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So与Such巧分辨

2017-01-06郭连元

初中生学习·高 2016年12期
关键词:词序同义单数

郭连元

so与such都有“如此、这么、那么”的意思,可进行同义改写,但用法不同。

1. so是副词,修饰形容词和副词;而such是形容词,修饰名词。 它们后面都接单数可数名词,但词序不同。

so的词序为:so+adj.+a(an)+n.

such的词序为:such+a(an)+adj.+n.

它们可以表达同样的意思,因此它们可以进行同义改写。

so nice a coat=such a nice coat 这么漂亮的一件外套

so interesting a book=such an interesting book 那么有趣的一本书

注意:后面接复数名词或不可数名词时,只能用such,而不能用so。 例如:

例1:such beautiful flowers 这么美丽的花

例2:such clever children 如此聪明的孩子

但是,复数名词或不可数名词前有many,few,much,little修饰时,只能用so而不能用such,这是一种固定用法。 例如:

例3: so many books 这么多的书

例4: so few people 这么少的人

例5: so much money 那么多的钱

例6: so little milk 那么少的牛奶

2.和that连用时,意思基本一样,但句型结构不同。 so...that...句型结构为:

so+adj.(adv.)+that...

so+adj.+a(an)+单数名词+that...

so+many(few)+复数名词+that...

so+much(little)+不可数名词+that... 例如:

例7:This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 这本书如此有趣,我已经看了三遍。

例8:He spoke so fast that we couldnt understand him. 他说得太快,我们都未能听懂他的话。

例9:It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. 天气很热,谁都不想干活。

例10:There were so many people that we could hardly move on. 这么多人,我们简直无法继续往前走。

such...that...句型结构为:

such+a(an)+adj.+单数名词+that...

such+adj.+复数名词+that...

such+adj.+不可数名词+that... 例如:

例11:She is such a pretty girl that everyone likes her.她是个很可爱的小姑娘,大家都喜欢她。

例12:They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two. 这么可口的蛋糕,我还想再吃两块。

例13:It is such sweet milk that we all want to drink it. 这么香的牛奶,我们都想喝。

注意:由于so和such后跟单数可数名词时,可以换用,同样so...that...与such...that...也可以进行同义句改写。 如上文中:This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 可改写成:This is such an interesting book that I have read it three times. It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.可改写成:It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.

3.so与that可以直接构成词组so that, 引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句, 表示“以便、以至”的意思。 例如:

例14: He worked hard so that he could pass the

exams.为了能通过考试,他学习很认真。(但such没有这种用法。)

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