内蒙古自治区2011～2015年肾综合征出血热流行特征分析

南晓伟++韩松++郭卫东

[摘要]目的 了解近年来内蒙古自治区肾综合征出血热（HFRS）流行特征，判断疾病发展的态势，为防治该疾病提出建议和对策。方法 应用Excel软件对2011年1月～2015年12月内蒙古自治区HFRS疫情资料进行流行病学分析。结果 2011～2015年内蒙古自治区累计报告HFRS病例637例，年均发病率0.51/10万，死亡7例，死亡率为0.56%；高发地区仍集中在呼伦贝尔市，53个旗（县）报告了HFRS病例；10～12月为发病高峰期；发病年龄以30～65岁人群为主，职业仍以农民为主。结论 内蒙古自治区2014、2015年的HFRS发病率有所升高，HFRS暴发隐患依然存在。各地区要因地制宜地制定有针对性的防治策略，坚持开展以疫苗接种为主和科学灭鼠防鼠的综合性防治措施，以实现对HFRS的有效控制。

[关键词]肾综合征出血；监测；流行病学；年平均发病率

[中图分类号] R512.8 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）02（c）-0153-03

Epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2015

NAN Xiao-wei HAN Song GUO Wei-dong▲

Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention of Inner Mongolia Centre for Disease Control and Prevention，Hohhot 010031，China

[Abstract]Objective To understand the recent epidemic status of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in order to judge the trend of development of this disease and to establish measures and recommendations proposed for disease control.Methods The monitoring data of HFRS in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from January 2011 to December 2015 was statristically analyzed with Excel software.Results A total of 637 HFRS cases were reported，the average annual incidence was 0.51/100 000，and 7 deaths were reported with case fatality rate 0.56% in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2015.The HFRS cases mainly concentrated in the Hulunbeier City and 53 flags （county） had HFRS cases.The most infections concentrated in the autumn-winter season，the peak was still from October to December.The age of onset ranged from 30 to 65 years old.Farmer had the highest incidence in all occupations.Conclusion The overall incidence of HFRS in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region showed a slight increased in 2014，2015.The risk of HFRS outbreak still exists.In these areas，the prevention and control should not be neglected，it is necessary to develop targeted prevention，adhere to the comprehensive prevention and control measures to give first place to vaccination and scientific deratization and rat-proofing，in order to achieve effective control of HFRS.

[Key words]Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome；Surveillance；Epidemiology；Average annual incidence腎综合征出血热（hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome，HFRS）是由汉坦病毒（Hantavirus，HV）引起的自然疫源性疾病，啮齿动物为其自然宿主和主要传染源，在中国广泛分布，危害极大。2014年以来HFRS疫情呈现缓慢上升态势。为了解内蒙古地区HFRS疫情流行特征，更好地开展预防控制工作，现将2011～2015年流行情况分析如下。