您进入神秘驾驶舱，来看看“大脑”是如何指挥横滚、转弯、方向控制等飞行重要环节的。

Text by Yiwu Translation by Tao Wenjia Photos by Zengjian

NO.1

CONTROL COLUMN (MAINLY TO CONTROL THE AILERONS)：TO ROLL AND TURN

驾驶杆(主要用来操纵飞机副翼)：实现横滚和转弯

Roll横滚

Step1: When pilots turn the control column, one aileron is raised while the other is lowered.

用驾驶杆控制副翼，一边的副翼向上运动，另一边的副翼向下运动。

Step2: As a result, the lifts of the wings create a pressure difference.

导致机翼两端的升力发生变化，产生了压力差。

Step3: Lift is lost on the wing where the aileron is raised, but is increased on the side where the aileron is lowered. It then provides an impetus for the plane to roll.

副翼升起的一端的升力小于副翼降下的一端的升力，这样，就提供了飞机左右横滚的动力。

Turn转弯

The ailerons and multi-functional spoilers can also help with the turn. If you want to make a left turn, the spoilers will be raised to the left, while the right aileron will be lowered. This manoeuvre will make it possible for the plane to roll on the lateral axis. A new centripetal force will be created so the plane will make a turn through this force.飞机的副翼跟多功能扰流板还可以帮助飞机转弯，假设飞机向左转弯，那么飞机的多功能扰流板向左侧升起，右侧的副翼向下移动，那这样会形成机翼升力的变化。使飞机在横滚轴上进行横滚，这个横滚会使飞机产生一个新的向心力，正是通过这个向心力形成坡度进行转弯。

NO.2

RUDDER：CONTROL THE DIRECTION OF THE PLANE

方向舵：控制飞行方向

How the rudder functions is similar to wings and ailerons. When the pilot pushes on rudder to the left, the control surface of the rudder will move to the left. An extra torque to the right will then be created. This torque can help with the movement of directions so that the plane will move to the left on the vertical axis.

方向舵的原理其实跟机翼一样。飞行员向左蹬舵时，方向舵的舵面向左移动，那么它会产生一个额外的向右的力矩，这个力矩可以帮助飞机方向的移动，使飞机在方向轴上向左移动。

NO.3

ELEVATOR：CONTROL PITCHING

升降舵：操纵俯仰和上下

Pilots can also control the elevator through the control column. Elevators on the tailplane control pitch. If you push the column forward, the elevators will drop downwards; so a lift will be formed at the tailplane, and the nose will dive.

飞行员通过操纵驾驶杆，还可联动升降舵。通过飞机尾部的升降舵可以实现俯仰和上下。向前推杆时，升降舵就会向下偏转，在尾翼上形成一个向上的作用力，使飞机低头。

What's more in the Cockpit?

驾驶舱还有什么？

The Electronic Display System, Fire Monitor System, Door Monitoring System, Pressurisation and Air Condition component system, Electrical System, Hydraulic Pressure System, as well as a series of systems which are closely related to flying are being monitored and controlled in the cockpit.

飞机的电子显示系统、火警监控系统、舱门监控系统、增压系统、空调组件系统、电气系统、液压系统以及一系列跟飞行密切相关的系统全部在驾驶舱内进行监控和操纵。