阅读理解原创题一套

陈伟光+雷霜+李华军

第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Einstein House Guide

Description：

The flat on the second floor of Kramgasse No. 49 was rented by Einstein from 1903 to 1905. With regard to the anniversary of 2005， a century after his famous relativity theory turned upside down the world view of physics， the Einstein House has been restored and now is open to the public since 2007. It aims at giving information and addressing the visitors emotionally： How did Einstein live and in which environment were his most important papers created？

Layout：

The entrance as well as the stairway to the second floor， which has been left in its original state， welcomes the visitors. The living conditions of Einstein and his wife Mileva with their son Hans Albert are shown more accurately in the apartment on the second floor with furniture from that time as well as pictures and texts presented with the help of modern exhibition systems. With the additional inclusion of the third floor， there is space for the presentation of Einsteins biography and his lifes work. Here， different exhibitions related to his work are planned. Various kinds of publications， books， and postcards are offered for sale.

Opening Hours：

JAN， 2016

closed （guided visits on request）

1 FEB - 23 DEC， 2016

MON - SUN： 10am - 5pm （last entry 4.45pm）

27 MAR， 2016

closed （Easter）

15 MAY， 2016

closed （Pentecost）

1 AUG， 2016

closed （National Day）

Entrance Fees：

Individuals： CHF 6.

Students， children， senior citizens： CHF 4.50

Groups： CHF 4.50 each person

21. In which year did Einstein put forward his famous relativity theory？

A. 1903 B. 2007 C. 2005 D. 1905

22. Where can you buy the related publications， books， and postcards？

A. At the entrance.

B. On the third floor.

C. On the second floor.

D. On the stairway to the second floor.

23. On which day can you possibly go to the Einstein House？

A. 11 JAN. B. 27 MAR.

C. 15 MAY. D. 1 AUG.

B

My mother has always lived by some simple rules： Go to church every Sunday， help people in need， and dont worry about unchangeable things. These simple rules have allowed her to live a content life， and in doing so， she sets an example for her children to follow. However， I had broken all of these rules by the time I set off for college.

It was September， and I should have been ecstatic as I stood on my college campus saying goodbye to my parents and embarking my new independent life. However， I was just quietly crying. I had never been away from home without family. My mom hugged me，“Little girl， well come back to get you next weekend and you can come home for a visit！”

My homesickness made my freshman year in college difficult， and I comforted myself by throwing myself into my academics. I spent all my time studying， including weekends when everyone else attended parties. I had always been a good student. I would not settle anything but an A， and when I got a 4.0 my first semester， a friend said to me， “Thats great， but you can only go down from there！” Suddenly， I was more driven than ever.

My mom was worried about my social life. She was happy that I got good grades but had always told me there was more to life. What about faith？ What about helping others？ She encouraged me to go to church. She believed that weekly attendance was the answer to my pathetic social situation.

Sometimes， I find myself being critical（批评的）of my mothers simple ways. Its difficult with busy schedules to go to church every Sunday. And while I admire my moms ability to help anyone in need， I complain that I do not have as much time as I wish to follow her example. Her simple rules have served her well， and though I dont follow them as much as I should， they are there like a beacon（灯塔）， calling for me to follow.

24. What does the underlined word“ecstatic”in Paragraph 2 probably mean？

A. teary B. excited C. homesick D. sad

25. What can we infer from the third paragraph？

A. The author didnt like any social activities.

B. The author was angry with what her friend said.

C. The author had a difficult time learning in college.

D. The author couldnt adapt to university life at first.

26. Which words can be used to describe the authors mother？

A. strict， simple and critical.

B. worried， simple and religious.

C. helpful， religious and satisfied.

D. strict， content and worried.

27. What is the authors opinion about her mothers life rules？

A. She values the rules because they are guiding in her life.

B. She ignores the rules because they are meaningless to her.

C. She supports the rules because they are suitable for her.

D. She disapproves the rules because they are difficult to follow.

C

When times get tough and schools are left with a tight budget， they have to cut certain programs. Usually， music programs are the first choice. It seems that music lessons have no direct connection with studies. But is it really smart to get rid of music education in school？ Research has proved that playing an instrument has many benefits. Students who play an instrument are usually more self-disciplined （自律）， smarter， and have a better memory.

Students in top-quality instrumental programs scored an average of 19% higher in English and 17% higher in math than students in schools without a performing arts program. This is because playing an instrument dramatically increases the brainstems sensitivity to speech sounds. By playing an instrument， the parts of the brain that control hearing， memory， and the hands become more active， and so the whole structure of the brain will change.

Researchers have found that musicians are more likely to keep their memories active. They believe that playing an instrument allows your brain to be more adaptable to aging and make adjustments for any decline in the ability to remember things. Also， they have found that music helps you to be able to continue to separate speech from background noise as you grow older.

Playing music can also help you get into medical school. Music majors are the most likely group of college students to be admitted into a medical school. Lewis Thomas， a physician and biologist， studied the undergraduate majors of medical school applicants and found that 66% of music majors who applied to medical school were admitted， which was the highest percentage of any group. Also， a study showed that music majors scored the highest reading scores among all majors， including English， Bio， Chemistry， and Math.

As you can see， playing a musical instrument has many benefits. When a school has a tight budget， they should think twice before getting rid of their music programs， especially since music has such a big impact on academics.

28. What is the reason why some schools have to cut music lessons？

A. Schools dont have enough money to keep running.

B. Schools dont attach importance to music lessons.

C. Music lessons have no connection with studies.

D. Music lessons cant improve students scores.

29. Why do students can score higher in English and maths by playing an instrument？

A. It allows their brain to be more adaptable to aging.

B. It can make the parts of their brain more active.

C. It can control their hearing， memory and hands.

D. It can make them more self-disciplined.

30. What can we know about music majors？

A. They score the highest in all subjects.

B. They take up 66% of medical school applicants.

C. The number of them in medical shcools is the largest.

D. Their chance of getting into medical schools are greater.

31. What is the authors attitude towards getting rid of music programs？

A. unconcerned B. supportive

C. disapproving D. neutral

D

In the years before the opening-up and reform policy that resulted in China becoming the worlds second-largest economy， the main mode of transportation was the bicycle， and millions of people riding on the roads of major cities led many foreigners to refer to the country as the “Kingdom of Bicycles”.

As economic growth provided better wages and higher standards of living， cars overtook（超过） bikes as the most popular form of transportation. The country is now the worlds largest auto market， but the disadvantage is traffic jams， leading to longer journey time， and air pollution has become a pressing problem.

Now， new bike-sharing programs are hoping to help the publics love of two-wheeled travel， reduce pollution， prevent traffic jams， reduce commuting（上下班的）time and help people to live healthier lives.

Public bike-sharing is not new in China. As the number of vehicles on the nations roads began to increase quickly in the mid-2000s， academics（学者）and urban planners began calling for greater use of public transportation， and municipal（市政的）governments began investing（投资）in affordable bike-sharing projects. Beijing launched（发起）its program in 2011， and now has 800 rental stations with about 50，000 bikes. Wuhan， Hubei province， and Hangzhou， Zhejiang province， have the highest numbers of public bikes in the world， with 90，000 and 60，000 separately.

As economies develop， pollution levels rise and competition for road space between different types of transportation becomes fierce， meaning more effective， greener modes of transportation are required， according to Zhu Dajian， a professor at the School of Economics and Management at Tongji University in Shanghai.

In a bike-sharing study published in April last year showed： “Bike sharing is predicted to grow at a very fast pace， opening up to its users a new means of urban transportation.”

32. Why did many foreigners call China the“Kingdom of Bicycles”？

A. China was the worlds second-largest economy.

B. The only mode of transportation was the bicycle.

C. China made the largest number of bikes in the world.

D. The roads of its major cities were crowded with bicyclists.

33. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of bike-sharing program？

A. Improve environment.

B. Prolong commuting time.

C. Make cyclists healthy.

D. Reduce traffic jams.

34. What can we know according to Paragragh 4？

A. Beijing is the first city to launch bike-sharing projects.

B. Academics took the lead to use public transportation.

C. Wuhan has the largest number of public bikes.

D. Hangzhou has 90，000 bikes at rental stations.

35. What is the passage mainly about？

A. Bike-sharing program.

B. Chinese reform policy.

C. Means of transportation.

D. Economic development.

第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Improve Your Study Habits

Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. You do well enough in school， but you probably think you will never be a top student. 36 You can receive better grades if you want to. Yes， even students with average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Heres how：

Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks.

37 Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments. Of course， studying shouldnt occupy all of the free time on the schedule.

38 Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.

Skim before you read. Look over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material， you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these portions. 39

40 Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused about. If you review your notes and textbook regularly， the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on tests.

Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. The world wont end if you dont pass a test， so dont worry excessively（过分地） about a single test.

A. Review regularly.

B. Exercise frequently.

C. Then make a schedule of your time.

D. Make good use of your time in class.

E. This is not necessarily the case， however.

F. Looking these up in the dictionary can expand your vocabulary.

G. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improve your comprehension.

答案与解析

第一节

（A）本文分四大板块：整体描述、布局、开放时间以及门票介绍了爱因斯坦故居。

21. D 细节理解题。由Description部分中的第二句“...the anniversary of 2005， a century after his famous relativity theory... ”可知，提出相对论的时间是1905年。故选D。

22. B 细节理解题。由layout部分中的最后三句可知，爱因斯坦的故居的纪念品在三楼出售。故选B。

23. A 细节理解题。由Opening Hours部分中提供的信息可知，1月份闭馆，但允许预约的有导游的游览。故选A。

（B）作者母亲的生活法则虽然简单，但却蕴含人生智慧，就像灯塔，指引作者在人生道路上前进。

24. B 猜测词意题。由本句后面表示转折的“However， I was just quietly crying”可知， ecstatic应与crying所表达的情绪相反，意为“兴奋的”，故选B。

25. D 推理判断题。由第三段，特别是第一句 “My homesickness made my freshman year in college difficult， and I comforted myself by plunging into my academics” 可推断，作者由于想家，大一只能通过不断地学习来安慰自己，故在大学开始时，作者不适应大学生活，故选D。

26. C 推理判断题。由第四自然段的“happy...faith...helping others”，再结合第一段的内容可知，作者母亲是一个笃信宗教、乐于助人和感到满足的人，故选C。

27. A 细节理解题。由最后一段的最后一句 “Her simple rules have served her well， and though I dont follow them as much as I should， they are there like a beacon， calling for me to follow”可知，作者虽然不能完全遵守母亲的生活法则，但他们会像灯塔一样指引作者，故选A。

（C）本文从不同方面论证了音乐课程给学生带来的益处，如提高学业成绩，增强记忆力等。

28. A 细节理解题。由第一段前两句 “When times get tough and schools are left with a tight budget， they have to cut certain programs. Usually， music programs are the first choice.”可知，一些学校不得不削减音乐课程是学校预算紧张，故选A。

29. B 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句 “By playing an instrument， the parts of the brain... become more active， and... ”可知，选B。

30. D 细节理解题。由第四段“Playing music can also help you get into medical school...66% of music majors who applied to medical school were admitted， which was the highest percentage of any group”可知，申请医疗学校的音乐专业学生被录取的几率最大，相对其他学生来说，也就更容易进医疗学校，故选D。

31. C 观点态度题。由最后一段When a school has a tight budget， they should think twice before getting rid of their music programs可知，作者对学校削减音乐课程是不赞同的，故选C。

（D）改革开放以来，随着经济的发展，汽车成为人们主要的交通工具，但是汽车也带来了很多问题，所以一些大城市实施了自行车共享计划，提倡骑自行车出行。

32. D 细节理解题。由第一段millions of people riding on the roads of major cities led many foreigners to refer to the country as the “Kingdom of Bicycles”可知，当时主要城市的道路上有数以百万计的人骑着自行车，许多外国人因此称中国为“自行车王国”，故选D。

33. B 细节理解题。由第三段的内容 “...reduce pollution， prevent traffic jams， reduce commuting（上下班的）time and help people to live healthier lives”可知，是 “减少上下班时间”而非”延长上下班时间”，故选B。

34. C 细节理解题。由第四段最后一句 “Wuhan， Hubei province， and Hangzhou， Zhejiang province， have the highest numbers of public bikes in the world， with 90，000 and 60，000 separately”可知Wuhan有九万辆公共自行车，数量最多，故选C。

35. A 主旨大意题。前面两段是讲述bike-share的背景或起因，从第三段起阐述bike-share的目的、源起、现状和远景，故选A。

第二节

本文主要介绍了如何改善学习习惯，提高学习成绩。

36. E 前句“你也许会觉得自己永远也成不了尖子生”，根据代词是语篇衔接手段之一，选项E中的this指代上句提到的这种情况，意为“然而，事实未必如此”，与前句构成转折关系，与空后句“如果你想成绩更好，也可以”相吻合，故选E。

37. C 根据主题句可知本段主要讲要仔细安排你的时间，故选项C“然后制定一张时间进度表”呼应主题。

38. D 本题要求选段落主题句。后文主要讲的是上课时认真听讲和做笔记，选项D“充分利用课堂上的时间”是对本段内容的概括。

39. G 选项G“略读不仅使你的阅读速度提高一倍，还有助于提高你的理解力”提到了略读的作用，与主题相符。选项中的Skimming与主题句的skim是原词复现。

40. A 空后句三次出现review一词，与选项A中的Review是原词复现，且go over与Review是同义复现。选项A“定期复习”起到总起本段的作用。

责任编辑 蒋小青