碳核查遥感技术体系研究
2017-02-28岳天祥
岳天祥
摘 要:主要研究内容:(1)制定实验场地设置标准规范、数据采集仪器和方法标准规范、生态系统抽样技术标准规范、植物生物量测定标准规范和固定样地选择标准规范、元数据标准规范以及数据交换标准规范、数据和模型质量检查与控制标准规范、数据和模型更新标准规范,在发展高精度高速度曲面建模(HASM)方法快速算法和智能化准则基础上(这里的“曲面”是碳源汇空间分布的数学抽象表达),构建以全局性近似数据为驱动场,以局地高精度数据为优化控制条件的碳源汇模拟系统,并利用地面实测数据和碳卫星载荷航飞实验数据验证模拟系统的精度和可靠性。(2)发展高分辨率卫星土地覆盖类型识别方法,产生示范区的土地利用和植被分类图;在光能利用率模型的基础上,建立全遥感驱动的水分和温度限制方程,反演普适的最大光能利用率参数,构建遥感反演算法和生态系统呼吸遥感机理模型,利用碳卫星反演的区域粗分辨率陆气碳通量数据,进行空间分辨率转换,与遥感机理模型反演的中高分辨率的碳通量结果,以及碳卫星载荷航飞实验数据进行比较研究,检验三者在实验区的差异。(3)采用点、线、面、体相结合的观测方式,基于遥感技术和无线传感网技术构建城市碳排放多层次、动态、立体监测网络,对城市碳排放进行多尺度、全方位观测;针对不同的组织类型,以组织碳排放地基监测数据、碳卫星反演数据为基础,综合运用源解析模型、大气扩散模型、GIS空间关联方法等技术手段,对城市组织碳排放特征进行评价,编写城市碳核查技术规范报告。(4)研究典型森林生态系统碳观测与分析技术、碳储量综合观测与模拟技术,编制森林生态系统碳储量测算规程,开展碳核查数据获取、处理,整合,结合碳卫星载荷航飞实验数据,建立碳核查验证数据库,为我国典型森林生态区域碳排放可测量、可核查、可报告提供技术支撑。研究目标:建立HASM优化控制条件标准规范和驱动场标准规范,发展 HASM方法的快速算法和智能化准则,构建以全局性近似数据为驱动场、以局地高精度数据为优化控制条件的碳源汇模拟系统;开展基于组织碳循环模型及其与碳卫星数据比对研究;在组织尺度遥感碳核查技术体系研究的基础上,选择吉林省(中国中部)、苏州市、珠海市(中国东部)、江西省(中国中部)和内蒙古大兴安岭样区典型森林生态系统(中国西部)实验示范区,结合碳卫星载荷航飞实验数据,实现3 km×3 km空间分辨率碳通量和碳源汇模拟分析。
关键词:碳卫星 碳源汇 高精度曲面建模 碳核查 遥感
Abstract:Research details: (1)To develop experiment site set up standard specification, standard data acquisition instrument and method, ecological system sampling technology standards, plant biomass measurement standards and fixed sample selection criteria, metadata standard and the data exchange standards, data, and model quality inspection and control standards, data model and update the standard specification. In high accuracy surface modeling (HASM) intelligent fast algorithm method and criterion based on , build global approximate data as the driving field, with local high precision data in order to optimize the control conditions of carbon source simulation system, and use the satellite ground experimental data and carbon load flight experiment data to verify the accuracy and reliability of the simulation system. (2)Development of high resolution satellite land cover types identification methods, produce demonstration area of land use and vegetation classification figure; On the basis of light energy utilization model, establish a full remote sensing drive moisture and temperature limit equation, the biggest light energy utilization parameter inversion of universal, to construct a system of remote sensing inversion algorithm and ecological breathing mechanism model of remote sensing inversion using carbon satellite area coarse resolution gas carbon flux data, lu to convert the spatial resolution, and high resolution of remote sensing mechanism model inversion results of carbon flux and carbon load navigation satellites flying a comparison of experimental data, test the three differences in the experimental area. (3)Adopting the combination of dot, line, face, body observation method, based on remote sensing technology and wireless sensor network technology to build urban carbon emissions multi-level, dynamic, three-dimensional monitoring network, multi-scale, all-round observation was conducted to treat urban carbon emissions; According to different tissue types, in order to organize carbon foundation monitoring data. (4)Research typical forest ecosystem carbon observation and analysis technology, carbon comprehensive observation and simulation technology, formulation of forest ecosystem carbon measurement procedures.
Key Words: Carbon satellite; Carbon sink and source; HASM
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