“王牌对王牌”：英语书面表达热点揭秘+速用模板

速用写作模板

一、三大题型分类解析

提纲类

1. 写作要求

提纲类作文是近年高考书面表达的热点题型。它往往以列要点或用表格的形式呈现给考生相关信息，通常有较多的文字说明，对考生需要表达的内容有明确的要求和一定的限制。考查形式有书信、新闻报道、通知、日记、发言稿、对某人或某物的介绍、欢迎词等。这就要求考生在动笔之前，应该认真审题，弄清楚题目与提纲之间的关系及文章内容与提纲之间的关系，然后确定文章的中心思想及各个段落的中心思想，提炼出完美的段落主题句，保证段落中的内容能够充分展开并且符合题意。

2. 写作步骤

（1）仔细审题，明确要求

审读所给信息，弄清楚所要表达的内容要点，然后对所给的信息进行梳理，可根据内容要点适当调整写作顺序，使文章行文连贯。

（2）列全要点，即提纲要点化，然后写作成文

此时考生就必须在大脑中将各种信息点补充完整，适时使用高级词汇和复杂句式。考生要根据提示将要点表达清楚，使文章的内容完整、饱满，并注意适当增加细节。此外，句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间要有合理的过渡衔接。

图画、图表类

1. 写作要求

图表、图画类作文是高考书面表达较常见的考查形式之一，它不仅考查考生的文字表达能力，而且也考查考生审读图表、图画的能力。此类试题往往要求考生先用英语对所提供的信息进行客观的描述，然后提出自己的观点或发表评论。图表、图画类作文主要有以下几种形式：数据表格、饼形图、条形图、曲线图和看图作文。其中看图作文中的图画既可以是漫画，也可以是其他图片、照片等情景材料。从写作体裁来看，主要有说明文、议论文和应用文，时态一般用一般现在时。

2. 写作步骤

以图画评论型作文为例，说明这类作文的写作步骤，考生基本上可以按照以下三个步骤，分三段书写。

（1）研究图画，准确描述

第一段首先要将图片中的情景进行描述，言简意赅，不遗漏要点。

（2）陈述现象，指明原因

第二段要说明图画中这一现象存在的社会原因，并揭示它所反映的主题。然后紧扣主题分析原因，一般列举两到三个原因即可，多使用第三人称。

（3）联系实际，表达观点

结合自己的亲身经历对问题提出自己的观点和看法，多使用第一人称。

开放、半开放类

1. 写作要求

开放、半开放类作文往往给考生呈现有限的提示，留给考生更多思考的空间和自由发挥的余地。考生应仔细审题、确定文体，然后选择恰当的句式来准确表达题目要求的相关内容。这种题型旨在考查考生用英语思考的能力和在具体语境中的英语表达能力。

2. 写作步骤

（1）开放类作文通常先描述显性的部分，按一定的顺序，如时间的先后或空间的推移来组织材料。然后是隐性的部分，考生要紧扣主题或按照作文要求去表达，即揭示寓意，突出主题。隐性部分和显性部分一定有其必然的联系。

（2）半开放类作文通常先描述材料的叙述部分，然后按材料要求对所给的要点自由发挥即可，但要符合生活实际，真实可信。

二、四大文体分类指导

说明文

1. 写作指导

说明文是指以说明为主要表达方式，来说明事物的情况、特征或道理的文体。其特点在于说明性、知识性和实用性。写说明文时要注意以下几点：

（1）说明文不同于一般的文学作品。它不需要对环境、心境进行描写，也不需要引人入胜的气氛渲染，第一个句子就可以直奔主题。

（2）要仔细观察，抓住事物的特征。说明事物，不仅要抓住其外部形态特征，更重要的是要抓住事物的本质特征，因为本质特征是区别于其他事物的标志。

（3）安排好合理的说明顺序。实体事物的建造过程、产品的生产过程、事物的演变过程等，往往按时间顺序来说明；实体事物的形状、构造，应按空间顺序来说明；介绍事物的性质、种类、功能和阐述事物的含义、原理、特点等，则按逻辑顺序来说明。

（4）要注意语言准确，简洁平实，做到表达清晰、条理清楚、层次分明，具有严格的科学性。

（5）写说明文时通常采用一般现在时，用于强调客观事实。如果说明的是人物、事物过去或将来的情况，则要用过去或将来的有关时态。

2. 写作模板

模板1：图表类

It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of （问题）has changed. It has（变化）in recent years （幅度或程度）.

What is the reason for this change？ Mainly there are （数量）reasons behind the situation reflected in the graph/table. First of all， （原因一）. More importantly， （原因二）. Most important of all， （原因三）.

From the above discussions， we have enough reasons to predict what will happen in the near future. We should （措施或建议）.

模板2：现象类

Nowadays， there are more and more （某种现象） in （某种场合）. It is estimated that （相关数据）. Why have there been so many （某种现象）？ Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is （原因一）. Besides， （原因二）. The third one is （原因三）.

To sum up， the main cause of （某种现象） is due to （最主要原因）. It is high time that something should be done upon it. For one thing， （解决办法一）. For another， （解决办法二）. All these measures will certainly reduce the number of （某种现象）.

议论文

1. 写作指导

议论文通过议论或说理来表达作者的见解和主张。作者对某一问题持有一种看法，为了使读者同意自己的看法，提出若干理由，企图说服他人。写议论文时要注意以下几点：

（1）确定论点。论点通常在文章的第一段提出。

（2）论据要充分。欲证明自己的观点必须有充分的证据。考生可以列举事实、展示数据、提供事例、借助常识或利用亲身经历来说明。

（3）论证要有严密的逻辑性。所有事实、原因、理由应同结论紧密联系起来，议论文重在说理，以理服人。

（4）层次要清楚。层次是文章内容安排的秩序，是思维条理性的要求，也是文章内容表达更清晰、明了的需要。作文的层次有很多种，如并列式、递进式、对比式等，考生可以采取一种适合自己的方法。

2. 写作模板

模板1：不同观点列举类

The topic of______（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of （支持A的理由一）.What is more， （理由二）. Moreover， （理由三）.

While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly， （支持B的理由一）. Secondly （Besides）， （理由二）. Thirdly （Finally），

（理由三）.

From my point of view， I think （我的观点）. The reason is that （原因）. As a matter of fact， there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me， the former is surely a wise choice.

模板2：利弊类

Nowadays， there is a widespread concern over the issue that （作文题目）. In fact， there are both advantages and disadvantages in （题目议题）. Generally speaking， it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly， （优点一）. And secondly， （优点二）.

Just as a popular saying goes， every coin has two sides. （讨论议题）is no exception， and in another word， it still has negative aspects. To begin with， （缺点一）. In addition， （缺点二）.

To sum up， we should try to bring the advantages of （讨论的议题）into full play， and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case， we will definitely make a better use of the （讨论的议题）.

模板3：阐述主题类

The good old proverb （名言或谚语）reminds us that （释义）. Indeed， we can learn many things form it.

First of all， （理由一）. For example， （举例说明）. Secondly， （理由二）. Another case is that （举例说明）. Furthermore， （理由三）.

In my opinion， （我的观点）. In short， whatever you do， please remember the saying （名言或谚语）. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work， you will necessarily benefit a lot from it.

记叙文

记叙文是作文中最普遍、最基本的一种文体，它通常以记叙和描写为主，是以记人叙事为主要内容的一种文体，叙述人们的经历或事物发展变化的过程。写记叙文时要注意以下几点：

1. 写作指导

（1）记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一人称表达的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者，使人读后感到真实可信，如身临其境。

（2）时态是一个值得注意的问题。通常事件发生的时间是确定时态的关键。表示过去的事件和行为，用一般过去时，可兼用别的过去时态，必要时也可用现在时态。叙述经常性的事情时，以一般现在时为主。总之，考生下笔前一定要统观全局，确定好时态。

（3）叙述的内容。一篇记叙文应注意交代清楚事情的始末及细节，即何时、何地、何事、何人及何因（when， where， what， who and why/how），做到有条有理，使读者易于明白。

（4）语言活泼、准确、生动。记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文，语言既要准确、生动，又要有较强的表现力， 这样才能把人、事、物描写得具体生动，增强文章的可读性。

2. 写作模板

Everyone has an unforgettable memory and cannot remove it. To me， it happened （时间和地点）， and I still remember the whole process vividly. At that time， I was （“我”在做什么）.

It was a sunny day and things were awfully （形容词）before it happened. Then （事件）drew my attention. I saw （详细说明当时的情况）and to my （表达感受的名词）， （当事人）was （正在进行的动作）. It did not last very long， but it impressed me so deeply that I would （自己的感受）.

Whenever I look back on what happened that day， I think it is right to （理应采取的措施或态度一）. First for all， no one can deny its/his/her （对当事人评价的名词）. Furthermore， it is important for us to （理应采取的措施或态度二）. I will cherish all these memories forever.

应用文

1. 写作指导

应用文是指人们在日常生活、工作和学习中为处理日常事务、解决具体问题而写作的一种文体。应用文包括的内容很广，主要包括书信、通知、日记等。写应用文时要注意以下几点：

（1）力求语言平实、简洁、准确，突出实用性，句子不宜过长，这样阅卷老师可以快速捕捉到文章表达的基本信息，如时间、地点、参加人、理由、活动内容等。

（2）根据不同的文体采用不同的人称和时态，如日记一般用过去时，通知用一般现在时和将来时等。

（3）要注意应用文的基本格式，熟练掌握不同的英语应用文格式，如通知书一般包括标题、正文、落款三个部分，求职信则要写明招聘消息来源、应聘岗位、个人经历、希望与祝语等。

（4）应用文的写作往往有一些特定的习惯语句或套话，这些语句在考试中可能会考查到，考生要重点掌握。

2. 写作模板

模板1：询问信类

Dear ，

I am （自我介绍）. I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding （要询问的内容）.

First of all， what are （问题一）？ Secondly， when will （问题二）？ Thirdly， is （问题三）？

I would also like to inquire （将最重要的问题单独成段）. Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above-mentioned aspects？

Thank you for your kindness， and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

模板2：请求信类

Dear ，

I am （介绍自己的身份）. I will/am （与请求有关的自身现状）.Id like to （阐明自己的请求）.I will appreciate your （有关该请求的详细信息）. Im going to （对方如能帮助实现请求，自己将要做些什么）.

Here are the reasons why （承上启下，开始解释原因）. For one thing， （请求的原因一）.For another， （原因二）. Therefore， （总结写信的目的）.

I shall be much obliged to you if you （对收信人的期望）. Thanks for your kind consideration and I look forward to receiving your earliest reply.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

模板3：邀请信类

Dear ，

（开门见山地提出事件/活动、地点、时间）. It would be pleasant/honored to have you here.

During the party/conference， we will have lots of activities you will be interested in. First， （要举行的活动内容一）. Second， （要举行的活动内容二）.

I know/believe that you will be very interested in . First/For one thing， （受邀请人参加的理由一）. Second/For another， （受邀请人参加的理由二）. The conference/party would not be complete without you！

The party/conference will begin at （时间） and we do hope you can come.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

内文打磨要领

句型篇：十种常用句型

1. 祈使句

Now please allow me to introduce you some of our school rules here. 现在请允许我给您介绍一些学校的规则。

2. 感叹句

What terrible weather were having！ 现在的天气真糟糕！

How glad we were to see the crops and vegetables growing well！ 看到庄稼和蔬菜长势良好，我们是多么高兴啊！

3. 倒装句

Only in this way can animals live a really happy and quiet life！ 只有采取这种方式，动物才可以过着快乐、平静的生活。

4. It做形式主语或宾语

It is known to us all that some students cheat in examinations at school. 众所周知，一些学生在学校考试中作弊。

I find it necessary to learn English well. 我觉得有必要学好英语。

5. 并列句

并列结构是用并列连词把两个或两个以上的、具有逻辑关系的简单句连为一体的结构，常见的并列连词：but， yet， and， however， for， therefore， so， or， when， while， not only... but also...等。

All the passengers were smiling and the sun was shining. 旅客在微笑，太阳在照耀。

I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street. 我正沿着公园路向东走，这时一位老人从街对面的公园走出来。

6. 主从复合句

主从复合句是指含名词性从句、状语从句或定语从句的复合句。

He pointed out that the causes for short-sightedness are so complicated that no medicine can cure short-sightedness. 他指出，近视的原因非常复杂，没有药可治愈。

7. It is...that...强调结构

It was not until at the end of 19th century that shooting， originated as a means of survival， earned its status as a sport.射击最初只是生存工具，直到19世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。

8. 非谓语动词短语

Well mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV， playing games and meeting friends. 晚上我们主要待在家里看电视、打游戏和会友。

9. with复合结构

With the society developing very fast， its quite necessary that we （should） have a good knowledge of English and computer.随着社会的快速发展，我们有必要精通英语和电脑。

10. there be结构

There have been great changes in our village during the last decade. 在过去的十年里，我们的村庄发生了很大的变化。

语法篇：十大语法错误类型

1. 汉语式英语表达

由于受汉英两种语言文化差异的影响，一些考生在英语书面表达时受汉语思维影响，仿照汉语的语序去写英语句子，结果写出的句子完全不符合英语表达的习惯。例如：

[ 误 ] Chinas population is the most in the world.

[正] Chinas population is the largest/highest in the world.

2. 无连接词

句子的各个部分要由各种连词、关系词等连接起来，很多考生在写作时往往忘了使用连接词，造成诸多病句。例如：

[误] You practice more reading， your reading ability will be improved.

[正] If you practice reading more， your reading ability will be improved.

3. 词性混淆

很多考生平时在记单词时，光记读音和词义，忽视词性，这是不对的，因为英语句子的各个成分都是由一定词性的词来充当的。例如：

[误] When people have difficult， we should help them.

[正] When people have difficulty， we should help them.

4. 句子结构错误

一个句子至少包括主语和谓语两部分（祈使句除外），如果将句子的某一部分当作一个完整的句子，就会导致非完整句错误。例如：

[误] The woman talked to you just now is our English teacher.

[正] The woman who talked to you just now is our English teacher.

5. 时态误用

考生写作之前没有判断整篇文章主要用哪种时态，再加上考生对各种时态掌握不到位，常常将所学的各种时态混淆。例如：

[误] A baby can cry as soon as it was born.

[正] A baby can cry as soon as it is born.

6.语态错误

动词的被动式在英语中比比皆是，考生由于受汉语思维的影响，很少考虑到用被动语态。此外，考生还会犯一些其他方面的错误，比如常常把英语里没有被动语态的词（组），如 take place， occur， happen， belong to，appear， break out， rise， die等用作被动语态。例如：

[误] Recently our village has taken place great changes .

[正] Recently great changes have taken place in our village.

7.非谓语动词错误

由于考生对非谓语动词的概念不清楚，对不定式、分词、动名词的用法不明白，对句子结构分析不正确，常把非谓语动词误用作谓语动词。例如：

[误] I am looking forward to see you.

[正] I am looking forward to seeing you.

8. 词性误用

词性误用常表现为介词错用为动词，形容词错用为副词，名词错用为动词等。例如：

[误] He walked cross the stage and bowed to the audience.

[ 正 ] He walked across the stage and bowed to the audience.

9. 选词或搭配不当

在理解英语词汇时，如果考生没有掌握词汇的确切意思和用法，以及习惯搭配，就会出现用词不当的错误。例如：

[误] The increasing use of chemical substances in agriculture leads to pollution.

[ 正 ]The abusive（滥用的）use of chemical substances in agriculture leads to pollution.

10. 不一致性错误

所谓不一致不仅指主谓不一致，它还包括单复数形式不一致、人称不一致、时态不一致以及指代不一致等。例如：

[误] Once one have money， he can do what he want to do.

[正] Once one has money， he can do what he wants to do.

2016年高考书面表达热点押题

（一）

假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom来信，想了解中国在2015年9月3日举行的纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年大阅兵的情况，请根据以下要点回信告知。

1. 举行纪念活动的目的；

2. 你的感受和感想。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 开头语和结尾语已为你写好（不计入词数）；

3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：大阅兵grand military parade，抵抗resistance，反法西斯主义的Anti-Fascist，获胜prevail。

必背范文：

Dear Tom，

Thank you for your concern. The grand military parade was held in Beijings Tiananmen Square on Sept 3. This was to mark the 70th anniversary of victory in the Chinese Peoples War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War.

I take pride of our powerful country. We must remember the great truth of history： Justice will prevail！ Peace will prevail！ The people will prevail！ Only if we bear history in mind， value peace and open up the future， can we create a more peaceful， more harmonious， more beautiful world to live in. As a student， I should make up my mind to learn my subjects， and become a useful person to society.

Yours，

Li Hua

（二）

开学初，老师和家长都要求李华住校，而他却喜欢走读，双方各抒己见。假设你是李华，请用英语给报社的编辑写一封信，请求编辑给予建议。要点如下：

1.老师和家长的理由；

2. 李华的理由。

注意：

1. 信的开头已写好，但不计入总词数；

2. 词数：100左右；

3. 参考词汇：住校board at school。

必背范文：

Dear Editor，

Im a student of Senior 3. At the beginning of this term， my parents and teachers asked me to board in the school. They say it will be very convenient for me to ask questions whenever and wherever. Besides， they think boarding will make it possible to make full use of my night time， and that I also develop the ability to look after myself.

However， in my opinion， staying at home in the evening， I will have more time to work at my lessons. At the same time， I can learn what I think Im not good at.

I really dont know what to do. Please give me your advice！

Yours，

Li Hua

（三）

你是中学生李华，你的美国网友Tim对中国的春节很好奇，写信向你询问春节的一些习俗。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：

1. 春节的时间；

2. 春节的庆祝活动和风俗习惯等；

3. 欢迎他来中国过春节。

要求：词数120左右。

必背范文：

Dear Tim，

In your last letter， you said you were really interested in the Spring Festival in China. Now let me tell you something about it.

The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China， which falls on the first day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar. Usually a month before the festival， people begin to give their house a thorough cleaning and do a lot of shopping. On the New Years Eve， each family will gather together and have a big meal. People will also eat dumplings， a kind of the most traditional food in China. In some places， people like to set off firecrackers. Children are the happiest of all because they can have delicious food and wear new clothes as well as get money in red paper from their parents or grandparents. On the New Years Day and the few days to follow， people often visit their relatives and friends to give one another their best wishes for the new year.

In a word， the Spring Festival is a joyous and meaningful festival in China， just like the Christmas in your country. Id like to invite you to come to China in the winter holiday to enjoy the festival together with us.

Best wishes.

Yours，

Li Hua

（四）

假如你是中学生李华，你在学校食堂就餐的过程中，发现同学们浪费饭菜的行为十分严重。请你就此现象给学生膳管会（Student Meal Management）写一封信，内容包括：

1. 同学们浪费饭菜的问题十分严重；

2. 对此现象提出批评；

3. 提出一些切实可行的改进建议。

要求：词数120左右。

必背范文：

Dear Student Meal Management，

Im Li Hua，a senior student of our school. I am writing to draw your attention to a severe phenomenon among us students that someone waste food in the school canteen， some of whom even throw away most of them just because the food is not so delicious.

As we all know， some people at home and abroad are going hungry seriously. I always feel painful and ashamed of this improper behavior. Not only is it a waste of money but also it ignores the hard work of the farmers.

In order to solve the problem， some measures should be taken by our school. Above all， every student ought to be made to understand that a great number of people dont have adequate food， which may help them realize how terrible it is for them to waste food. Furthermore， I wonder if the Student Meal Management can set up specific regulations against such behavior. I believe that the bad habit will be got rid of soon with our joint efforts.

I hope my suggestions will be useful.

Yours，

Li Hua

（五）

假如你是中学生李华，你们学校最近举办了校庆60周年活动，你也参与其中。请给你的美国网友Sam发一封邮件，介绍这次活动。邮件的内容包括：

1. 校庆的准备工作；

2. 校庆当日的盛况；

3. 你的感受。

要求：词数120左右。

参考词汇：anniversary 周年纪念日，alumnus （pl. alumni） 校友。

必背范文：

Dear Sam，

Its a couple of days since I last heard from you. How is everything with you now？

Recently I have been busy with the celebration of the 60th anniversary of our school. In order to celebrate the special day， we tried our best to make the whole school take on a new look. The campus was decorated with fresh flowers， looking really beautiful. Colorful flags and balloons were seen flying high against the blue sky and a red carpet was rolled out for the celebration. On that day， thousands of alumni came back for the big occasion. We held a big evening party on the school playground， where everyone had a wonderful time.

As a volunteer student getting preparations for the celebration， I feel tired but excited. I really take pride in our school. Therefore， I should cherish the opportunity of being able to study here. I hope I can bring some glory to our school in the future.

Best wishes.

Yours，

Li Hua

（六）

上个星期五下午，你们一班和二班的同学进行了一场足球比赛。请你以An exciting football match为题，用英语写一篇短文。

内容要求：

1.记叙比赛的经过；

2.简要说明你从中得到的启示。

注意：

1.词数120左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

必背范文：

An exciting football match

Last Friday afternoon， there was a football match between the team of Class One and of Class Two. It was a close match. Almost all the students went to the playground to cheer for us. When the match started， all the players played actively. Our class did better and we kicked two goals. In order to win the match， we went all out for it. Thanks to the joint efforts of our players， we won the match and the score was 2 to 1. We embodied the sports spirit of “ friendship first， competition second”.

Through participating in the match， I have learned that team spirit plays an important part in overcoming difficulties and the more we practice， the more progress we make.