好句子的表达技巧

罗婷

书面表达要求同学们有丰富的词汇和语法知识，有较强的语言表达能力和逻辑思维能力。造句能力显得特别重要。好句子能够生动、形象、准确地表达内容，要写好句子必须从理论上掌握英语句子的特点，首先应该熟悉五种基本句型，其次还要注意英汉两种语言的差别，要注重逻辑性，体现句子和句子之间的内在联系。

句型策略技巧

1. 改变语态

①He has made much progress in his English. （一般）

Much progress has been made in his English. （高级）

②We should make efforts to reduce air pollution. （一般）

Great efforts must be made to reduce air pollution. （高级）

2. 合并句子

①China is a large country .It has a large population.（一般）

China is a large country with a large population. （高级）

②He enjoys playing football. He also enjoys playing basketball. （一般）

He enjoys not only football but also basketball. （高级）

3. 使用短语

①Our city has change a lot in the past few years. （一般）

Great changes have taken place in our city in the past few years. （高级）

②The quality of the car is good. The price of the car is reasonable as well. （一般）

In addition to its good quality， the price of the car is reasonable as well. （高级）

4. 使用不定式

①She hurried to the school， but the school had closed. （一般）

She hurried to the school only to find that the school had closed. （高级）

②We will have a discussion about the problem at the meeting that will be held tomorrow. （一般）

We will have a discussion about the problem at the meeting to be held tomorrow. （高级）

5. 使用过去分词

①She walked out of the lab and many students followed her. （一般）

She walked out of the lab followed by many students. （高级）

②I found that a new teacher was sitting at the back of the classroom. （一般）

I found a new teacher seated at the back of the classroom. （高级）

6. 使用V—ing 形式

①When he arrives， please give me an e-mail. （一般）

On his arriving， please give me an e-mail. （高级）

②I hear that he is singing an English song in the next room. （一般）

I hear him singing an English song in the next room. （高级）

7. 使用定语从句

①I paid $5 for the book. The book is well worth reading. （一般）

The book for which I paid $5 is well worth reading. （高级）

②We worked together for peace in those days.We wont forget those days. （一般）

We wont forget those days when we worked together for peace. （高级）

8. 使用名词性从句

①He was late again and it made me angry. （一般）

It made me angry that he was late again. （高级）

②It disappointed everybody that he didnt turn up. （一般）

The fact that he didnt turn up disappointed everybody. （高级）

9. 使用状语从句或具有句子意义的介词短语

①It was raining heavily， but they went on with the work. （一般）

Despite the heavy rain， they went on with the work. （高级）

②If you come back before six oclock， you can go out. （一般）

You can go out on condition that you come back before six oclock. （高级）

10. 使用强调句

①I lost my wallet in the park the other day. （一般）

It was in the park that I lost my wallet. （高级）

②He did not attend the meeting because of illness. （一般）

It was because of illness that he failed to attend the meeting. （高级）

11. 使用省略句

①I have not succeeded， but I hope that I can succeed. （一般）

I have not succeeded， but I hope to. （高级）

②If it is necessary， you can turn to your teacher for help. （一般）

If necessary， you can turn to your teacher for help. （高级）

12. 使用倒装结构

①I did not go to bed until midnight. （一般）

Not until midnight did I go to bed. （高级）

②We suffered from cold and hunger in those days .The days are gone. （一般）

Gone are the days when we suffered from cold and hunger. （高级）

假定你是某杂志社编辑Linda，收到某中学生李华的来信，他说因不善于交友而倍感苦恼。请你以Linda的名义根据下面提示给他写封回信，并适当提出建议。

提示：1. 友善、乐于助人；2. 多与他人交流；3. 多参加活动。

注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Li Hua，

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Yours sincerely，

Linda

习作一

Dear Li Hua，

How is it going？ I have known that you have trouble in making friends with others. But you dont worried about it. Here are some suggestions which may be of use to you.

First of all， you should make it clear that kindness is the base of friendship. So you should show your friendliness to others and help them whenever it is necessary. Besides， you should often communicate with people and gradually know each other. Last but not least， you should make most of your time to take active part in activities if possible. As we all know， true friends never come easily. Take more time to communicate with others is very important.

I always believe that friends play an important role in our life. So Im looking forward to receiving the news that you have got along well with others and found true friends.

Yours sincerely，

Linda

点评 这是一篇中档习作。优点有：

（1）在文章开头恰到好处地使用了be of use句型；在行文中，用First of all， Besides， Last but not least逐一提出解决问题的建议，使文章很有条理。

（2）作者运用了一些高级词汇和短语，如：gradually， have trouble in doing， be of use， make most of， play an important role in， look forward to doing， get along well with等，文章语言丰富。

（3）运用了一些不同的、较复杂的高级句式结构。如：

Here are some suggestions which may be ... （定语从句）

... you should make it clear that ... （it作形式宾语）

... whenever it is necessary. （让步状语从句）

As we all know ... （非限定性定语从句）

So Im looking forward to receiving the news that ... （同位语从句）

不足之处：

（1）有些地方用词不够准确或语法方面错误。如：“... dont worried about it”应改为“... neednt be worried about it”；“take active part in activities”应改为“take an active part in activities”；“Take more time to communicate ... is important.”应改为“It is important to take time to communicate ...”

（3）部分过渡词使用不当以及部分句式重复使用多次。如第一段中but和第二、三段中so，可以尝试使用不同的高级词汇，如however，thus，therefore， as a result等。又如第二段“... you should show your friendliness ...”， “... you should often communicate with ...”和“... you should make most use of”，句式结构单一，不妨改变句式结构，改为“... communicate with people， and you will gradually know each other.”，第三句改为“... youre supposed to make most use of your time to take an active part in activities， which will do good to you.”，使句式结构多样化。

习作二

Dear Li Hua，

Im sorry that youre feeling worried to make friends. Id like to make some suggestions， from which you may benefit a lot.

First of all， be friendly and polite to others and always ready to help others. The more you help others， the more they will feel like making friends with you. Secondly， what is known to us is that comumunication can avoid misunderstandings. You will make more friends as long as you communicate with others. Thirdly， there is no doubt that taking an active part in activities is a good way to make friends. Most importantly， friends should be faithful to each other， which is of great use.

As the saying goes， a life without a friend is a life without a sun. It is friendship that really counts in our life. Only when you know how to make friends can your problem be solved. I firmly believe that you can develop a good friendship with others.

Yours sincerely，

Linda

点评 这是一篇高档习作。

（1）本文分段合理，语言得体，行文流畅，表意连贯。

（2）使用了丰富的高级词汇。如：avoid， faithful， count， frimly， develop， make some suggestions， benefit from， be ready to do， take an active part in等。

（3）中还运用了较多的灵活多变的高级句式结构。如：

Id like to make some suggestions， from which you may ... （非限定性定语从句）

The more you help others， the more they will feel like ... （比较级）

... what is known to us is that ... （名词性从句）

... as long as you communicate more with others ... （条件状语从句）

There is no doubt that ... （固定句型）

It is friendship that really counts ... （强调句型）

Only when we know how to make friends can your problem ... （倒装句）